Leksyka muzyczna w rosyjsko-polskiej leksykografii. Stan obecny versus potrzeby użytkowników

Author(s): Ewelina Parafińska-Korybska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 54/2019

In order to meet the expectations of receivers, who come across vocabulary from various areas in their everyday life, general bilingual dictionaries include lexis from many different fields. This article analyses one such group in Russian-Polish lexicography: musical lexis. The analysis offered here considers translation pairs extracted from two most comprehensive Russian-Polish dictionaries. The study categorises musical lexis into semantic classes and verifies the accuracy, semantic relevance and currency of provided equivalents. The aim was to establish whether general bilingual lexicography meets the needs of users looking for equivalents in this lexical area. Basing on selected material, the article also compares the structure of entries in each dictionary and considers cultural background of musical lexis in the context of Russian culture. To illustrate the issues in focus, the study comments on a number of examples and proposes some solutions to problematic cases.

Navigating the Margins between Consent and Dissent. Mechanisms of Creative Control and Rock Music in Late Socialist Romania

Author(s): Petrică Mogoș / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

This study seeks to delineate the highly convoluted relationship between (rock) musicians and the state in late socialist Romania (1975–1985). By investigating extensive archival files originating from the Securitate records, Agitprop branches, and the ideological committees of the Romanian Communist Party, we examine how the Romanian regime employed its mechanisms of creative control and how it made sense of Romanian musicians’ attempt to navigate them. First, such intricate mechanisms ranged from rewards and penalties in order to ensure ideological compliance, to repression by means of surveillance, recruitment, and harassment. Second, in our exploration of the margins of consent and dissent, the relationship between musicians and the state fluctuated between one of duplicity (that proved beneficial for both entities) and (symbolic) resistance (through collective and individual forms of dissent). Successful dissent came mostly from abroad, while, domestically, musicians were much more rigidly controlled; without being able to articulate coherent forms of dissent through their music, musicians challenged the Securitate through issues of morality. Music also led to the formation of subcultures—csöves and punks—which practiced anti-proletarian rituals of dissent. Thus, this research throws considerable light on broader sociological debates, such as the role of musicians in totalitarian settings, the hidden mechanisms employed by the state, and the ongoing literature concerning the configuration of subcultural movements in the Eastern bloc.

Pushing Boundaries: Mobility at the Warsaw Autumn International Festival of Contemporary Music

Author(s): Lisa Jakelski / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2015

This article examines how the Warsaw Autumn International Festival of Contemporary Music facilitated mobility across socialist borders in the 1960s. The Warsaw Autumn was one of the most important zones of cross-border cultural contact during the Cold War, for its eclectic programming featured musical works and performers from both the Soviet and American zones of cultural, political, and economic influence. The article demonstrates that the festival enabled multiple connections to form across socialist borders. Some of these were top–down, international contacts among socialist state institutions, which resulted in carefully curated performances of cultural diplomacy that tended to reinforce prevailing notions of East–West opposition. Other connections involved informal, personal ties that facilitated the transnational circulation of musical modernism throughout the socialist bloc. The article proposes that the Warsaw Autumn’s advocacy of modernist music by unofficial Soviet composers exposed and encouraged the development of cultural affinities that challenged the socialist bloc’s presumptive hierarchies while also mitigating the Cold War’s broadly drawn divisions between East and West. The article further suggests that the significance of mobility at the Warsaw Autumn in the 1960s depended on the continued fixity of borders in other areas—between states, the Cold War’s geopolitical regions, and contrasting musical styles.

