CSD Policy Brief No. 66: Динамика на конвенционалната престъпност 2015 – 2016 г.

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian

Crime rates in 2015 continue their downward trend with a decrease of 0.4% compared to 2014 levels. It must be noted, however, that the level of reporting crime to the authorities falls compared to officially registered numbers by the MoI in 2015. This means that latent crime is on the rise, which signifies a drop in public confidence in the MoI. One of the main reason for this discrepancy are the so-called police filters, which lead to diverging levels of officially recorded conventional crimes and crimes reported by the citizenry. These are some of the results of the National Crime Survey for 2015, presented in the current publication.

Izvještaj o govoru mržnje zasnovanom na seksualnoj orijentaciji i rodnom identitetu u BiH. Slučajevi iz 2012. i 2013. godine.

Author(s): Vladana Vasić / Language(s): Bosnian

Govor mržnje u BiH, usmjeren prema LGBT osobama, je u porastu zbog sve veće vidljivosti LGBT osoba. Postojeća zakonodavna regulacija govora mržnje je nedovoljna, iako medijima zabranjuje korištenje govora mržnje, ne dotiče se pojedinaca koji ovaj govor svakodnevno izražavaju u javnosti, najčešće na web portalima i facebook stranicama. Iako uglavnom izbjegavaju direktno izražavanje i prenošenje govora mržnje, i sami mediji naizgled neutralnim izvještavanjem i navođenjem, te davanjem medijskog prostora homofobičnim i transfobičnim stručnjacima_ kinjama i pojedincima_kama da izražavaju svoje mišljenje, pomažu širenju govora mržnje i njegovoj dostupnosti široj javnosti. Ovim načinom izvještavanja mediji izbjegavaju vlastitu odgovornost za preneseni sadržaj, a istovremeno privlače pozornost javnosti i prenose pogrešnu sliku o LGBT osobama, kojom se obično pokušavaju poduprijeti već postojeći stereotipi i predrasude. Iako postoje mehanizmi sankcionisanja i uklanjanja govora mržnje preko Regulatorne agencije za komunikacije, koja je nadležna za elektronske medije, i Vijeća za štampu u BiH, koje je samoregulatorno tijelo štampanih medija, oni sami za sebe, bez krivičnog gonjenja odgovornih, ne dovode do željenih rezultata niti do uklanjanja neetičke prakse medijskog izvještavanja. Govor mržnje usmjeren prema LGBT osobama se izražava od netačnih tvrdnji i proglašavanja LGBT osoba bolesnim i devijantnim, do pozivanja na diskriminaciju i nasilje, u najgorim slučajevima do prijetnji smrću, te doprinosi netolerantnom stavu bh. društva i marginalizaciji LGBT osoba. Ispoljavanjem govora mržnje, također se dovodi i do težih incidenata, pa čak i počinjavanja krivičnih djela i zločina iz mržnje, a koristi se i da bi se podržali počinitelji tih djela, te opravdala njihova djela, čime se šalje poruka LGBT osobama i ostalim marginaliziranim grupama da nisu poželjni_e u bh. društvu. Da bi obezbijedila poštivanje prava i sloboda, kao i dostojanstvo svih svojih građana, između ostalih i LGBT osoba, te pružila adekvatnu podršku marginaliziranim grupama koje su najčešće žrtve govora mržnje, i u potpunosti dokazala da osuđuje netoleranciju, mržnju, diskriminaciju i nasilje, Bosna i Hercegovina bi trebala: - ustanoviti i javno diseminirati odgovarajuću i sveobuhvatnu definiciju govora mržnje koja, između ostalog, uključuje i seksualnu orijentaciju i rodni identitet kao zabranjene osnove za govor mržnje; - adekvatnu zabranu govora mržnje propisati krivičnim zakonima oba entiteta tj. Federacije BiH i Republike Srpske i Krivičnim zakonom Brčko distrikta; - zabranom govora mržnje obuhvatiti ne samo medije kao moguće počinioce, nego i državne institucije i sve ostale pravne i fizičke osobe.

