Le masculin et le féminin: de la mythologie universelle aux symboles linguistiques

Author(s): Emilia-Andreea MOTORANU / Language(s): French Issue: 39/2022

This article refers to the masculine-feminine opposition, starting from elements related to mythology to linguistic symbols. Starting from Greek mythology, which depicts the dynasty of deities, telling extraordinary adventures and which has not ceased to feed the imagination of artists for centuries. Throughout Greek and then Roman Antiquity, these stories evolved. Many contributions have been added, variations have been made according to places, times and the inspiration of the authors, new interpretations have constantly come to enrich an initial content. Bringing together elements of mythological and sociolinguistic research, my article presents how the collective mind has established that language, the words we use, is a cultural mirror, which symbolically fixes prejudices and stereotypes from the past.

PERFORMANCE-BASED BUDGETING IN THE DEFENSE SECTOR: ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ISSUES

Author(s): Ivan Okromtchedlishvili / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Today’s challenging, unpredictable, and volatile international security environment and recent developments in Ukraine require the states of Eastern Europe, especially those that are not members of powerful military alliances, to focus on strengthening the most important instrument of national power, military power, in order to be able to defend their national interests. Enhancing military capability is usually associated with an increase in funding for defense programs. However, having a significant defense budget does not guarantee security, and the main question is how efficiently and effectively defense funds are allocated to particular programs, projects, or activities. The way to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of managing defense funds is through the introduction of the performance-based (program) budgeting approach. At the same time, it must be kept in mind that programs cannot disregard the structure of the MOD departments and services, since budgets are implemented by allocating resources to organizational units to use for conducting activities aimed at producing outputs. In this paper, I proposed some structural changes in order to place the organizational structure of the MOD of Georgia on more of a “product line” basis; bring it more in line with the basic principles of management , and improve capability planning and program development processes.

SOCIAL MEDIA, PUBLIC OPINION, AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE

Author(s): Seth A. Kline,Jonathan D. Ritschel,Robert D. Fass / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Social media has become a powerful force. t exerts influence by shaping the public’s perceptions of various issues, including defense-related topics. Public opinion, in turn, has effects on war, military policies, and budgets. Thus, understanding the public discourse and associated sentiment on defense-related issues and identifying influencers in social media is important. Techniques such as text mining are relatively inexpensive and efficient means to achieve these objectives. This study employs these techniques to empirically analyze Twitter references to the United States Air Force (USAF) over a seven-month period and provide recommendations for potential changes to current USAF social media operations.

WHAT IS ROMANIA’S SECURITY PERSPECTIVE IN THE BLACK SEA REGION?

Author(s): Vlad Dumitrache,Maria Constantinescu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Russia’s recent aggressions against Ukraine have resurfaced the importance of NATO’s Eastern Flank. Modern capabilities with allied presence are considered essential in order to assure deterrence for not just Eastern Europe but for the entire continent. However, the actual areas that pose a risk and threat on the Eastern Flank have longed been deemed differently. For the Northern part of the Flank, around the Baltic Sea, due to Poland’s geopolitical agenda and the Baltic States' geographical position NATO has always considered strengthening this area a priority. Romania is part of the Eastern Flank but is situated in an area that has not always been considered a major strategic challenge, that of the Southern part of the Eastern Flank, around the Black Sea. The aim of this paper is to present Romania’s view to the importance of the Black Sea, from a political, military, and economic point of view, to analyze the country’s push during NATO summits for strengthening this area, and to understand what the future is for this region, after introducing the Black Sea area in the NATO Strategic Concept, following the NATO summit from Madrid.

LEADERSHIP PREREQUISITES, ACTIONS, AND STANDARDS OF BEHAVIOR IN CHANGE MANAGEMENT

Author(s): Aura Codreanu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The need for organizations to become agile in terms of their structure, people competencies, processes, and technology employed has been ascertained since the 2000 Agile Manifesto. The most recent developments around the world in recent years, namely a global pandemic dramatically impacting all walks of life and old ways of work, and a war repositioning power vectors and geo-strategic interests have made the requirements for focusing more on people and their interactions, finding working solutions to stringent problems, establishing collaborative relationships with major stakeholders and working with change rather than following a set plan even more prominent. Consequently, identifying and working adequately with key areas within an organization calls for a renewed interest in the role played by organizational leadership in managing change. All of the above considered, this article overviews leadership prerequisites as informed by a select number of traditional change models, revisits the actions required on behalf of leaders as informed by Kotter’schange model and briefly y identify es a number of change management principles which can be used as standards for measuring leadership behavior.

