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The Association of Agricultural Conventions, an organization of the landed gentry in Eastern Galicia, was founded by Jan Emanuel Rozwadowski in 1907 in Lviv. To date, the association has not attracted considerable interest from history researchers, but the memoirs of one of its members, Karol Krusenstern, a landowner, entrepreneur and owner of the health spa in Niemirów, are a rich source of data about the organization. The presented fragment of Krusenstern’s memoirs provides the most important information on the association’s origins, goals, operations, achievements and key activists. The memoirs also serve as a unique source of knowledge about the Second Agricultural Club, a member of the association, where Krusenstern worked as a secretary. The analyzed source provides valuable information about the club’s members and the organized agricultural conventions. Krusenstern described the association’s relations with the Association of Landed Gentry Clubs and its efforts to establish contact with similar organizations operating in Galicia (such as the Galician Farming Association). The memoirs also describe the links between the association and the National Democracy political movement.
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The article analyzes the protests staged by Polish workers in December 1970 and their consequences. The author reflects on these events based on the book entitled The Crisis of December 1970 in the Light of the Documents and Materials Compiled by Władysław Kruczek’s Committee and the Testimonies of the Members of the State Apparatus, published on the fiftieth anniversary of the workers’ revolt. The protests were brutally put down by armed soldiers and the militia, and 45 workers were killed and 1165 were injured. These events were accompanied by a struggle for political power in communist Poland. A special committee headed by Władysław Kruczek was called into existence to investigate the events of December 1970 and the causes of the protests. The committee was active between March and November 1971. In its final report, the committee charged former communist leaders, Władysław Gomułka and Zenon Kliszko, with political responsibility for the crisis and the use of firearms against the protesters.
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