V. Бедреддин и сефевидите
This article represent textual part of the book of Franz Babinger "Sheikh Bedreddin, the son of the judge of Simav"
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This article represent textual part of the book of Franz Babinger "Sheikh Bedreddin, the son of the judge of Simav"
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Although nowadays the output of Johann Baptist Schiedermayr is almost completely forgotten, in the 19th century the composer was widely recognized as an author of both sacred and secular music. His compositions were performed mostly in Central Europe, but it should be underlined that the preserved manuscripts display an impressive area in which he must have been known. There are thousands preserved sources that confirm his popularity in the past; therefore, it is disturbing as well as intriguing that Schiedermayr is usually overlooked by scholars investigating music of the early 19th century. In my paper, I present life of the composer, including existing literature that concerns this topic, and I make an attempt to reconstruct his output as hitherto no one have done it. It appears that Johann Baptist Schiedermayr was well-educated and played a crucial role in the musical life of Linz at his time. Besides his achievements as a musician, conductor and teacher, he composed a vast variety of musical pieces, although he focused mostly on church music. Based on the studies done so far, we can assume that he created hundreds of compositions presenting his excellent compositional technique as well as musicality; many of them were also printed. Nevertheless, further research is absolutely necessary in order to broaden knowledge of this brilliant persona and his oeuvre.
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The purely introspective philosophy, based on reasoning and that from centuries has analysed the mental activity of man needs the scientific research of brain, the only real method of objective investigation of the mental processes. I called this association ‘neurophilosophy’. In this paper, the cerebral processes involved in the knowledge of truth are described: he phenomenal analysis, the epistemic one, processes as thinking, judgement and consciousness.
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Alexandru Ciurcu was born at 29thJanuary 1854 inTransylvania (then in Austria-Hungary) where his Romanian parents took refuge after the 1848 revolution. Between 1876 and 1885, working as journalist in Bucharest, he invented a „jet cylinder”: a prototype of the future propulsion system he will make later in Paris with his friend Just Buisson. Ciurcu and Buisson tested the system on a boat, navigating upstream Seine River on 13thAugust 1886; so, 131 years ago, they tested the first manned vehicle ever powered by jet propulsion!On 12th October 1886, they received a French Patent for “Reactive propulsion system”.Before contract signing with French Civil Navigation Ministry, they made a last test on 16th December 1886; unfortunately, a pressurised container exploded, killing Buisson and anassistant. Ciurcu, wounded, survived. He later resumed testing the system on a railroad trolley; successfully, but not enough to develop an airship propulsion system.
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Is there a hidden reality that governs our Universe ? Wheeler, Bekenstein, Susskind, and ‘t Hoft, all of them renowned physicists,the latter being a Nobel laureate, sustain this concept. It is about a theory, recently set out by the four physicists mentioned before, the so - called Theory of the Holographic Universe that puts the information in the first place. Today, this theory is accepted by a group of physicists that is growing steadily, and that studies the String Theories. First, Stephen Hawking predicted that the „black holes”, which seemed to be swallowing everything, were manifesting their presence by emitting radiation with an extremely low temperature. If a black hole can evaporate, a most portion of the information it contains is lost forever, said Hawking.Later on, it was the turn of Leonard Susskind, one of String Theories’ founder, and ‘t Hoft, both of them working under Wheeler’s guidance, to state that Hawking radiation emitted by a black hole represents the support, material substratum that delivers information related to what is happening in such a hole. This information remains on the surface of a universe that is created through a Big Bang by that black hole (Bekenstein, Susskin, ’t Hoft). And, as a laser beam that passes through bi-dimensional symbols on a transparent surface will generate a tri-dimensional hologram, in the same way the information on the surface of a universe such as ours will generate, in an adequate way, within it, all tri-dimensional entities inside the universe.Juan Maldacena formalized this theory with an audacious mathematical conjecture. Briefly, here is the story of the „Holographic Universe”. The most important fact for us is that Mihai Drăgănescu's Ontological-Informational Model -very similar but not identical with the Holographic Universe Model- was formalized before the last one. And according to Drăgănescu's approach, the Theory of the Holographic Universe may be considered a particular case of the Ontological-Informational Modelas you will see in this paper later on.
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This paper presents a brief overview of the historical evolution of approaches to the design of structures for wind loads. The interdisciplinary nature of this field is noted, involving as it does elements of micrometeorology, extreme wind climatology, aerodynamics, wind tunnel testing, structural dynamics, aeroelasticity, structural reliability and, last but not least, structural engineering. Technological advances in the areas of simultaneous pressure measurements and “big data” processing are shown to have led to a new paradigm in the relation between the structural designer and the wind engineer, wherein the former is in full control of all aspects of the modern design process, referred to as database-assisted design.
