SUBSTANCE ET ESSENCE, ENTRE ARISTOTE ET THOMAS D’AQUIN

Author(s): Enrico Berti / Language(s): French Issue: 18-19/2021

The article shows that Thomas Aquinas in many of his works (De ente et essentia, Summa theologiae, Sententia in Aristotelis Metaphysicam) interprets the passage Aristot. Metaph. II 1, 993 19‑31, as expounding a theory of degrees of truth and of being, which is not the true Aristotelian doctrine. This is due to the fact that he interprets «the eternal things», mentioned by Aristotle in that passage, as the heavenly bodies, and their principles as the unmoved movers, while Aristotle is speaking of the eternal truths, i.e. the truths of scientific knowledge, and of their principles, which are the axioms. The origin of Thomas’ interpretation is the commentary by Alexander of Aphrodisias, which Thomas knew via Averroes.

Bernardo Bertolucci film “Konformist” Nõukogude Liidus: kuidas loob tsensuur uue teose?

Author(s): Tiina Hoffmann / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 16/2019

The article analyses Bernardo Bertolucci’s screen adaptation (1970) of Alberto Moravia’s novel “The Conformist” in comparison with the censored version of the film released in the Soviet Union in 1976. Attention is paid foremost to the dubbed Russian version’s visual cuts and translation shifts, which amount to the creation of a new, castrated version that is approximately 30 minutes shorter than the original film and that ideologically corresponds to the then-dominant Soviet discourse of representing fascism. The article demonstrates how in this new, censored version where Bertolucci’s complex narrative is transformed into a linear narrative (that surprisingly makes it closer to the original novel by Moravia), the characters’ psychological inner worlds and Bertolucci’s storyworld conveyed through images, sounds and language have become lost in translation.

Rreth veprës “Këngëtorja arbëreshe” të Françesk Anton Santorit

Author(s): Anton Nikë Berisha / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 38.1/2019

Vepra e shkrimtarit arbëresh, Françesk Anton Santorit, Il canzoniere albanese-Këngëtorja arbëreshe, më shumë se çdo vepër tjetër e tij, të ballafaqon me dukuri të natyrës teorike dhe të shtjellimit të veçantë shprehës poetik të tekstit. [...]

Eradicating Illiteracy in the Rural Masses during the Great War: The Newspaper Il Piccolissimo

Author(s): Claudia Camicia / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2020

This study analyses a unique Italian publication linked to a wider project aimed at eradicating the illiteracy of the rural masses. Il Piccolissimo (1917–1919), a magazine written for children in the agricultural area around Rome, informed them about the Great War and educated them about better values and the importance of making savings. This cultural project, conceived and edited by Giovanni Cena and other intellectuals of the time, also envisaged the establishment and management of rural schools and infirmaries to provide children with a better and healthier life. In Italy, during those years, the magazine Il Corriere dei Piccoli was published to entertain and educate children of the middle and upper classes, while Il Piccolissimo sought to develop an awareness of social responsibility in the poor and hardworking children of the countryside. By examining its contents, graphic layout, iconic language, and educational aims we intend to highlight how the type of childhood it targeted acquired unprecedented social visibility in Italy.

SERCE EDMONDA DE AMICISA W TŁUMACZENIU MARII KONOPNICKIEJ – ANALIZA WYBRANYCH FRAGMENTÓW

Author(s): Małgorzata Kapusta / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02/2021

The subject matter of this paper is the language and stylistics of selected fragments of „Serce” (“Heart”), a children’s novel by Edmondo de Amicisa in the 19th-century translation into Polish by Maria Konopnicka. With reference to selected translation theories, the conducted analysis covers the strategy adopted by the translator, that is one consisting in familiarising the Polish reader with foreign realities while preserving their originality and “foreignness” (i.e. the simultaneous “domestication” and “foreignisation”). This determines the faithfulness and up-to-dateness of her translation, re-editions of which have been published to this day as it is appreciated for its rich language and accurate rendition of the original style. Due to the similarity to her own writing technique, the translator appropriately reflects the nature of the work, enriching it with elements of school jargon and colloquial language. Despite the presence of archaisms, Konopnicka’s language has remained comprehensible to the contemporary reader.

Epika shqiptare dhe ajo italiane

Author(s): Xhovani Bronxini / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 01al/1984

«Rrallëherë në letërsinë botërore shfaqet një gjini artistike e përbashkët për shumë popuj si balada e shekujve XIII-XVI. Shumica e popujve evropianë kanë caktuar një pikëpjekje në terrenin e baladës». Kështu shprehej A. Heusler më 1922.

