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Slohové ohlasy ve fotodokumentaci venkovského stavitelství Bohumila Vavrouška

Author(s): Roman Tykal / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Photographic documentation by Bohumil Vavroušek (1875–1939) from the first third of the 20th century includes a considerable amount of pictures with masonry buildings from villages and small towns in the then Czechoslovak Republic. The photographs mostly capture buildings from the late-18th century to the 1870s, influenced mainly by the late Baroque masonry architecture that was transformed into so-called “rustic Baroque” later, in particular in Southern Bohemia. In the photos, there are also buildings with Empire and Classicism elements and even some buildings from the late 19th and early-20th centuries.

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Kafka & Marx

Author(s): Dorian Branea / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Opera lui Franz Kafka a exercitat asupra exegezei marxiste o atracție aproape hipnotică. Fapt straniu, dacă e să lăsăm deoparte psihanaliza literară sau hermeneutica de redacție mistică, niciunde altundeva interesul pentru acest scriitor nu s-a manifestat atât de intens ca în tabăra criticilor marxiști. Mai mult încă decât opera, biografia scriitorului - sau mai precis comerțul intens pe care aceasta s-a presupus că l-ar întreține cu textele propriu-zise - a devenit un argument teribil, în spatele căruia marxismul literar, dar și alte formule critice abuzive au putut să debordeze.

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Ustrojowe uwarunkowania działalności archiwalnej w Polsce w wieku XX

Author(s): Władysław Stępniak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Sources discussing archival activities in Poland in the 20th century do not give due significance to the systemic conditions governing the operation of archives. Similarly understated is the relationship between the law and regulations concerning the protection of national heritage on the one hand and archival standards on the other. The present article does not aim to make any final judgements in this regard but to point to the challenges in the research which are significant for a comprehensive discussion of archival science. In case of Poland, the activity of archives was initially regulated primarily by the legislation and practices resulting from the first Constitution of Poland, proclaimed in 1921, after the country had regained independence. As a state based on the system of liberal democracy, Poland was adopting progressive standards, which in case of archival sciences provided an appropriate level of protection to archival heritage and ensured conditions beneficial to its growth. After World War II, former regulations were gradually abandoned. This continued until 1983, which saw the implementation of the State Archives Act remaining in force until the present day. The law has since been amended several dozen times in order to adjust the operation of archives to the changing systemic, political, and social conditions. This process has illuminated significant issues which still affect archives and archivists.

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Rozmieszczenie i struktura zasobu archiwalnego w archiwach państwowych okresu międzywojennego

Author(s): Irena Mamczak-Gadkowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the issue of the distribution and structure of archival funds in Polish state archives in the period between the restoration of Poland’s independence and the outbreak of World War II. The author lists the basic factors which determined the final shape of the archival network and structure of archival funds in the period under discussion, including factors independent from the management of the State Archives Department, such as financial struggles, lack of sufficient space, and staffing issues. Established under the decree of 7 February 1919, the state archive network overseen by the State Archives Department did not comprised a varying number of facilities over the course of the interwar period – from 11 facilities right after the war to 21 archives in 1924 to the final number of 16 archives (five of which were located in Warsaw) in the 1930s. Designed according to historical criteria, the archival network of the Second Polish Republic was not distributed evenly and did not correspond to the administrative divisions in the country. Some provinces, mostly those located in the east of Poland, did not have their branches of state archives. The author also points to significant changes introduced to the structure of archival funds in Polish state archives in the interwar period, motivated by such factors as the dissolution of certain archival facilities, recovery of archival materials, and collection of contemporary records produced by the offices and institutions of the Second Polish Republic. The article also provides data on the size and structure of the resources held in individual archives and the overall state archival funds in the interwar period.