Анатол Анчев. Песните на дядо ми Анчо от село Батулци. София: ИЕФЕМ – БАН, Изд. къща „Тип-топ прес“, 2018

Author(s): Valentina Ganeva-Raycheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Book Review

OPERA AND MODERNIZATION: THE CASE OF BULGARIA

Author(s): Alexandra Milanova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

Opera music may be much more central to our understanding of urban modernity than is habitually thought. Since its beginnings in Bulgaria around 1890, opera has had a strong relationship with urban space and the public sphere. Most opera houses were built in urban centers and came to be seen both as secular temples and sites of entertainment, in which the appreciation of high art coexisted with conviviality. This paper aims at demonstrating that development of opera art is inextricably linked to the process of modernization of Bulgarian cities. By addressing the impact of this classical art on urbanity, the paper will also attempt to show how opera houses have been among important in towns‘ transformations and alteration from the late 19th to the second half of the 20th c. By studying the inception and development of opera theaters in particular Bulgarian cities and through its focus on the liaison between music and localities, this paper should add to the vast body of scholarship in social and cultural history to do with the city, and the meaning of urbanity in Bulgaria.

За пътя към реализация на иновативните идеи, теории и практики. Реалности и предизвикателства в процеса на преподаване на история на музиката

Author(s): Antonia Baleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2020

The topic of innovation in education is extremely relevant and in this sense it deserves a critical reading, which outlines the long and complicated path that leads to their realization. From the long-standing experience of a university lecturer in history of music, the author outlines his understanding of the problem by bringing to the fore the compulsory theoretical and conceptual preparation, passing through the objective reality and reaching the concrete practical realization in the educational process with students from the musical specialties with pedagogical direction.

Normalization and the Limits of the Law: The Case of the Czech Jazz Section

Author(s): Peter Bugge / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2008

The Jazz Section was one of the most remarkable cultural institutions in “normalized” Czechoslovakia. Established in 1971 as part of the official Musicians’ Union, the Jazz Section used its legal status to arrange jazz and rock concerts and to publish a variety of books without the permission or consent of the Communist authorities. From the late 1970s, the regime strove hard to close the Section; however, it survived until 1984. Only in 1986 did the regime find a way to prosecute its leading activists. This article investigates why persecution proved so troublesome. It focuses on the impact of the Jazz Section’s legalistic strategy, and on the role of legal concerns in regime behavior. It argues that references to “law and order” had a central legitimizing function in the social discourse of the Husák regime, and that the resulting need to translate policies of repression into legal measures inhibited the authorities in their assertion of power and created an ambiguous window of opportunity for independent social activism.

The Painted Trumpets in the Kazanlak Tomb: Parallels with Tutankhamun’s Trumpets, Instrumental and Performance Hypotheses

Author(s): Alexandra Fol / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2020

The article examines the depiction of the two female trumpet players from the Kazanlak tomb’s fresco and focuses on the instruments themselves. Fol discusses the parallels in estimated size, conical bore shape and funeral rite purposes between the Kazanlak tomb’s trumpets and the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankamun’s trumpets. The author uses physical and experimental evidence from ancient and folk trumpets to support her theory for existence of detachable mouthpieces carved from organic materials in ancient trumpets. She deduces the possible make-up and sound of the Kazanlak tomb trumpets from the recordings of Tutankamun’s trumpets, and from evidence presented in the fresco. She strengthens her 2009 hypothesis about a just-intonation based Thracian mode.

Erik Fischer: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Musik und Musikkultur in Danzig und Westpreußen

Author(s): Hartmut Möller / Language(s): German Issue: 3/2020

Review of: Hartmut Möller - Erik Fischer: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Musik und Musikkultur in Danzig und Westpreußen; (Berichte des interkulturellen Forschungsprojekts „Deutsche Musikkultur im östlichen Europa“, Bd. 5.) Franz Steiner Verlag. Stuttgart 2018. XX, 453 S., Ill. ISBN 978-3-515-09325-5. (€ 66,–.)

БГ музикални класации в края на 80-те: ефирът, пресата и интернет

Author(s): Emil Bratanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2020

In the production and performance of pop music, one of the mechanisms to “measure” and generate statistics, ratings and conclusions, are the charts. Do we have them, in the late 80s at all? A whole new generation of musicians declared its presence and art in this period but is it recognized in the printed media, or it is ignored? In case there is any trace in the press, is it still available in Internet today? In order to be present there, these events needs to be archived in old printed media first, then they need to be transferred in the Net.

