Lokalisierung Europas in ostmitteleuropäischen Erinnerungskulturen

Author(s): Renata Sirota-Frohnauer / Language(s): German Issue: 01+02/2016

Die Tagung Lokalisierung Europas in ostmitteleuropäischen Erinnerungskulturen / Localizing Europe in Centra European Cultures of Memory, die von Ulf Brunnbauer, Marek Nekula und Thomas Wünsch vom 23. bis 25. Juni 2016 an der Universität Regensburg organisiert wurde, setzte sich zum Ziel, an konkreten Beispielen von Erinnerungskultur und -politik die europäische Dimension von Erinnerungskulturen in Ostmitteleuropa herauszuarbeiten, die deren Akteure im transnationalen Erinnerungskonsens verbinden wie auch – mit Blick auf lokale, regionale oder nationale Interessen – im Erinnerungskonflikt trennen. Eine Rolle spielen bei Konsens wie Konflikt auch funktionalisierte Repräsentationen Europas in den Narrativen und Ritualen, die in fünf Themenblöcken fokussiert wurden. Eingeführt wurde die Tagung durch den Keynote-Vortrag Zur Europäisierung von Erinnerungskulturen im Spannungsfeld widerstreitender Gedächtnisse von Christoph Cornelißen (Frankfurt am Main), in dem in einem großen Bogen und mit Blick auf unterschiedliche Regionen die Erinnerungskonkurrenzen und -konflikte sowie aktuelle Gefahren angesprochen wurden, die sich auf dem Weg zu europäischen Erinnerungskulturen auftun.

The Polish War dead at Brusand in Norway – Memories, trauma and the battle of memories

Author(s): Hans-Jørgen Wallin Weihe / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

In this article, I will address the controversies about symbolism and war memorials from the perspective of Polish veterans that chose to remain in Norway after the Second World War. Having a father that was active during the war I experienced his involvement with close Polish friends that had been part of the Polish forces fighting in the west. My father’s Polish friends were proud of their war effort none of them talked about post – traumatic experienced, but several were bitter about the fate of Poland after the Second World War and all of them had great distrust of the communist government in Warsaw.

From the History of International Economic, Industrial and Political Relations between Kazakhstan and Russian Federation (1991-1998)

Author(s): Gani Karasayev,Kanat A. Yensenov,Bolat Zhumagulov,Talgatbek M. Aminov,Krykbai M. Aldabergenov / Language(s): English Issue: 43/2019

In the era of globalization impact of the close relations between the countries in the political, economic, and other directions is important in the world development. From this point of view, within the first few years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the relations between the immediate neighbors of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation were formed and developed in all directions. The purpose of the article is to explore the peculiarities of relations between Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. Geopolitics also plays a key role in the location of the two countries in the valley of Eurasia. The implementation of all conditions based on the partnership between the two countries is beneficial for Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, which are located in different regions of the world, to establish mutually beneficial contacts in all directions. The study found that the results of international relations between Russia and Kazakhstan are multilateralism, various agreements, joint actions and mutual understanding in the main directions, arrangements and concrete actions for the solution of important issues. Proposed in 1994, by the President of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev the issue of the Eurasian Union is currently determining its relevance and yielding true results. The history of relations between Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation in the 90s of the ХХ century is based on valuable state documents and scientific data.

Architects as Memory Actors: Ruins, Reconstructions, and Memorials in Belgrade

Author(s): Gruia Bădescu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

This article examines the reshaping of Belgrade’s memorial landscape after the Second World War and after the 1999 NATO bombings, with a focus on the role of architects. As such, the paper shifts the scale of memory debates in two ways: first, from the national to the urban; second, from ‘classical’ memory entrepreneurs of the political realm to city makers, usually perceived as ‘technical’ actors, but, as the paper argues, in fact relevant memory actors both through the way they influence sites of memory and through memory debates. The article places the engagement of architects with narratives of heroism and victimhood in Serbia in a historical perspective, examining the shift in memorialisation after the Second World War. It then discusses the hesitant approaches on engaging with ruins of the 1999 NATO bombing, highlighting frictions between various actors in the Generalštab debate. Finally, it analyses the distinctive memorial engagement with the ruins of the Radio Television of Serbia (RTS) building by examining the bottom-up process of the competition for the RTS memorial. The article highlights that, even if not intentionally or by embracing memory-work, architecture and architects play a role in memory processes, while deeply enmeshed in constellations of political and economic power.

