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The process of building and developing the armed forces of the Republic of Bulgaria is key to ensuring the country’s national and collective defense in the context of NATO and EU membership. The report proposes an exemplary structure of an inter-institutional organization under the Council of Ministers for the implementation of continuous and purposeful activity of the state in guaranteeing the country’s defense policy through the development of the defense capabilities of our armed forces.
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Introduction. The article examines the problem of informatization of a globalized society. The purpose of the study is to summarize the ideas about the ‘constants’ and ‘variables’ of modern university education as a self–organizing system actively involved in the processes of digitalization. Materials and Methods. In order to achieve the research aim, a thematic review of Russian and international studies on the issues of informatization of a globalized society has been conducted. The study involved a comparison of alternative points of view reflected in the works by B. Readings, P. Cramer, etc. The analysis of existing theories of the information society has been carried out. Results. Reviewing the results of Russian and international studies has shown that the world picture today is structured predominantly by the modern media, while most globalizing trends are becoming less and less manageable. The history of philosophy frequently addresses the problem analysis of such paradigmatic shifts which arise implicitly and take shape in emergence. The article discloses the authors’ understanding of ‘constants’ and ‘variables’ in contemporary university education as a self-organizing system that is rapidly undergoing an intensive process of digitalization. A traditional European university typically demonstrates its ‘aura of age’. The questions are: ‘To what extent is the structure of consciousness influenced by the development of digital resources and by outsourcing the functions of academic word and of individual memory to external digital data media?’; ‘To what degree can production of university knowledge act as an intellectual practice and determine the independence of thinking?’ The problem of establishing the topic of academic engagement and interaction in online formats is considered to be debatable. The authors show that today individuals as subjects of cognitive activities find themselves in a situation where they face value choices, which, in their turn, determine the prospects and the potential of cultural development. Mnemonic operations are to longer perceived as the art of memory. This problem attains special significance during the process of building humanitarian education within the system of electronic communication. One cannot claim categorically that individuals cease to think structurally when they relay the function of storing information to digitized sign systems as a universal resource. Conclusions. The conducted research allowed the authors to conclude that the development of digital technologies as a means of fulfilling social interests means positioning the idea of ‘digital equality’ as the main social asset. This has stimulated establishing cardinally new directions in humanities research. At the same time, the need in relevant and timely connections between the concepts of infogenesis and semiosis is seen today as one of the most current issues in world paradigm problems.
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Changes in social life at the moment have caused changes in all areas of human activity. As a result of these changes, the conditions and the learning process in the educational institutions of the country are changing. E-learning and e-learning platforms have replaced classroom learning. In this article, we consider issues related to the peculiarities of teaching a foreign language in an electronic environment and the opinions expressed by students in relation to synchronous and asynchronous learning in an electronic educational platform.
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The planning, control and implementation of logistics support in modern combat operations will provide a significant impact on the preparation and full-scale use of military formations. The modern challenges of logistics support and the volume of logistics tasks performed are a very important issue. This is confirmed by the examples in the war between Russia and Ukraine since its beginning in 2022. Bearing in mind the characteristics of modern conflicts and the possibilities for logistical support of formations participating in such operations, the challenges to the planning and implementation of logistical support can be considered. Of course, this is not fully analyzed in the article, since the information used is unclassified.
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The study aimed to examine the implementation of social teaching practices (STP) in primary schools in Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored how the flexibility of STP relates to teachers’ socioemotional competencies (SEC), general teaching difficulties during the pandemic, their satisfaction with the education system, and perception of professional future on a sample of 817 teachers. Research findings suggest that those teachers with higher SEC, less teaching difficulties, and those who are more satisfied with the education system and more optimistic about their professional future implement more STPs. Differences in STPs were also found regarding the teachers’ gender, education cycle, and teaching modality. The study indicated that use of STPs by teachers in times of crisis can be empowered with diverse support opportunities through professional development.
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This article explores the intricate realm of hybrid warfare, a modern form of conflict that blends conventional military tactics with unconventional approaches such as cyberattacks, propaganda dissemination, and economic coercion. Recent conflicts, exemplified by those in Ukraine, Syria, and ongoing Russia-West tensions, underscore the prevalence of hybrid warfare, posing challenges to nations and raising concerns about escalation. The article delves into the core components of hybrid warfare, its historical underpinnings, and its various manifestations, encompassing political, economic, cyber, and information warfare. Through detailed case studies, it illuminates the multifaceted nature of hybrid warfare and its role in achieving strategic goals. Examining the extensive ramifications of hybrid warfare on politics, economies, and societal cohesion, the article underscores the need for a comprehensive approach to detection and counteraction. This entails bolstering cybersecurity, countering disinformation, diplomatic engagement, intelligence enhancement, and fortification of international norms. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the urgency of raising awareness about the hybrid warfare threat and advocates for collective efforts to prevent its future use, aiming to foster stability, security, and prosperity in an ever-evolving and uncertain global landscape.
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Nitrogen narcosis is the primary reason for limitations in the use of compressed atmospheric air, as a breathing gas in deep-sea diving operations. The attempts to impose common regulations fixing the maximum depth limit for the use of air as a breathing gas for diving, at national and international level, are hampered by the peculiarities of this phenomenon. Differences in the national approaches among the individual countries in NATO and the EU hinders the development of a common standard and calls for a comprehensive review on the matter. In the article, the experience of other countries and the current status of the issue are analyzed, and recommendations for a national level solution are proposed.