The Rock Scene in Yugoslavia

Author(s): Pedro Ramet / Language(s): English Issue: 02/1988

Rock music, ignored at first by social scientists, has lately become the object of increasingly frequent scholarly analysis. There are a number of general studies of a sociological nature, complemented recently by a small literature on rock music under communism. As Orman has noted, rock is a political phenomenon both because rock artists sometimes take positions on controversial issues in their songs and because political elites may use legislative or coercive force to suppress, inhibit, or regulate rock performers, regardless of the political intent or content of their songs. [...]

Популярната градска музика в България от 20-те години на ХХ век

Author(s): Maria Alexandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The article deals with different genres of popular music in the 1920s. In this regard, the material tries to fill the gap that researchers have left so far in various fields, mainly exploring the folk or elite music during the period under review. The role of different public places and their orchestras, as well as the emerging musical houses, record companies, recordings or radio stations, for the distribution of this type of music is also traced. It comes to the conclusion of the intertwining of the various genres, as far as often the same people listened to both folklore songs and old oriental maanes, on the one hand, and the latest Western-European shlagers or jazz, on the other. The same picture was also observed with the dance where, along with the horo and the kyuchek, there were also polka, mazurka, quadrille, and after World War I waltz, tango, foxtrot, charleston or onestep.

Tarlinski Piotr, Muzyka kościelna na Górnym Śląsku w kontekście cecylianizmu i przemian społecznych (1868−1918), Opole 2019, ss. 648, Seria: Z Dziejów Kultury Chrześcijańskiej na Śląsku nr 99, Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu O

Author(s): Antoni Reginek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 56/2020

Rola kształcenia muzycznego w amerykańskich wyższych seminariach duchownych

Author(s): Agnieszka Kosmecka / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 55/2020

Artykuł traktuje o kulturze muzycznej panującej w amerykańskich wyższych seminariach duchownych. Podkreśla istotę oraz doniosłość utrzymania wysokiego poziomu kształcenia muzycznego przyszłych księży. Estetyczna świadomość oraz umiejętność odróżnienia sztuki wysokiej od kiczu stanowi bowiem jedną z ważniejszych, a niedocenianych umiejętności wśród duchowieństwa. Muzyka sakralna, zaniedbywana na kolejnych poziomach kształcenia, zostaje uznana za kwestię wtórną i nieważną; tymczasem posiada ona nader doniosłe znaczenie w szeroko rozumianym procesie ewangelizacji. Zorientowana na permanentną nowoczesność masowa i popularna kultura amerykańska stanowi wyzwanie dla chorału gregoriańskiego oraz wartościowych dzieł muzycznych.

Beatlephiles and Zappists: Rock Fandom in Communist Czechoslovakia in the Context of the Scene in Brno in the 1980s

Author(s): Jan Blüml / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The history of rock in Communist Europe has been viewed by a number of domestic and foreign authors as a series of events with a dominant political content, either in the form of a general youth revolt or directly in the spirit of anti-communist opposition. In this regard, the present study extends the current simplifying concept with an emphasis on the reception history, including relevant issues related to the typology of listeners and aesthetics. The primary subject of this paper is the reception of two of the most influential representatives of Anglo-American popular music in Communist Czechoslovakia, these being the Beatles and Frank Zappa. The reception of both artistic subjects is reflected in the specific space of the Brno scene of the 1980s, within the framework of the artist fan clubs which had no parallel anywhere else in the country. The study demonstrates the specifics of American and British rock fandom in the given time and space and challenges the long-held narrative about the supremacy of the political functions of rock behind the Iron Curtain.