Izbor - Kosmet, 2008 / 04 / 25

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Serbian

KAKO ĆE POČETI TAJNI RAZGOVORI UNMIK-A SA SRBIJOM U BEOGRADU (Zeri - Priština) PREGOVORI - SAMO NA NIVOU DRŽAVA! (Infopress - Priština) (NE)DOVOLJNA PRIZNANJA KOSOVA I LOKALNI IZBORI SRBIJE (Koha ditore - Priština) TRI SRPSKA CILJA ORGANIZOVANJE LOKALNIH IZBORA NA KOSOVU (Zëri - Priština) SRPSKI IZBORI UGROŽAVAJU NEZAVISNOST KOSOVA (Start - Tirana) 12. MAJ - NAJPROBLEMATIČNIJI POLITIČKI DAN ZA UNMIK I KOSOVO (Zëri - Priština) NOVE IDEJE ZA KOSOVO? (Express - Priština) REAGOVANJE NA SRPSKE INICIJATIVE (Zëri - Priština) SRPSKI IZBORI NA KOSOVU I PREŠEVSKA DOLINA (Telegrafi - Priština) JOŠ JEDNA PROVOKACIJA (Kosova sot - Priština) VELIKO ”NE” (Lajm - Priština) I KOSOVO MOŽE DA ODRŽI IZBORE U PREŠEVSKOJ DOLINI! (Telegrafi - Priština) DA LI JE KOSOVO BLIŽE SLOBODI ILI ANARHIJI I RATU? (Dervina.com) KOSOVO U OPASNOSTI (Epoka e re - Priština) BORBA PROTIV BUDUĆNOSTI KOSOVA (Dervina.com) STATUS QUO U GRADU PREKO IBRA (Kosova sot - Priština) PAŽLJIVO SA GRANICOM (Infopress - Priština) ”BOSNIA LIGHT” I ”AHTISAARI PLUS”* (Koha ditore - Priština) UČLANJENJE KOSOVA U MEĐUNARODNE FINANSIJSKE INSTITUCIJE (Kosova sot - Priština) RAZGOVORI O PODELI IMOVINE (Standard - Tirana) RUKA DRŽAVE (Infopress - Priština) “SELJACI” SA KOSOVA (Lajm - Priština)

Възможности за създаване на Централен регистър на юридическите лица и Електронен регистърен център в България – доклад на Работната група към Центъра за изследване на демокрацията

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian

The presented report was prepared by the Working Group on Registry Reform at the Center for the Study of Democracy during the period 2001-2003 and reflects the recommendations and suggestions made during its preparation by state institutions, NGOs, representatives of the business and Bulgarian and foreign experts. The main ideas of the report were presented at an international seminar "Modernizing the Commercial Register in Bulgaria", organized on 9 February 2004 by the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Economy with the support of the US Agency for International Development.

Diskriminacija u oblasti rada u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Elma Demir,Miroslav Živanović,Mirela Vrana,Božana Puljić,Snježana Ivandić Ninković / Language(s): Bosnian

Diskriminacija u oblasti radnih odnosa je neistražena tema u Bosni i Hercegovini (BiH) iako građani, mediji i nevladine organizacije redovno izvještavaju i ukazuju na već učestalu praksu diskriminacije kako na radnom mjestu tako i u samom procesu zapošljavanja. U biti, većina problema koji se javljaju na tržištu rada u BiH mogu se direktno ili indirektno povezati sa različitim oblicima diskriminacije. Tako nepotizam, zapošljavanje po osnovu pripadnosti određenoj političkoj stranci, davanje otkaza trudnicama, nemogućnost ili zabrana sindikalnog organizovanja i sl. predstavljaju pojave koje su posljedice diskriminatornih praksi, a čija masovnost je dovela do sistematskog urušavanja vladavine prava, socijalne pravde i održivog ekonomskog razvoja u BiH. Time se posljedice diskriminacije ne ogledaju samo u kršenju individualnih prava pojedinaca ili određene grupe, nego se odražavaju na sveukupne socijalne i ekonomske odnose u društvu. Društvo koje ne štiti svoje građane od diskriminacije funkcioniše na osnovu «zakona jačega», te se odlikuje visokim stepenom ekonomske i političke nejednakosti među građanima. Tako društveno uređenje ne može biti kvalifikovano kao demokratsko.