PIKËTAKIME MES MARTIN CAMAJT DHE GIUSEPPE UNGARETTI‐T

Author(s): Anxhela Lepuri / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 50/2020

The main goal of this paper is to evoke and raise the importance of the Martin Camaj’s literature. Secondly, to find common ground between him and the Italian poet Giuseppe Ungaretti, to study the hermetic influence on Camaj’s poetics, highlighting the aesthetic mastery in obtaining these interesting and complex elements, which Camaj manages to adapt to his own art. This approach of Camaj’s poetics to that of Ungaretti is non accidental, recognizing the wide influence that the Italian hermetics led by Ungaretti had in the early twentieth century.

Echi della battaglia della Piana dei Merli (1389) nella storiografia e nella cultura italiana

Author(s): Francesco Saverio Perillo / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2021

On June 15, 1389 Serbian troops and their allies were defeated by the Turks on the Kosovo field. Many valiant Christian fighters and the Serbian prince Lazar Hrebljanović, who was sanctified by the Orthodox Church, fell in the battle. The disaster of the Christian army paved the way for the Ottoman invasion of the Balkan Peninsula, but the defeat assumed the value of a myth for the Serbian people, which accompanied their existence over the centuries as a model of sacrifice and love of the country.

HYBRIDIZATION OF TYPES OF SOCIALLY MARKED VOCABULARY IN MODERN ITALIAN FICTION

Author(s): Kristina Bumar,Nataliia Filonenko / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The article explores trends towards mixing of socially marked vocabulary and the use of its hybrid types in modern Italian fiction text. The objective of this research is to highlight modern trends in the use of socially marked vocabulary in modern Italian prose fiction as well as the possibility of determining whether specific lexical belong to the certain types of socially marked vocabulary. The article employs complex methodology engaging both general scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, and linguistic methods, namely descriptive method, component analysis in its extrapolation concerning the issue of defining various kinds of socially marked vocabulary in lexical units. Writers employ socially marked vocabulary in modern Italian fiction prose in order to create imagery and it is represented by dialects, jargon, colloquial vocabulary, vulgarisms, obscene vocabulary, youth slang. Lexemes of these types are often combined thus forming hybrid lexical units and rendering it impossible to determine their belonging to just one type of socially marked vocabulary. The author makes the decision concerning the choice of such lexical units depending on the qualities of characters or narrators as well as in search of an original writing style. Modern Italian fiction prose writers saturate their texts with socially marked vocabulary, which nowadays can be considered part of the literary language. The boundaries between different types of socially marked vocabulary in modern Italian have become blurred as evidenced their blended use in fiction.

Il latino fra linguaggi specialistici e usi comici nelle novelle di Matteo Bandello

Author(s): Corina Anton / Language(s): Italian Issue: 2/2024

In the 16th century Italian novella, the presence of different languages is part of a poetics in which variety is assigned a central position. Matteo Bandello’s novelle contain words and sentences in Spanish, French, several regional variants of the vernacular and especially in Latin. In the examined corpus, a distinction is to be made between a specialized use of Latin as providing the legal and ecclesiastical terminology of the time and a comic use of Latin in contexts where erroneous or misunderstood phrases lead to a hilarious situation. Therefore, the use of Latin enables stylistic variations, from a high register to a popular and familiar tone.

“La Sinagoga degli zingari” di Ben Pastor, un giallo storico multiculturale

Author(s): Gabriela E. Dima / Language(s): Italian Issue: 2/2024

Italian writer with US citizenship, the author who signs with the pseudonym Ben Pastor, writes her novels in English and has them translated into Italian by professional translators. Her bilingualism is completed by an interest in history which also presupposes the study of different nations. Her protagonist, Martin von Bora, is an investigator for the German army's secret service during the Second World War, speaks various languages and participates in various military campaigns, coming into contact with allies and enemies of different nations. The action of The Gypsy Synagogue takes place during the best-known moment of the conflict in Russia, the battle of Stalingrad. The German officer must solve the mystery of the assassination of a couple of Romanian scientists and therefore his investigation leads him into contact with German, Romanian, Russian, Hungarian and Italian soldiers and politicians. This present paper analyses the way in which the various nations part of the military conflict are presented in the novel. Even if there famous stereotypes about the nations to which the characters belong are present (Italians, for example, are called “spaghetti-eaters” by the Germans), the author uses them to make fun of the simplistic and often wrong perception of other nations, underlining both their true particularities and the universality of the human being.