SPOMEN PLOČE U SVIJETU LITICA

Author(s): Stjepan Vukušić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/1982

»Nehaj-grad — Ultima Thule na drugom kraju svijeta. Na tri crna konaka nijedne spomen-ploče, spomen-kuće ni spomen-zabata. Da: pokoji znak o preranoj smrti. I samo jedan znanjem o šumama stekao pet redaka enciklopedijskih. Tu počinje kozmos, počinje Nomadi ja s arhajskim obzorjem biblijsko-deseteračkim. Da: bje i zvjezdani časak zastava... Jakost krša i krepke strmine. Okomcima strše crne smreke u koje slijeću crni kosovi. Dolje na modrini potopljenih mrtvaja bespokojne vrulje: oko njih otoci i grede u bijeloj kozmičkoj pustoši kao krajolici neke mrtve zvijezde.« (Burobran, str. 98 i 99)

Politics of Memory in Cities Divided by State Borders: Theoretical and Methodological Framework of Research

Author(s): Radosław Zenderowski / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2021

In the article the author attempts to outline theoretical and methodological framework used in analyzing the phenomenon of specific history politics in cities divided by state borders – places where sometimes radically different history narrations meet or even clash. The article is composed of three parts. The first one specifies the concept of history politics in nationwide dimension (“history politics”). The second part analyzes history politics in local dimension (“local politics of memory”). With reference to these two concepts – levels of history politics and politics of memory – the author indicates: goals, subjects, methods and tools of history politics/politics of memory. The final section of the paper aims at capturing the specificity of history politics in cities divided by state borders and indicating models of relations between different kinds of politics of memory in cities divided by state borders.

Lawrence L. Langer, The Afterdeath of the Holocaust

Author(s): Daniela Barb / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2021

The Afterdeath of the Holocaust, Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2021, 247 pp.

European Integration and Confrontations with the Communist Past

Author(s): John Gledhill / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2013

From Ad Hoc Measures to the Strategy of Facing the Past

Author(s): Vesna Teršelič / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2009

An assessment of the contribution of the amnesty process of the South African TRC to accountability and truth-telling

Author(s): Matthew Holliday / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2009

Evropske integracije i suočavanje sa komunističkom prošlošću

Author(s): John Gledhill / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2013

Radovi sećanja/Radovi na sećanju

Author(s): Louis Bickford / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2009

Učinak primene amnestije na odgovornost i kazivanje istine Južnoafričke komisije za istinu i pomirenje

Author(s): Matthew Holliday / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2009

Kuda od ad hoc mjera prema strategiji suočavanja s prošlošću?

Author(s): Vesna Teršelič / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2009

ЗАВАДИ ПА ВЛАДАЈ: КУЛТУРНО ПАМЋЕЊЕ СРПСКОГ НАРОДА У ПОЛИТИКАМА ИДЕНТИТЕТА ПОСТЈУГОСЛОВЕНСКИХ ДРЖАВА

Author(s): Vesna Đukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 180/2021

Since the identity policies of the post-Yugoslav states have been creating tensions domestically and internationally in the last two decades, the aim of this paper is to study and explain the causes that encourage antagonisms. We start from the assumption that these causes are related to models of identity policy and memory culture mediated by transnational media. This is because the essence of collective identity is in the consciousness of belonging, which should not be an obstacle to coexistence and good neighborly relations, as long as that consciousness does not imply the negation of the identity system of social groups living in the state. Thus we come to the policy of pluralization of identity as a public policy pursued by the state policy of cultural memory as a “social and cultural framework” of identity policy. In the absence of pluralization, culture is located on the scene of a struggle between different models of identity policies fueled by a densely intertwined network of transnational media. Their influence on public opinion formation comes from the realm of countercultural transculturalism and neoliberal globalism.

The Yugoslav Planting Campaign in Martyrs’ Forest 1952–1955: Symbolism, Rituals and Meaning

Author(s): Davor Stipić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

This article will try to examine the phenomenon of memorial forests and its role in the creation of Holocaust memory of the Jewish community in Yugoslavia. Our intention is to present the Yugoslav Jewish tradition of planting memorial forests and analyze its symbolical background. The Martyrs’ Forest in Israel will be used as an example of newly-founded place of remembrance, and considering that, the main aim of the article is to show, in comparison with other examples, what kind of symbolical rituals were used to provide a historical context and legitimacy for new memorials.