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Sieć archiwów państwowych w Polsce po 1989 roku

Author(s): Hubert Mazur / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The network of state archives in Poland started to form in 1919, although first historical archives in Polish lands had been established as early as the 19th century. The organisation of state archives in Poland after World War II was influenced by pertinent legislation, the strategy of increasing the density of the archival network, and administrative reforms introduced in the country. As a result, the turn of the 1960s saw the state archive network comprising the largest number of units in history. After 1989, the network of state archives did not undergo any major transformations. There were only sporadic cases of changing the names of some units. Several state archives lost their autonomous status and became branches, while other underwent the opposite changes. The most significant trend has been the liquidation of remote branches of state archives and their agencies, which has resulted in a gradual decrease in network density. Certain branches were dissolved due to financial hardships and resulting difficulty in securing premises to house them. A certain role was also played by staffing and organisational issues. The dissolution of remote branches was an attempt to improve the efficiency of the management of archives in economic, spatial, and personal terms. Following the liquidation of remote branches and agencies, their archival resources were transferred and assembled in a single place. For the local communities of towns and counties, this resulted in limited access to archival materials. There were some attempts to combat the trend of remote archive branches closing down, taken by local municipal governments, regional bodies of state administration, deputies to the Sejm, media, and cultural and scientific organisations. Unfortunately, the state archive network in the Third Republic of Poland was not developed according to a conscious, planned, and consistent strategy of the Chief Directors of State Archives or in line with any well-thought-out conceptual framework. The state archive network in Poland has been effectively shaped exclusively by the ongoing economic and spatial conditions of these institutions.

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Archiwa wyodrębnione centralnej administracji rządowej

Author(s): Rafał Galuba / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The archives of the central government administration hold the most important part of contemporary state archival resources, both “public” and classified. In order to ensure the external and internal security of the Polish state, it is necessary to implement an effective system of managing classified information, documentation, and archival materials in both traditional and electronic formats. Classified archives are an important part of this system. Their operation also determines the preservation of archival resources for the future.

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Archiwum Chmarów – jego historia, rozproszenie i potencjalne znaczenie dla badań nad dziejami państwa polsko-litewskiego w XVIII wieku i ziem polskich zaboru rosyjskiego

Author(s): Dariusz Rolnik / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

It is difficult to unequivocally determine the significance of the Chmara Archive in the research of the Commonwealth in the 18th century and the territory of the Russian Partition in the 19th century. The records are undoubtedly worth exploring by anyone looking to analyse political ties in the aforementioned eras. The archive certainly holds greatest value for the study of the last years of Augustus III’s reign, the period of the rule of Stanisław August Poniatowski, and the turn of the 20th century. Referring to the introduction, it bears emphasising that the collection is of considerable importance to the research of the mentality and identity of provincial elites in the period of Old Poland and the first half of the 19th century. Taking a broader look at these issues helps shed a new light on various smaller threads. The archive includes many materials concerning issues related to the economies of noble estates, for example escapes of peasants or floating goods to Königsberg. In terms of geography, the Chmara Archive may prove useful in studying the public life of the Minsk Province and later the Minsk Governorate. While the records are of marginal importance for the 18th century and the politics of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, some materials, for example the accounts of J.N. Chęcki, clarify certain issues or help look at seemingly obvious matters from a new perspective.

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Proces kształtowania się sieci archiwalnych w regionach autonomicznych Hiszpanii

Author(s): Zuzanna Jaśkowska-Józefiak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of the paper is to discuss the development process of archival networks in Spanish autonomous communities. The starting point for the deliberations is the analysis of the 1978 Constitution, which divided the country into 17 autonomous regions and provided a legal basis for transferring archive management competencies to local government authorities. The subsequent section of the paper discusses the first attempts to establish an archival network and the most significant challenges encountered in the process. The section also seeks to analyse the structure of the network. What follows is a section focusing on various management models implemented by individual communities. The following models have been distinguished: cultural, administrative, and national. Cited as an example of the latter is the archival network of Catalonia, which the paper discusses in more detail. The argument concludes with an analysis of factors which shaped the process of developing regional archival networks in Spain and their current structure. The paper has been written on the basis of Spanish legislation adopted by central and local authorities and available secondary sources.