On the beat. La ricezione letteraria di Jack Kerouac nell’opera di Pier Vittorio Tondelli

Author(s): Christoph FLECHL / Language(s): Italian Issue: 2/2024

In countless texts by Pier Vittorio Tondelli, the journey is a central literary motif. Since the literary work of the American author Jack Kerouac exerted a strong fascination on the Italian, the question arises as to what extent the aforementioned motif can be traced back to intertextual references to On the Road. To answer the research question, Tondelli's critical engagement with the beatnik was demonstrated on the one hand. In addition, a section deals with the conception of the travelling motif. In particular, the different ideas that the Italian writer associated with the journey played a central role. Finally, Altri libertini and Camere separate were analyzed about the travel motif. It was shown that both works have intertextual and hypertextual relationships that can clearly be traced back to Jack Kerouac.

‘Prologu’ i këngëtores arbëreshe I F. A. Santorit, i shqyrtuar përmes prurjeve teorike dhe koncepteve të përpunuara në analizën e diskursit dhe pragmatikën letrare

Author(s): Tomorr Plangarica / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 03-04/2021

The aim of this paper is to show the importance of the viewpoints, methodologies and refined concepts of the speech sciences, respectively for the discourse analysis, text semantics and, linguistic and literary pragmatics in reviewing, assessing and reinterpreting a literary work. In the focus of this study is “The prologue” of the “The Arbëresh singer” from A.F. Santori, the first literary work of the author, written in his early youth, but which has remained representative of his large literary and cultural corpus. Starting with a holistic overview of this heritage, the review passes in the shape of concentric circles from the wider space that includes several distinct features of the work in general, towards the peculiarities in the creative process of “The Arbëresh singer”, to finally focus on the “Prologue” of “The Arbëresh…”, as an introductory passage of a metatextual nature, and one of the keys for analyzing, interpreting and reinterpreting the whole work “The Arbëresh…”. This reviewing and interpreting approach concentrates on entities and categories such as discourse, text, metatext and metatextual function, constituent/initial discourse, author (and its components biographical oneself/individual, writer, enunciator or textual being), or concepts such as paratopic, enunciation stage, discourse ethos, etc. These categories and concepts of the analysis, contribute in the reinterpretation of the literary work and enable the today’s reader to better assess the literary and cultural heritage of the author, the one published at his lifetime and the one disclosed later, in order to give the appropriate and deserved praise to the large corpus of the literary and cultural works of F. A. Santori.

Fishta dhe himnet e shenjta të Manzoni-t

Author(s): Alva Dani / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 03-04/2023

Gjergj Fishta's translations are a priceless contribution for the time when they were produced and an argument of great interest that deserves to be expanded and analyzed these days. Alessandro Manzoni, an Italian romantic novelist and poet, was one of the greatest writers that Fishta studied and translated at a young age. The selection and youthful passion to translate Manzoni, his poetics and psychology, as well, was not fortuitous. Inside this Italian classic writer, our national poet found a worthy representative of romanticism, a writer with a strong religious faith and a poetic philosophy that would leave a sign and would inspire him not infrequently during his poetic creativity. The translation of the Inni sacri (Sacred hymns) shows that Fishta belongs to those translators who remain faithful to the content and style of the author preserving without any compromise the soul of the poem and the poet. Even though at a young age, Fishta already had the passion of a great poet, the deep sensitivity to capture even the smallest shades of meaning, which often derive from stylistic techniques or sound combinations between words or verses.

LE DÉCRYPTAGE DES FORMULES EXPRESSIVES EN FRANÇAIS, POLONAIS ET ITALIEN – ÇA TOMBE BIEN !

Author(s): Monika Grabowska / Language(s): French Issue: 5/2024

WARIANTYWNOŚĆ TERMINOLOGICZNA WE WŁOSKIM DYSKURSIE DZIENNIKARSKO-SPORTOWYM NA PODSTAWIE DZIENNIKA „LA GAZZETTA DELLO SPORT”

Author(s): Anna Godzich,Szymon Machowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 8/2024