WRITTEN COMMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN ROMA RIGHTS CENTRE, CONCERNING ROMANIA (For Consideration by the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights at the 53rd Session 26-30 May 2014)

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

According to current unofficial estimates Roma in Romania make up approximately 9% of the population (approximately 1,700,000). However, a verified and accurate count remains elusive. According to the final results of the 2011 Census of the Population and Households published on 4 July 2013 by the National Statistics Institute, Romania had a total population of 20.12 million. Among the 18.88 million respondents who self-reported their ethnicity, 621,600 were Roma (3.3%, an increase from 2.46% in the 2002 census). The ERRC’s research on Roma in Romania shows that Roma continue facing discrimination in all areas of social life, including housing, education, employment and health. In December 2011, the Romanian Government adopted the Strategy for the Inclusion of the Romanian Citizens belonging to Roma minority for the period 2012 – 2020 in the context of the European Commission’s Communication on adopting an EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies up to 2020 (hereinafter the Strategy). The Strategy focuses on four areas, namely access to housing, access to health, education and employment. However, it has been highly criticised by NGOs, which were not consulted prior to its adoption. Moreover, the Strategy lacks clear indicators on measuring its impact, reducing the possibility of effective implementation and of improving Roma inclusion policies through lessons learnt.

Izvještaj Mreže pravde u Bosni i Hercegovini za 2. Univerzalni periodični pregled o stanju ljudskih prava u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian

(B/H/S edition) The Justice Network in BiH is an informal network of 64 non-governmental organizations established in January 2010 to support development of efficient, independent, and accountable judiciary, in order to instigate more efficient protection of human rights and establishment the rule of law in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). To this end, the Network launched monitoring of the implementation of UPR recommendations in BiH in the same year. During the last 4 years, i.e. in period from January 2010 to March 2014, based on the monitoring, evaluation and research activities conducted by the members of the Network gathered around the Working Group for monitoring the implementation of UPR recommendations, we have published 4 annual reports on implementation of UPR recommendations pertaining to the justice sector. The reports were submitted to an extensive number of the justice sector stakeholders and the international community. The process of monitoring and evaluation was based on the methodology which included the identification of measurable indicators for each UPR recommendation, data collection and processing in a period of 6 to 8 months, and drafting the report and additional recommendations for the local decision-makers to ensure that UPR recommendations are adequately and timely implemented. This summary, which was the subject of extensive consultations within and outside the Network, was prepared on the basis of the aforementioned reports.

Joint Report of the Justice Network in Bosnia and Herzegovina for the 2nd Universal Periodic Review on Human Rights Situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

(English edition) The Justice Network in BiH is an informal network of 64 non-governmental organizations established in January 2010 to support development of efficient, independent, and accountable judiciary, in order to instigate more efficient protection of human rights and establishment the rule of law in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). To this end, the Network launched monitoring of the implementation of UPR recommendations in BiH in the same year. During the last 4 years, i.e. in period from January 2010 to March 2014, based on the monitoring, evaluation and research activities conducted by the members of the Network gathered around the Working Group for monitoring the implementation of UPR recommendations, we have published 4 annual reports on implementation of UPR recommendations pertaining to the justice sector. The reports were submitted to an extensive number of the justice sector stakeholders and the international community. The process of monitoring and evaluation was based on the methodology which included the identification of measurable indicators for each UPR recommendation, data collection and processing in a period of 6 to 8 months, and drafting the report and additional recommendations for the local decision-makers to ensure that UPR recommendations are adequately and timely implemented. This summary, which was the subject of extensive consultations within and outside the Network, was prepared on the basis of the aforementioned reports.