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Sieć archiwalna w Księstwie Liechtensteinu

Author(s): Jacek Kordel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the archival network of the Principality of Liechtenstein. The network consists of the National Archives (Liechtensteinisches Landesarchiv), municipal archives, and archives of public law entities. Operating outside the network is the House Archive of the Reigning Princes von und zu Liechtenstein based in Vienna (Hausarchiv der Regierenden Fürsten von und zu Liechtenstein), which stores the most important materials concerning the history of the princely family, illustrating its achievements and deeds in politics and economy. Liechtenstein’s archival network has been, to a significant degree, tailored to meet the legal needs of the ruling princely house. Its resources include the most important records documenting connections with other royal houses and the rulers’ political and social roles. The process of collecting archival materials in Liechtenstein has been closely tied with the legal needs of both the reigning house and the inhabitants of the country. It has focused primarily on administrative centres and the judiciary. The archives of Liechtenstein include a variety of finding aids which are of great importance in archival searches. It can also be argued that Liechtenstein’s archival network has been structured based on the experiences of Austria and other German countries.

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W okowach ograniczeń: historycy Litw a specjalne zespoły archiwalne w latach 70.–80. XX wieku

Author(s): Vitalija Stravinskienė / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article, based on archival and historiographical materials, examines the transformation of the Lithuanian archival system implemented by the Soviet government when archives were subordinated to political goals. The authority restricted public access to the historical material stored in the archives after transferring them to the Special Funds. The author focuses on the development of the Secret Funds of the Central State Archives of Lithuania in the 1970–1980’s and discusses the experiences of Lithuanian historians in using the material stored in the Secret Funds in their professional work.

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Sieć archiwów federalnych Rosji (1992–2016)