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The article addresses the structure of scientific research in the context of the methodology of science. This goal is realized through the concrete material of physical theory, detailing the structure of scientific research and its elements; its process and the laws it obeys; its results, which leadthe process; its motives, e.g. the "driving forces" of research and the role of philosophy in the process.The paperexamines the theoretical phase of researches as a synthesis of the empirical and the speculative,in contrast to the existing literature that presents the opposition between theoretical and empirical research. The steps of knowledge of the objective laws in a particular area are analysed: the empirical research,the non-fundamental theoretical,the speculative, and the fundamental theoretical; this analysis allows the generalization of the patterns of scientific research. Particular attention is paid to the speculative research and its main elements. The“methodological mechanism” of formation of new fundamental conceptions in science is unravelled. The essence of this mechanism consists of some non-logical cognitive operations (idealization, choice of “Gestalt”, substitution, generalization). The knowledge of corresponding combinations of these operations made by the investigator facilitates the process of research, decreases the probability of errors in the scientific cognition.
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In opposition to the traditional studies on the history of various science, which tend to only insist on the evolution of scientific progress, the modern approach tries to link this evolution to the natural, economic and social environment in which the science evolves. Also, the evolution of various scientific disciplines is conceived as a discontinuous process, a result of successive paradigm shifts. Applying these principles to water resources engineering in Romania, the article assesses that, due to the economic and social changes which occurred in 1989, water management in Romania has encountered an anomaly which requires the definition of a new paradigm. The principles which should be applied in this exercise require adopting a holistic approach, designing an adaptive management based on the theory of complex adaptive systems and using transdisciplinary methods. For all practical applications, water resources engineering cannot be considered an independent discipline any more and requires all other related disciplines to be taken into account and joint solutions for all the involved branches of activity should be developed. The article presents various examples in which these principles have been applied in various countries to water related projects.
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The article introduces several unknown documents from the Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivleri – Istanbul about intentions of some Bulgarian colonists settled in Russia during the first half of the 19th century to re-emigrate in the Ottoman Empire in the 1870s. This disposition of Bulgarian colonists was mainly caused by the decision of the Russian authorities to recruit them to military service as a result of the reform which equalized the rights of foreign colonists to those of other Russian peasants (1871). Unlike other well-known cases of re-emigration of Bulgarians from Russia to the Ottoman Empire, this episode has remained so far out of the researchers’ attention. The documents are written in French and are part of the official correspondence of senior diplomatic officials in Odessa, Braila and St. Petersburg with the Ottoman Minister of Foreign Affairs. They are published in French and are accompanied by а Bulgarian translation and historical commentary.
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The author publishes in her article the marginal notes left by the hand of priest Bonne Stoychov of Belchin village. The notes are excerpted from three sources – “The Gospel of Enlightenment” (1856) and “New Testament” (1859) from the collection “Bulgarian Old Printed Books 1806–1878” of the National Library “St. St. Cyril and Methodius “ and from a book with an unknown title kept in a church in the village of Belchin. An attempt is made to present Bonne Stoychov as an author of marginal notes by his choice of topics in them and his appraisal of their value expressed in his decision to rewrite some of them. The presented source material gives an opportunity to outline the personality and the life path of a Bulgarian priest – Bonne Stoychov.
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Unpublished letter of Sofia Bishop Stefan to the regent of Yugoslavia Paul Karađorđević from 1938, reflecting the views of the Bulgarian cleric on the ideas of “Integral Yugoslavia” and the unification of the two Balkan states.
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V poslednjih letih sem pogledal veliko večino gradiva nemškega okupatorja v Sloveniji v raznih arhivskih in drugih zavodih. Razen še vedno nedostopnega gradiva iz 2. svetovne vojne v graškem in celovškem deželnem arhivu je tako mogoče prikazati vire o rasnih pregledih Slovencev pod nemško okupacijo v letih 1941-1945. O rasnih pregledih in ocenjevanju Slovencev pod nemško okupacijo sem pisal predvsem v svoji monografiji Raznarodovalna politika v Sloveniji v letih 1941-1945 (Založba Obzorja, Maribor 1968, v srbohrvaškem prevodu 1979). Nekaj dokumentov sem objavil v zbirki Quellen zur nationalsozialistischen Entnationalisierungspolidk in Slowenien 1941-1945 - Viri o nacistični raznarodovalni politiki v Sloveniji 1941-1945, ki je izšla pri isti založbi v Mariboru 1980. leta (dalje: Ferenc, Quellen). V tukajšnjem poročilu o virih objavljam tudi nov vir, ki sem ga dobil šele pred kratkim, torej po izidu omenjenih publikacij. [...]
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The professional activities of the clinical nurse are an important risk factor for the rise of infections due to medical service (IDMS), since a great part of them are due to direct contact with the patients.The basic hygienic care is part of the risky activities for the rise of infections, if it does not correspond to the standards of quality and safety.This study has shown a negative tendency to refuse to perform hygiene care, which poses a serious challenge to their optimization.The introduced alternative methods of hygiene for the severely ill in European hospitals, waterless bathing or dry bathing, significantly reduce the risk of infections, saves time, make the activity more attractive and increase the patients’ safety, comfort and satisfaction.
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In this paper I would like to develop the idea that there is a very clear distinction to be made between hysteria, on the one hand, and what psychoanalysis calls the feminine position, on the other hand. It is to the logic of the not whole that this feminine position corresponds, a logic that the hysteric subject contests at his/her turn. In this regard, hysteria is more close to a position attributed to men. What remains to be shown, in what follows, is what position the woman is in. If she does not exist, as the title of my paper suggests, then where is she?
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