Медиите и комуникациите – изследователска традиция, публикуване, образование и развитие през последните три десетилетия

Author(s): Vesselina Valkanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

This edition of Media and Communications: a Research Bibliography 1990-2022 compiles and systematizes what has accumulated in the scholarly field and represents the first thematic bibliography of scholarly publications by university professors and researchers in Bulgaria on specific topics - communication, media, journalism, public relations and publishing. For the first time, thanks to the professionalism and great efforts of the author and compiler of the bibliography - Assoc. Prof. Dr. Milena Tzvetkova, the perimeter of the scientific basis for the training of journalists and other media and communication professions in Bulgaria from the beginning of democracy through 1990 to 2022.

Увод към библиографията

Author(s): Milena Tsvetkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

For the first time we will outline the perimeter of scholarly work in communication and media scholarship in Bulgaria from the beginning of democracy in 1990 to the present 2022 г.We offer a bibliographic corpus of the more significant results of the scientific of the research, expressed in three publication formats - collections, monographs, studies and articles.These works are not only the visible result of our work as scholars during the years. They have had and continue to have a significant impact on higher education, on research, on the professions, on political decisions, and on shaping the public image of media and communications among the lay readership.

Библиография 1990–2022

Author(s): Milena Tsvetkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

This publication is the first topical bibliography of the scientific publications by university scholars and researchers in Bulgaria regarding the specific topics of Communication, Media, Journalism, Public Relations and Publishing. For the first time since the beginning of democracy in 1990 the scientific foundations for the education of journalists and other media and communication professions in Bulgaria has been outlined. It should be noted that in all former socialist countries in Europe the period after 1990 is considered as the more significant one in the field of journalism training.

Museums of Communism. New Memory Sites in Central and Eastern Europe.

Author(s): Claudia-Florentina Dobre / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

Review of: Museums of Communism. New Memory Sites in Central and Eastern Europe. Edited by Stephen M. Norris. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2020, 434 p.

Natkirurg Johann Bönisch i njegovo pismo supruzi Juliji s ratišta 1849. godine

Author(s): Dubravko Habek,Ivana Horbec / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 16/2022

The paper presents professional and personal information on head surgeon Johann (Ivan) Bönisch, who was active in Bjelovar as hospital surgeon and district physician. He worked as head surgeon with permanent office in both regiments belonging to Bjelovar – first in Đurđevac, and later in Križevci. The paper includes the integral letter Bönisch sent to his wife Julia in translation from the German language. The letter was written in 1849 in the Sirmium battlefield, where he worked as battalion surgeon. Using emotional literary expression, he offers information on army activities, and sanitary and military circumstances in battlefields in the mid-19th century.

Perspektywy i wyzwania reintegracji Górskiego Karabachu z Azerbejdżanem Omówienie pracy Liberated Karabakh. Policy Perspectives by the ADA University Community, eds. F. Ismailzade, D. Krnjević Mišković, ADA University Press, Baku 2021, 274 ss.

Author(s): Rafal Czachor / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2022

Recenzja książki: Kinga Smoleń, Geostrategiczne położenie Turcji w XXI wieku, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, Lublin 2020, 389 ss.

Author(s): Bartosz Wróblewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2022

Recenzja książki: Dziedzictwo Józefa Piłsudskiego i Symona Petlury. Przeszłość, teraźniejszość i przyszłość partnerstwa Polski i Ukrainy, red. W. Baluk, J. Makar, M. Doroszko, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, Lublin 2021, 386 ss.