Author(s): Alicja Kulecka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The basic goal of the present paper is to discover the factors which shape the network of federal archives in Russia. There are plenty such factors to list. One of the basic ones are transformations in the political system and territorial changes undergone by the Russian state. These are visible in the manner of both naming and establishing individual archival units. In 1992, the adjective “central” was removed from the names of archives which had operated in the Soviet era. Only the adjective “state” remained. Its presence signalled that the resources stored in a particular archive were significant from the point of view of Russian statehood and considered an important and unifying element for the nations of the Russian Federation. Another decision taken was to cease to name archives after historical events shaping the communist movement. This concerned primarily the 1917 October Revolution. The Archive of the October Revolution, Supreme Organs of State Power was renamed to the State Archive of the Russian Federation. The architects of the archival network merged the funds of central USSR archives and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Such was the case of the Archive of the Russian Federation. One of the archives which enriched its resources was the Central Archive of the Russian Soviet Socialist Republic. Federal archives were structured according to historical, material, and chronological criteria. Among them there is a group of archives collecting documents produced by central institutions, interior administration, and other administration divisions, including party administration – with the exception of military administration, whose documentation is stored in what may be called general administration archives. Forming part of this particular group are five units: State Archive of the Russian Federation, Russian State Historical Archive, Russian State Archive of Historical Records, Russian State Archive of Contemporary History, Russian State Archive of Social and Political History. The centres established in the 1990s for the purpose of collecting resources assembled from party material, contemporary and historical documentation, and military records, were given the rank of archives in 1999. The Centre for the Storage of Modern Records was given the rank of the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History, while the Russian Centre for the Storage and Analysis of the Records of Youth Organisations became the foundation of the Russian State Archive of Social and Political History. The Centre for the Storage of Historical-Documentation Collections was incorporated into the Russian State Military Archive. The first decade of political and social transformations went hand in hand with rapid changes in the organisation of archives. The network of federal archives does not encompass the records of Russian diplomatic services held in the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The Russian Academy of Sciences also has a separate archival network. The aforementioned Russian State Military Archive became the third unit in the network of federal archives which stores army records. The network includes a separate group of archives collecting materials produced by military institutions. Forming its part are the Russian State Archive of the Navy, Russian State Military Archive, and Russian State Military Historical Archive. Another group of archives was formed and organised according to the format criterion. It comprises institutions storing photographs, recordings, and film footage. This archive group includes the Russian State Documentary Film and Photo Archive, the Russian State Phonographic Archive. There are two archives storing a specific type of records – technical documentation. These are the Russian State Archive in Samara and the Russian State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documents. Literature and art were assigned to a separate archive – the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art. The network of federal archives also includes an economic archive – the Russian State Archive of Economics. The final shape of the network was also largely determined by territorial factors, as in the case of the Russian State Historical Archive of the Far East. Records from the Far East, primarily documents of the General Governorate of Eastern Siberia in Tomsk, were separated and deemed an object requiring an autonomous archive. A separate archive was established to store records produced by the central administration of the Russian state in the period when Petersburg was the capital city. These documents are held in the Russian State Historical Archive. This decision was most likely motivated by the rule of limited territorial pertinence. Another consequence of systemic transformations was also the foundation of archives storing historical and contemporary records of institutions which were dissolved as a consequence of this process. These newly established units came to hold, among others, the records of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and its youth organisation. The function of the historical archives of the CPSU and concomitantly of the unit researching and analysing the party history was performed by the Institute of Marxism and Leninism. The records of the Institute came to form the foundation of the Archive of Contemporary History. In 1999, documentation centres were merged and transformed into archives. In case of some of these units, only the name was changed from “centre” to “archive,” while others were incorporated into previously existing archives. The archival network was formed on the basis of various criteria, which included both the contents and the formats of the records. The process of founding new archives followed the rule of provenance. Various steps were taken to ensure that archival fonds were not divided. However, it bears emphasising that in case of Russian archives, an archival fonds may consist in both records of a single institution or records of one of its organisational units, for instance the files of a department of a certain ministry. Changing the location of the seat of the Russian State Historical Archive of the Far East turned out to be a complicated endeavour. Not all files from the transferred archive reached their destination. The network of federal archives includes a group of documents considered particularly valuable and unique. Consequently, a number of federal archives have been assigned the status of institutions holding rare records of particular importance. These are the State Archive of the Russian Federation, Russian State Archive of Historical Records, Russian State Historical Archive, Russian State Military Historical Archive. The federal archival network encompasses records from all historical eras. Its structure has been shaped by such factors as various formats of recording information, types of documents, wealth of contents resulting from the large territorial span of Russia and later the USSR, and the importance of these states on the international forum. The information stored in the archival network constitutes an important source for researching the history of Russia and the world.

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Atatürk ve Mustafa Suphi Olayı

Author(s): Girayalp Karakuş / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

TBMM Hükümeti ile Sovyetler Birliği arasındaki ilişkilerin başlangıcı, Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Avrupa’nın yeniden düzenlenmesi sürecinde yer alır. Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Türk-İslâm coğrafyasındaki gelişmeleri Enver, Talat ve Cemal Paşa aracılığıyla takip etti. Bu süreçte Sovyetler Birliği’nin izlediği dış politika ikiye ayrılabilir. 1917-1921 ve 1921-1923 arası dönem. Birinci dönemde iç savaş koşulları hüküm sürerken ikinci dönemde devrimin ihraç edilmesi söz konusu olmuştur. Yani Doğu halklarıyla işbirliği süreci başladı. Sovyetler 3 Aralık 1917 tarihli kararıyla Doğu Müslümanları aleyhine yapılan bütün anlaşmaları tanımadığını beyan etti.