Сталинская добровольческая отдельная стрелковая бригада омичей-сибиряков: историописание и коммеморация

Author(s): A. V. Sushko,I. B. Nagaev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 40/2022

The article analyzes the history, historiography, and commemoration of the 75th Stalin volunteer separate rifle brigade of Omsk-Siberians. It explores three interrelated questions. First, how significant was Stalin’s name for the Omsk volunteers during the formation of the 75th brigade, and was it subsequently important for the soldiers and officers of the 65th Guards Division throughout its combat history? Second, how was the history of the Stalinist Siberian volunteers reflected in Russian historiography, and why do historians continue to replicate the Soviet times falsification of the name of the glorified part? Third, how did anti-Stalinist Soviet policy affect modern places of commemoration in Omsk? The study was carried out using military and party-state documentation, memoirs of brigade veterans, periodicals, and photographic documents. An analysis of these sources shows that Stalin’s name played a large role in mobilizing Omsk volunteers into the people’s militia during the formation of the 75th Stalin Volunteer Separate Siberian Infantry Brigade, which became part of the Stalin Siberian Volunteer Infantry Corps. Throughout the war, it was one of the main symbols that supported the steadfastness and heroism of the Siberian warriors who won the right to become the “Stalinist Guard” and proudly self-determined themselves in this capacity. Since Khrushchev’s times, in Russian historiography, the creation of the Stalinist people’s militia in Omsk has traditionally been hushed up or falsified, which has become a tradition for Russian historical science. The state of historical knowledge has determined that modern Omsk places of memory dedicated to the history of the 75th brigade do not fully bear the historical truth about it, continuing the one laid down in the time of N.S.Khrushchev’s tradition of falsifying history.

Legal Performativity: Recognition of the Armenian Genocide in the Czech Republic

Author(s): Gor Vartazaryan / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2022

Research on the political aspect of the recognition of the Armenian genocide has mostly focused on the realpolitik and its impact in terms of legislation and relations between political actors. A new dimension in research regarding the Armenian genocide occurred by presenting legal performativity within memory laws in France and Germany. Here, I build on the understanding that performative analysis may help us uncover the deeper circumstances of the recognition of the Armenian genocide, going beyond the classical dichotomy— recognition/nonrecognition. Th e case of the Czech Republic revealed the problem in the division of executive power regarding foreign policy between the government and the president. Furthermore, the analysis revealed the parliamentary instruments legitimizing the recognition of the Armenian genocide.

Historical politics as a tool of the ideological justification of Russian neo-imperialism

Author(s): Oleksandr Lytvynenko / Language(s): English Issue: S1/2022

A number of modern Russian political discourse provisions which consist of tendentious interpretations of Russian and Ukrainian history and which result in frank and systematic manipulation of historical memory have been analyzed. Their goals are to justify Russia’s aggressive policy towards Ukraine to prove and legalize the right to decide the fate of the Ukrainian people and to determine the vectors of the Ukrainian foreign policy. At the same time, they are aimed at discrediting the Ukrainian government and delegitimizing Ukrainian statehood as well as ultimately distorting and leveling Ukrainian national identity. The outdated concept of Ancient Rus as the cradle of “three brotherly peoples”, i.e. Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians, or its more archaic version about the existence of a single Russian nation, whose branches are actually Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians, is used. A component of this concept is the idea of Russia being the direct and sole legal heir of Ancient Rus, whose historical mission was and remains the gathering of ancient Russian lands, which include the lands of Ukraine and Belarus. Accordingly, the separate existence of the Ukrainian people, and hence their right to state independence, is either denied altogether or conditionally recognized, if they maintain inseparable ties with Russia and renounce the Western vector of foreign policy. Modern Ukraine is considered by the Russian authorities and the political establishment as “anti-Russia”, which has no right to exist.Attempts to apply the tools of the historical politics of the Russian Federation. In particular, it concerns historical education and memorial practices in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of the Donbas, where the territory temporarily is not controlled by Ukraine. These territories are also considered a model for similar measures used on temporarily occupied territories during the 2022 war.

Омразата помете много лидери

Author(s): Luben Genov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023