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Artificial intelligence is increasingly entering all spheres of our lives, including the sphere of education. These technologies offer numerous advantages and opportunities to perform various activities and tasks throughout the educational process. This article discusses some aspects of the application of AI technologies to improve personalization, accessibility, and interactivity in school education, and especially in learning STEAM subjects. The authors aim to propose approaches to successfully integrate AI into the work of teachers and facilitators during the preplanning phase of lessons, the preparation of personalized tasks for students, the process of testing and assessing knowledge, as well as in group and project-based learning. The article shares the experience of teaching a compulsory computer science course as well as working in an interest club related to artificial intelligence and robotics with 6th grade students in secondary school, highlighting the potential of certain chatbots to support and enrich the process of programming.
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As remote English language learning has become widespread in the context of the global pandemic, it is essential to understand effective pedagogical practices specifically with the Generation Z population (born between 1997 and 2012) from economically less developed communities. Using a survey research design, the study identified the preferred remote teaching-learning modality and techniques among 75 Generation Z learners. An online survey was administered to randomly selected Junior High School students in the Philippines. The results revealed that synchronous learning was believed to be more helpful in enhancing the students’ English language learning, with techniques that encouraged them to speak and practice their grammar. Interactive group activities were mostly preferred by the learners to enhance their viewing, reading, listening, and writing skills. The study concludes with a discussion about teaching-learning techniques for teachers to successfully carry out a meaningful, enjoyable, and engaging learning experience toward effective remote English language learning.
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The article deals with the issues of using generative AI tools and Large Language Models in education and research from two viewpoints. First, it presents an overview of existing regulatory documents concerning AI tools at the EU level and the lack thereof in Bulgaria. Then it focuses on users’ perception and understanding of AI tools through an overview of available video materials of instructional character, with a special focus on (non)existing ethical concerns, as well as software producers’ perspectives on the affordances and weaknesses of the technology. We conclude that there is an urgent need to create guidelines/rules for the use of AI systems in relevant fields and recommend that the Ministry of Education and Science create guidelines to be implemented by educational and research institutions and publishers.
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The dynamic flow of information and rapidly developing technologies have a significant impact on today's knowledge society. Following the trends in technology and user behavior, libraries as part of this community are also changing. They are transforming the way they gather information, their architectural environment, and the services they offer. Thus, from guardians of knowledge, they are becoming centers of learning. Their passivity remains in the past and they are on the path of active communication with readers, combined with digitization. The subject of the article is the academic library of the University of Economics - Varna, and the topic of research is the direction of transition as a result of the changing environment. The aim is to trace the opportunities and services that the institution provides to its readers and the prospects for development.
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The objective of this paper is to research challenges, including key factors in the process of transitioning from a long-term asynchronous distance learning platform to a new one with enriched functionality. The main issues for reaching the goal are related to surveying the parties involved in the educational process; summarizing and analyzing the results; formulating conclusions and guidelines for taking relevant actions. Two surveys are conducted, using specially developed approaches, to establish student expectations and the attitudes of lecturers from the Faculty of Business and Management of the University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev”, regarding the use of “Moodle” instead of “e-Learning Shell 02”. The proposed guidelines can facilitate the process of migration between platforms and the preparation of documentation for assessment and accreditation of the professional fields in the Faculty.
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The publication comments on the use of information and communication technologies for students with special educational needs. The educational process also includes the digital environment, which is new for this age period, but extremely interesting and easily digestible. In this regard, the homelands in the 21st century cannot and should not be educated and brought up with the means of their parents or ancestors. Educational institutions, from the very beginning of the introduction of digital technologies until now, have been and are keeping up with the new. The teaching staff, in addition to being rejuvenated in terms of age with young teachers, recently graduated from the universities, where specific training is carried out for methodology and work with ICT, but also constantly upgrade their knowledge, skills and competences in this aspect. The students of the new century have new sensations, needs, motivation, which all of us working in this sector need to comply with and implement effectively, for their sake – the future of the Bulgarian nation.
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The continuous advance of technologies and their implementation across all stages of education leads to the development and creation of a variety of digital resources that can be a useful part of contemporary education aiming to develop the digital competencies of the students – future pedagogues. As part of the lectures and workshops on “Kindergarden music theory and methodology”, “Musical education in preschool” and “Musical diagnostics in preschool and primary school grades” students (prospective teachers) who were enrolled in education program of University of Ruse were introduced to a variety of digital resources aiding their practical training. During this time, the students acquired additional knowledge on how to apply them in their future teaching practice. The current study shows a poll of students’ opinion on the usefulness of the test “Profile of Music Perception Skills”, the model “Geneva musical emotional scale”, interactive study materials on “General music training”, video lessons on “Musical theory and methodology” and interactive slide on other sources used in their education. A dedicated questionnaire has been used for data collection of this study.
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The paper examines the possibilities of developing and applying additional educational resources through artificial intelligence systems. Microlearning is an effective teaching method in modern education that features concise audio and visual learning resources suitable for students from the digital generation. The research focuses on integrating educational resources into the traditional learning process, which activates the learning process through innovative methods and attractively presented information. A two-directional approach is applied that enables working through the creation of resources by the teacher on the one hand, and on the other hand, the learners themselves generate such resources. At the same time, QR codes are used to introduce learning and game elements to the primary macro resources. The aim is to determine the impact of the integrated approach on learners' engagement, their acquisition of the learning material, and overall learning outcomes.
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This paper is based on a study of the possibilities of using artificial intelligence systems in music education within the degree courses of “Preschool and primary education” and “Primary education and foreign languages.” It is known that in the process of music education without special musical training, future educators as well as teachers face certain challenges. The variety of artificial intelligence systems creates conditions for music education that are more accessible and applicable in different areas of music practice. The focus of this research is music learning through interaction with music generation systems, in which the learner assumes a new role: from perceiving and performing music, he/she becomes a co-author and co-creator of a musical piece with all the peculiarities and regularities of musical language. The idea of a musical product thus acquires a new meaning and the students develop not only their musical creativity but also their digital competencies.
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