Author(s): Michał Włodarczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2022

„Odrażające” kobiety z klasy robotniczej

Author(s): Barbara Ehrenreich,Deirdre English / Language(s): Polish Issue: 45/2022

The text is an excerpt from the book Complaints & Disorders. The Sexual Politics of Sickness, which is a continuation of the monograph Witches, Midwives, and Nurses. The authors try to prove that medical history was tainted with sexism, doctors consistently treated working-class women as a hotbed of disease, and rulers used Darwinism to introduce sexist and classist practices.

Digital leadership at universities – a systematic literature review

Author(s): Sabina Ratajczak / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The environment in which organisations (including universities) operate is increasingly enforcing digital transformation, the success of which depends not only on the technology to be implemented but also – and in particular – on the human factor. Leaders play a major role in guiding the organisation through the change process. This article attempts to synthesise researchers’ scientific pursuits to date when it comes to digital leadership at universities. The purpose of this work is to evaluate and synthesise the published literature referring to digital leadership at universities and to identify future directions for research on academic digital leadership. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in order to identify the state of the art and to integrate and synthesise the existing body of literature on this topic. The research was undertaken based on two main databases: Scopus and Web of Science. In line with the selection stages and criteria adopted, 20 articles were subjected to the final analysis. Keyword mapping was carried out as part of the review, which made it possible to create three clusters. The first cluster combines leadership with the area of digital competence building, the second cluster focuses around digital transformation at universities, and the third cluster is related to digital leadership, namely the characteristics of digital leaders. The results of the analysis combined with the rapidly increasing popularity of topics related to digital transformation in its broadest sense demonstrate that the contemplated research field is in the early growth phase and requires further exploration.

Beyond epistemic concepts of information: The case of ontological information as philosophy in science

Author(s): Paweł Polak / Language(s): English Issue: 73/2022

This review article discusses the book of Roman Krzanowski, Ontological Information: Information in the Physical World, which is published by World Scientific. Krzanowski’s book makes a very important contribution to the contemporary discussion about the nature of information. The author analyzes the concept of ontological information and its uses in the works of scientists from various disciplines, resulting in an innovative and inspiring analysis that every philosopher involved in the philosophy of information should read.

Why is neuron modeling of particular philosophical interest?

Author(s): Paweł Polak / Language(s): English Issue: 73/2022

This review article discusses Andrzej Bielecki’s book Models of Neurons and Perceptrons: Selected Problems and Challenges, as published by Springer International Publishing. This work exemplifies “philosophy in science” by adopting a broad, multidisciplinary perspective for the issues related to the simulation of neurons and neural networks, and the author has addressed many of the important philosophical assumptions that are entangled in this area of modeling. Bielecki also raises several important methodological issues about modeling. This book is recommended for any philosophers who wish to learn more about the current state of neural modeling and find inspiration for a deeper philosophical reflection on the subject.

Is AI case that is explainable, intelligible or hopeless?

Author(s): Łukasz Mścisławski / Language(s): English Issue: 73/2022

Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland This article is a review of the book Making AI Intelligible. Philosophical Foundations, written by Herman Cappelen and Josh Dever, and published in 2021 by Oxford University Press. The authors of the reviewed book address the difficult issue of interpreting the results provided by AI systems and the links between human-specific content handling and the internal mechanisms of these systems. Considering the potential usefulness of various frameworks developed in philosophy to solve the problem, they conduct a thorough analysis of a wide spectrum of them, from the use of Saul Kripke’s work to a critical analysis of the explainable AI current.

Czy polska szkoła tłumaczy? O tłumaczeniu w nauczaniu języka niemieckiego jako obcego w polskich szkołach ponadpodstawowych [Hartwich, Patricia (2020). „Übersetzen im Unterricht Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Sprachwechselbasierte Aktivitäten im Deutschun

Author(s): Magdalena Maziarz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 13/2022

Działalność publiczna podkomorzego koronnego Kazimierza Ludwika Bielińskiego w świetle jego listów do Jana III

Author(s): Zbigniew Hundert / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

The article presents the political activity of Kazimierz Ludwik Bieliński (c. 1660–1713), which emerges from his letters to King Jan III written between 1692 and 1695. The study is based on seven, mostly unknown, Bieliński’s letters sent to the king and preserved in the Oława Sobieski Archive in the National Historical Archive of Belarus in Minsk. The article ends with a critical edition of these letters published in an appendix.