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Millî Mücadele Dönemi Anadolu Basınında Makalelerin Dilinden Birinci İnönü Muharebesi

Author(s): Mesut Yavaş / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Birinci Dünya Savaşı sona erdiğinde İtilaf Devletleri, içlerinde Osmanlı Devleti’nin de bulunduğu İttifak Devletleri ile imzalanacak barış antlaşmalarının şartlarını görüşmek üzere 18 Ocak 1919’da Paris’te bir konferans toplamışlardır. Konferansın 6 Mayıs’ta yapılan toplantısında, Yunanistan’ın İzmir’e asker çıkarmasına karar verilmiştir. Bundan sonraki süreçte hazırlıklarını tamamlayan Yunan birlikleri, 15 Mayıs 1919 sabahı İzmir’de karaya çıkmışlardır. Her ne kadar konferansta Yunanistan’ın işgal bölgesi İzmir Sancağı ile Ayvalık ilçesi olarak sınırlandırılmış olsa da ilerleyen süreçte Yunan Ordusu bunu vahşi bir işgale dönüştürmüş ve Anadolu’nun içlerine kadar ilerlemiştir. Yunanlıların bu ilerleyişi, kuva-yı millîye düşüncesinin doğmasını sağlamıştır. Batı Anadolu’nun farklı bölgelerindeki vatansever asker, esnaf, eşraf, aydın ve diğer yerel gönüllüler bölgelerinde kurdukları kuva-yı milliye birlikleriyle bu işgalleri durdurmaya çalışmışlardır. Bu bölgesel direnişlere rağmen karşısına çıkacak düzenli bir ordunun olmayışı Yunanlıların işini kolaylaştırmıştır, ta ki 1921 yılının Ocak ayına kadar. Diğer yandan Yunanistan’da yapılan 1920 seçimleri sonunda Megali İdea’nın aşırı savunucularından Başbakan Venizelos, iktidarı kaybetmiş ve ülkeyi terk etmiştir. Yurt dışında olan Kral Konstantin ise yeniden ülkesine dönerek tahta oturmuştur. Yeni Kral, kendisinin ve hükümetinin dış politikada Venizelos siyasetinin takipçileri olduklarını göstermek için Yunan Ordusu’na ilerleme emri vermiştir. Bunu yaparken aynı zamanda silah zoruyla Türklere Sevr Antlaşmasını kabul ettirmeyi de ummuştur. 6 Ocak 1921’de başlatılan Yunan birliklerinin ilerleyişi, 9-10 Ocak günlerinde İnönü mevzilerinde yaşanan muharebeler neticesinde durdurulmuştur. Türk Kurtuluş Savaşı’nın dönüm noktalarından biri olan Birinci İnönü Muharebesi’nde genç Türk Ordusu rüştünü ispat etmiştir. Elde edilen bu başarı yurtta sevinçle karşılanmış, zafere susamış halkın moralini yükseltmiş, Milli Mücadele hareketine moral ve motivasyon açısından çok ciddi katkılar sağlamıştır. Milli Mücadele Dönemi basını da yaşananlara duyarsız kalmamış ve bu başarıyı sayfalarına taşıyarak sevince ortak olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Birinci İnönü Muharebesi’nde elde edilen bu başarının, Milli Mücadele Dönemi Anadolu basınında nasıl yankılandığı makaleler üzerinden ele alınmış ve makalelerin dilinden verilmeye çalışılmıştır.

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Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Lise Ders Kitapları’na Göre Lozan Antlaşması