Not Just a Zine: the “Rollin Under” Zine and Thessaloniki’s DIY Music-making (1985 – 1990). Thessaloniki’s DIY Music Scene

Author(s): Alexandra Karamoutsiou / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

From the early 1980s, with the common ground of the DIY ethos, lots of and different kinds of popular music idioms (from hardcore, punk to reggae and trip-hop) blossomed in Thessaloniki, Greece. This rich and constant music-making would not have been as vivid during its first period (1982 – 1994) without its own pillars of distribution, which consisted of independent labels and music stores, pirate radio stations and fanzines. In this essay I will focus on Thessaloniki’s emblematic fanzine Rollin Under, which was active from 1985 to 1992. I will show the relationship between Rollin Under, Thessaloniki’s music scene, the DIY ethos and the Greece’s historical and political context of that time. Finally, I will describe fanzines as alternative cultural spaces through which we music historians can “hear” the voices and untold stories of the participants of the music we research.

Migrant and Autochthonous Traditions within Udmurt Folksong (on the Example of the Siberian Udmurt)

Author(s): Nikolai Anisimov,Irina Pchelovodova,Ekaterina Sofronova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This article investigates, for the first time, the local musical tradition of the Udmurt of Chainsk district (Tomsk oblast). The overwhelming majority of migrants in this region arrived from the Sharkan district of the Udmurt Republic, in Siberia, at the beginning of the 20th century. For a long time they kept their original culture in an ethnically alien environment. However, at the beginning of the 21st century, their singing tradition started to fade under the influence of different factors (such as the disappearance of Udmurt rituals and festivals, as well as mixed marriages). The aim of this article is to compare the ‘Chainsk migrational’ singing tradition to the ‘Sharkan original’ musical tradition. The main collection of audio recordings covering the Chainsk district Udmurt musical tradition is conserved in the archives of the Udmurt Research Institute at the Russian Academy of sciences. It is comprised of fieldwork material gathered by researchers from the Institute in 1974 and 2006. We discovered new sources of audio and video recordings of the singing tradition in this territory, which allowed us to integrate more song samples. The analysis of both traditions reveals the basic genres of ritual singing, each of which has been examined from the point of view of the topic of the poetic text, the mood structures, and the metro-rhythmic and melodic peculiarities of their development.

Педагогически анализ на българския музикален фолклор в прогимназиален етап

Author(s): Borislav Borisov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The report presents a pedagogical analysis of Bulgarian musical folklore in the secondary school (grades 5-7) systematizing folk songs for performance and music-folk works for perception (listening) in grades 5, 6 and 7. The rituals and customs, the music and folklore areas and the holidays the students study are analyzed. Information is given about the music curriculum for each class of the high school stage and a conclusion is drawn about the Bulgarian musical folklore in music education from grades 5 to 7.

DRUŠTVENI ŽIVOT U SISKU U VRIJEME DRUGOG SVJETSKOG RATA

Author(s): Hrvoje Klasić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2000

Social life in Sisak during WWII (April, 1941- May 1945) had not stopped, but had adjusted to the new circumstances. War and change of authorities had imposed new criteria and priorities. With the destruction of the largest part of archival materials after the war, the most important source of information was the weekly "Hrvatske novine", which had been published from 1925 to 1945. At the beginning of the WWII Sisak had a little less than fifteen thousand inhabitants and was a strong economical and craftsmanship center, what had affected the development of the social life. During the wartime years numerous sport and musical events, movie projections, performances and ceremonies, lectures and other similar activities had been taking place. This was supposed to serve as a proof for the normal functioning of the city. However life was not developing in a completely normal manner, but was restricted to wartime circumstances (lights being turned off, curfew, bombarding ... ) and the actions by the new authorities. into the new order some Sisak associations and politically undesirable individuals (like the Communists) did nat fit in, as well as members of some ethnic minorities (like the Serbs and the Jews).

A propos d’un album folklorique de K. Marx et d’une chanson populaire albanaise

Author(s): Nasho Jorgaqi / Language(s): French Issue: 03fr/1987

C’est à notre honneur national que dans la vie et l’oeuvre de K. Marx, se trouvent ses opinions qui s’attachent à l’Albanie et du monde albanais. Bien qu’elles soient secondaires dans son riche héritage, il faut les connaître et les étudier.