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The contents of this paper analyzes the relationship between morality, religion and commercial law through an interdisciplinary research of the issue. The approach of such a vast topic aims to provide a view that demonstrates the moral and religious foundation of commercial law.
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Freedom is inseparable from the knowledge of the laws. This is an idea that the article seeks to develop, showing the development of legal concepts during the modern era. A decisive factor for knowing and complying with legal laws is the education level within a social space. Social inequalities can be reduced only through knowledge and recognition of the rights and liberties of every social subject. Punishment balances the presence of justice in the relations between citizens. In the Romanian medieval legal language stands a proper term, that of common law. It deserves clarification in order to be distinguished from the legal norm and to trace its presence in the collective mind.
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The United Nations (UN) and European Union (EU) have as the common aim, the international peace restoration/maintaining, they could act together or separately, and sometimes complementary, for achieving this goal. Therefore, Security Council (SC) sanctions could be applied separately by EU Member States or solely by the EU, or concomitantly by the EU and its Member States.
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In order to individualize the personality of an individual in relation to another individual, the name of the physical person (surname and forename) must be used. The name is a component part of the usage ability as well as a non-patrimonial, civil, subjective right, presenting their characteristics. The name is a complex notion whose birth, historically speaking, represents primarily the result of a long usage, as any element related to language. The name becomes a legal concept, its structure and rules of assigning are the subject of the regulations, and not the name itself. The name is attached to privacy, as demonstrated in the first place by being a means of individualization of a person. The social, individual and family interest are all joined by name. Each of these interests are legitimate and an excess of one of them threatens the existence of the others. Humans can not be outside the legal life at no time.
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Any scientific intercession that has as objective, the understanding of the significances of the “principle of law” needs to have an interdisciplinary character, the basis for the approach being the philosophy of the law. In this study we fulfill such an analysis with the purpose to underline the multiple theoretical significances due to this concept, but also the relationship between the juridical principles and norms, respectively the normative value of the principle of the law. Thus are being materialized extensive references to the philosophical and juridical doctrine in the matter. This study is a pleading to refer to the principles, in the work for the law’s creation and applying. Starting with the difference between “given” and ‘constructed” we propose the distinction between the “metaphysical principles” outside the law, which by their contents have philosophical significances, and the “constructed principles” elaborated inside the law. We emphasize the obligation of the law maker, but also of the expert to refer to the principles in the work of legislation, interpretation and applying of the law. Arguments are brought for the updating, in certain limits, the justice – naturalistic concepts in the law.
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Theory and judicial practice represent unlimited source for the different situations that may arise in the course of the insolvency procedure.Problems have occurred in court practice in connection with the competition between several guaranteed creditors, which have entered mortgage on the same immovable property, as a general rule one of whom shall be also the budgetary creditor.It is clear that only if the budgetary creditor shall be entitled to one of the securities referred to in the Tax Procedures Code then we will be able to cover the existence of a budgetary receivable guaranteed in insolvency proceedings.
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In order to protect against potential abuses the person receiving medical services, often characterized by indifference, negligence and incompetence, it was necessary to implement more restrictive provisions regarding the liability of the doctor. Therefore, the control and supervision of medical profession - as a liberal profession, implies prosecuting the violations of the rules of professional ethics, medical ethics and the rules of good professional practice which mainly attract special law enforcement.That is why it must be given to the victim the opportunity to repair any harmful result, likely to affect the subjective rights or its legitimate interests.
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With the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty the EU has acquired new competences in the area of international investment. As the world’s biggest investor and recipient of foreign direct investment, the EU’s investment policy will have considerable impact on the future shape of international investment law. This article analyses the expected content of EU investment agreements including the scope of application, substantive standards, and dispute settlement by scrutinizing available EU documents and existing scholarship. As a special point of reference, the recently concluded investment chapter of the EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) is considered for possible wording and structure of future EU investment agreements.
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This paper addresses the issue of the appointment of members for the European executive, as a result ofchanges imposed by the Treaty of Lisbon. It envisages the double approval of the Commission by the EuropeanParliament, under Article 17 of the Treaty on the European Union: the European Parliament initially elects thecandidate nominated by the European Council for Presidency of the Commission; secondly, the Parliament approvesthe Commission as a whole. The procedure for electing the President of the European Commission is presented indetail in Article 117 of the Rules of Procedure of the European Parliament, while the procedure to approve theCommissioners by the European Parliament is extensively regulated by Annex XVI of the Rules of Procedure, inaccordance with Article 17 of the Treaty on European Union.
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The psychological “next to world” is the world of psychosis, a world parallel to surrounding reality. Persons suffering from psychosis often speak about the existence of “a second world”, which can be terrifying but also tempting. This is a world based on other principles than the ones of the world experienced on a daily basis. A description of that world is served by figures and symbols from the realm of culture – in the past these were mainly religious symbols, and at present they are the products of mass culture (such as the “world of Hogwart”). From the Freud era psychologists and psychiatrists tried to understand the narrations of their psychotic patents. Today, the attitude towards patients experiencing psychosis reveals two approaches. One is strictly biological and considers ”psychosis as an illness”, with all the consequences of this strictly medical method. The other regards psychosis to be a language that we may attempt to understand. The author of this text intends to demonstrate upon assorted examples the possibility of comprehending psychosis and the method of treating it based on dialogue and its Bakhtinesque “polyphonic quality”.
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The activity of the surgeons and the surgery station units at the primary hospital, called later Alexandrovska Hospital, in Sofia are profoundly explored and discussed. Most important attention is paid to the activity of the Swiss-born surgeon Dr. Karl Stirlin (1862–1928), a student of Prof. Kroenlein from Zurich, where he himself graduated medicine in 1886. He succeeded in the establishment of Alexandrovska Academy of Surgery, which the pioneer Bulgarian university hospital surgeons: Dr. Asen Petrov, Dr. Dimitar Mihaylovski, etc., and pioneer ortopaedic and trauma surgeons: Dr. Ivan Kojuharov, Dr. Hristo Tantilov, etc., have been tutoring at. New information concerning the activity and achievements of the tragically deceased Dr. Asen Petrov, chief of the first Department of Ortopaedics in Bulgaria (1910), is introduced in this article. The life and achievements of Dr. Nikola Nedkov – pioneer in Reconstructive Surgery in Bulgaria, have also been introduced.
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