Author(s): Seher Akça / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

After the Greeks occupied İzmir on May 15, 1919, they started to advance towards Ankara from several directions. The Turkish Nation first tried to stop this progress with the Kuvâ-yı Millîye Organization, but it was unsuccessful. Thereupon, the Turkish Grand National Assembly was opened in Ankara on April 23, 1920. The Turkish Grand National Assembly established a regular army to stop the Greek advance. On the Western Front, the regular army won the First Battle of İnönü on 6-10 January 1921, the Second İnönü Battle on 23-31 March 1921 and battle of Sakarya on 13 September 1921. On August 26, 1922, under the command of Commander-in-Chief Mustafa Kemal Pasha, the Turkish Army launched the Great Offensive from Afyon and reached Izmir on September 9, 1922. Between 3-11 October 1922, The Mudanya Armistice was signed as a result of the negotiations held in Mudanya, a small town on the Marmara Sea. After the Mudanya Armistice, the Ankara Government and the representatives of the Allied Powers gathered for a conference in Lausanne. The Lausanne Peace Treaty was signed between the Ankara Government and the Allied Powers on July 24, 1923. With this treaty, the Ankara Government was officially recognized by the Western States. In this article, how the Treaty of Lausanne was made, what were the solved and unsolved problems in Lausanne, and what were the similarities and differences between the the Turkish Republic History textbooks, prepared for high schools by the Ministry of National Education in the years 1934, 1958, 1973, 1976 and 2000, have been examined in detail.

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Hâkimiyet-i Milliye ve Cumhuriyet (1919-1920)

Author(s): Girayalp Karakuş / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Batı’da düşünürlerin hemen hemen her şeyi tartıştığı felsefe ortamında Batı felsefesinin karakteristik özellikleri ortaya çıktı. Ludwig Feuerbach Doğu ve Batı medeniyetini şu cümlelerle izah eder: “Doğu bilgeliği birlik uğruna farklılıkların değerini düşürürken, spekülatif Batı felsefesi farklılıklar nedeniyle birliği unutur.” Farklılıktan birliğe giden düşünce yapısında her iki medeniyetin doğru bir sentezde buluşamadığı gerçeği var. Avrupa’da feodalitenin çöküşü, kilisenin siyasal nüfuzunu kaybetmesi ve birbiriyle çatışan Batılı krallar ve prensler otoritesi altında bölünmüş insanları ülke ve millet kavramı etrafında toplayan yani yeni bir kuruluş, siyasal bütünleşme, yeni ve değişik bir örgütlenme ortaya çıkmıştır. Bugünün milli devletlerin kuruluşu 15-16. yüzyıllar içinde ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır.

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The crimes of minors in the cases of the Royal court table in Osijek

Author(s): Dubravka Božić Bogović / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Author analyzes misdemeanors and crimes of younger minors, contained in criminal cases from the archive fund of the Royal court table in Osijek, which were conducted by the District court in Osijek from 1930 to 1945. Moreover, author has attempted to determine the patterns in which the social environment and family, proprietary, and other conditions have affected the offenders, and relate them to specific causes and motives. Similarly, the society’s response to misdemeanors and crimes is investigated through the analysis of sanctions and other measures were taken against underage offenders.

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STJEPAN RADIĆ U DJELIMA DR. FRANJE TUĐMANA

Author(s): Hrvoje Čapo / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Franjo Tuđman covered Stjepan Radić’s activities in most detail in the context of the history of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and in papers for the most part written in the 1960s. The papers basically approached their topics from the Croatian point of view and reconstructed the repressive system of Serbian centralist and hegemonist rule. It had been a novelty in historiography that introduced some new views on the matters in question, and his approach still holds its value today. Tuđman agreed with certain judgments about Radić that had already been made in historiography, but he also made a considerable headway in the understanding of his personality with his detailed study of Radić’s work. The detachment from the prevalent ideas of the time that saw the Croatian Peasants’ Party (HSS) as a party of landlords that had played its most important role in preventing clericalism among the peasantry, and that saw Radić as a naïve and opportunistic politician whose only concern was being in power, was certainly a considerable contribution on Tuđman’s part. Franjo Tuđman was particularly interested in the consistency of Radić’s fight for Croatian sovereignty, which had always rested on the idea about Croatia’s independence. Statehood options in Radić’s mind progressed from federalism to confederalism, depending on different political and historical contexts, but they had always been a part of the context of Slavic solidarity. In addition to their Pan-Slavism, Franjo Tuđman drew attention to two other important features of Radić and his HSS: the idea about a folk enlightenment movement with a broad basis in the peasantry, and the politics of peaceful resistance. Even though he felt some of Radić’s moves had been less than prudent, his overall judgment of Stjepan Radić was positive, mainly due to Radić’s commitment to Croatian sovereignty.