The article aims at showing the terminological variability of Italian soccer vocabulary based on a corpus of terms that belong to the lexical field of human food. They have been excerpted from the 2022 and 2023 Internet editions of the most widely read Italian sport magazine La Gazzetta dello Sport. The research will be conducted with reference to a terminological sphere defined as a terminological subsystem consisting on average of several or a dozen or so lexicons bound by direct semantic relationships. As part of the research, each terminological variant will be discussed with regard to appurtenance conditions that it needs to fulfill in order to be included in the Italian soccer language. As regards Italian soccer phraseologisms, they might be analyzed as language utterances and simultaneously considered to be terms, i.e. units of terminology as they are widely accepted by language users as terms existing in various specialized activity domains in the form of words or word groups. At the same time, these terms represent a professiolect defined as a technolect. This is all accompanied by various types of methodology applied to the description of Italian multiword idiomatic expressions by reconstructing their grammatical, lexical or logico-conceptual structure and analyzing their functioning as language units inherent in the language process.

The Binomial of Time and Space in the Novel “The Name of the Rose”

Author(s): Eriola Çoçaj / Language(s): English Issue: 31/2024

The novel The Name of the Rose is one of the most renowned novels from the late 20th century. The plot captivates the reader, who follows the secrecy and mystery presented through two main categories: time and space. Time and space, in relation to each other, function as a binomial that sometimes stands in a cause-and-effect relationship and at other times coexists. The author plays with the concept of time by placing the 20th century reader in front of a plot set in the Middle Ages, narrated retrospectively. He attributes religious characteristics to time to connect it then with space, which takes on deep connotative meanings, transitioning from denoting the relief to a space of function. These two categories will be deconstructed through a theoretical (analytical) method, enabling an approach to the novel’s deep structure. On the other hand, the timespace relationship will be analysed through the method of synthesis, offering as objective an approach as possible to the treatment of the novel.

Deconstruction of semi-Orientalism and Balkanism in the Autobiographical Prose of Enzo Bettiza and Grytzko Mascioni

Author(s): Katarina Dalmatin / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The paper analyses the ways of deconstructing some dominant elements of semi-Orientalist and Balkanist discourse (as defined by Nino Raspudić and Maria Todorova) in the autobiographical prose of Enzo Bettiza and Grytzko Mascioni of the late 20th century. In the context of Bettiza’s deconstruction of Balkan myths about the causes and nature of the war in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 1990s in Esilio (Eng. The Exile), the paper focuses on his analysis of the role of the negative perception of elements of the Ottoman heritage in the creation of the ideological framework of the Greater Serbian ideology, as well as on the different functions of depicting Dalmatian hill people (Vlaji) in Esilio compared to those that motivated the depictions of Morlachs in the Italian semi-Orientalist tradition of the late 20th century. In the novel Puck by Grytzko Mascioni, the distancing from the Adriatic semi-Orientalist discourse is manifested in the refusal to attribute the cultural achievements of Dalmatia exclusively to Venetian and Italian influence, and in the privileged position of Dubrovnik in the representation of Croatian and Dalmatian identity. The detachment from semi-Orientalism in Puck takes the form of a strong intertextual dialogue with the birthplace of this discourse – Alberto Fortis’s Travels into Dalmatia.

“Give your love full rein”: Mandragola, (Homo)Sexuality and Princely Virtue

Author(s): Davorin Žagar / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2024

This article provides an alternative, sexual reinterpretation of Machiavelli’s Mandragola from an alternative sexual perspective focusing on sodomy (in its sixteenth-century meaning), and especially male-male sexuality. In this reading, Messer Nicia is, put in today’s terms, a homosexual and, at the same time, surprisingly enough, the key, princely character in the play. Dri ven by a desire to establish a new, less oppressive familial order, Nicia is able to renew his corrupted family by means of a conspiracy aimed at liberating Lucrezia’s sexuality from the restraints of the dominant morality. Mandragola constitutes an intrinsic part of Machiavelli’s political project, showing how the explosion of sexual desire beyond the confines of dominant heteronormative morality can serve as a productive way of expressing plebeian desire not to be oppressed and commanded by the great, which proves beneficial to all.

Potocki in Italia. Breve storia editoriale del Manoscritto trovato a Saragozza

Author(s): Isabella Mattazzi / Language(s): Italian Issue: 15/2024

Jan Potocki’s fortune in Italy appears to be inextricably intertwined with a pivotal chapter in our publishing history. As for the various Italian translations of the Manuscrit trouvé à Saragosse – his seminal work which effectively consolidated his position in the canon of European literary history – to date, no cataloguing work has yet been done. This essay attempts to bridge this gap and aims to present a comprehensive overview of the Italian editorial landscape pertaining to this author, offering a nuanced examination of the available resources.