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Hrvatski propali pokušaji s kršćanskim socijalizmom

Author(s): Jure Krišto / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Following the Papal Encyclical Rerum novarum interest in social issues was raised in the Croatian lands, even though, due to weak industrialization in these lands, they were not yet ripe for such issues. Yet among Croats no great interest in Christian Socialism took root and that logically opens the question of why it did not, given that the population was overwhelmingly Catholic. The question is even more intriguing since within the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, of which the Croats were a part, Christian Socials were very prominent. Historians for the most part have been concerned with the unification of Christian Socialists with ‘Rightist’ organizations and parties. This is justified because of the fact that Christian Socialists did believe that party growth was possible by unification with ‘Rightists.’ It seems to me that despite this fact there is nonetheless room for a reconsideration of the development of Christian Socialists and the ideas of Christian Socialism. By pointing out the historical context in which Christian Socialists tried to affirm their position, this work attempts to come to a clearer understanding of the stages of development of the Croatian Christian Socialists, as well as to provide an answer to the question of why Christian Socialism did not spring to life among the Croats.

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Nova država, novi putevi (Predratni dalmatinski pravaši u političkim zbivanjima 1918.–1920. godine)

Author(s): Zdravka Jelaska Marijan / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The politics of national concentration in Dalmatia were initiated in 1918 by politicians from the Party of Right, the Croatian Party, and the Serbian Party. Leading roles were played by Ivo Prodan, Juraj Biankini, and Dušan Baljak. But their efforts later proved worthless. At the 2 July 1918 meeting in Split, the notion of national concentration adopted in Croatia-Slavonia by the group around the journal Glas SHS pre-dominated. This notion called for the dissolution of all previous political parties and the creation of a unified National Organization. In time, as the work of the National Organization attempted to remove all elected representatives from the political scene; the movement of national concentration turned into a farce. This situation was made worse because the Dalmatian Sabor was not called to sit. Thus, instead of equitable representation of all the previous political parties, only certain political groups were represented; this became especially evident during the selection of representatives from Dalmatia to the National Council of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs in Zagreb. Politicians from the prewar Croatian People’s National Party obtained far greater influence than they would have if more equitable representation had been made. An important role was also played by the ‘Rightist’ dissidents Mate Drinković and Ivo Krstelj. The core members of the Dalmatian Party of Right were ignored even though they were among the first who had voiced their support for the politics of national concentration. The Croatian Party also fared poorly, despite the fact that in prewar election results they were a leading party in the region. Neither did the cooption of certain prominent politicians in the National Council lead to a more equitable representation of delegates from various parties and groups from Dalmatia, while the core of the Dalmatian Party of Rights was totally ignored even then. A lack of consideration for the principle of equitable representation of all political forces was also evident during the creation of the Regional Government for Dalmatia at the beginning of November 1918.

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Žrec muslimanskog starčevićanstva: Munir Šahinović i sarajevska Muslimanska svijest o Anti Starčeviću i pravaštvu (1936.–1938.)

Author(s): Zlatko Hasanbegović / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Munir Šahinović Ekremov entered Sarajevo public life at the time of the 6th of January dictatorship as a young participant in the Muslim cultural, national and political scene, formed on the basis of Croatian (‘Rightist’) national thought during the Austro-Hungarian period. He expressed his political-national views in Sarajevo’s Muslimanska svijest (1936–1941), though they can be summarized in two elements: the demand for the indivisibility of Bosnia and Hercegovina and its administrative-political autonomy as long as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia perseveres as well as the promotion of cultural-national and social renewal of the Bosnian-Hercegovinian Muslims on the basis of the symbiosis of Islam and the legacy of Croatian national ‘Starčevićism.’

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