Съдържание

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

References

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Prava civilnih žrtava rata

Author(s): Đurđa Gmaz / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Đurđa Gmaz rođena je 1950. godine u Sisku. Suprug joj je bio jedan od suosnivača HDZ-a u tom gradu. Od 1991. radila je u MUP-u Hrvatske. Kada je počeo rat u njezinom kraju, s obitelji je ostala u selu koje se nalazilo na crti razdvajanja sa srpskom stranom. Dana 16. srpnja 1993. godine kćer Đurđe Gmaz, koja se kupala s dvadesetak druge djece na Kupi, ubijena je rafalnim mecima koji su došli s druge strane Kupe, gdje su se nalazile srpske snage. Sin joj je tom prilikom teško ozlijeđen. Aktivna je u Udruzi civilnih žrtava stradalnika Domovinskog rata i godinama se zauzima za ostvarivanje prava civilnih žrtava rata.

Protokol o postupanju, prevenciji i zaštiti od nasilja u porodici

Author(s): Olja Stojanović,Biljana Zeković / Language(s): Montenegrine

Nasilje u porodici je najčešći, ali i najskriveniji, vid nasilja koji postoji koliko i samo čovječanstvo. Vijekovima se smatralo da je nasilje prema članovima porodice porodična, privatna stvar, pa su samim tim njegove razmjere bile nevidljive. Razvojem svijesti o ljudskim pravima, te pravima djece, žena i starijih u porodici u posljednje četiri decenije srušeni su brojni stereotipi o idealnoj porodici, kao što su na primjer uvjerenje o djetinjstvu kao najsretnijem razdoblju života, uvjerenje da su počinitelji seksualnog zlostavljanja najčešće osobe nepoznate žrtvi, uvjerenje o dostojanstvenoj starosti u krugu najbližih. Posljednjih decenija je nasilje u porodici postalo predmet šire društvene rasprave, naučnih istraživanja, briga brojnih društvenih i državnih institucija, a naročito nevladinih organizacija koje su istakle da je porodično nasilje (u kome su žrtve najčešće žene) jedan od najdrastičnijih oblika kršenja ljudskih prava. Klinička iskustva i empirijska istraživanja su pokazala da porodica kao osnovna jedinica društva nije samo podržavajuće okruženje koje pruža emocionalnu, socijalnu i materijalnu podršku članovima, već može biti i nasilno okruženje, pa sopstveni dom za koji kažemo da je utočište od surovog spoljnjeg svijeta postaje najopasnije mjesto u kojem se na najbrutalniji način krše osnovna ljudska prava njenih članova. Nasilje u porodici možemo odrediti kao skup ponašanja čiji je cilj kontrola nad drugim osobama upotrebom sile, zastrašivanjem i manipulacijom. Takvo određenje nasilja može se primijeniti u svim oblicima porodičnog nasilja – fizičko zlostavljanje, psihičko zlostavljanje, seksualno zlostavljanje i materijalno i radno iskorišćavanje. Nasilje u porodici predstavlja model ponašanja, u kome uglavnom muškarac, ostvaruje nadmoć i kontrolu nad drugima, korišćenjem fizičke ili psihičke prisile. Nasilju u porodici mogu biti izloženi svi članovi porodice, ali su najčešće žrtve ovog nasilja žene, djeca i starije osobe. Tolerisanje nasilja u porodici ima duboke korijene u kulturnim i patrijarhalnim obrascima ponašanja, koji podrazumijevaju rodno zasnovane strukture moći, podređenu poziciju žene, upotrebu fizičke snage kao legitimnog sredstva kontrole i moći prema ženi i slabijim članovima porodice. Patrijarhalni kulturni obrasci, koji su potpuno uspostavljeni i široko rasprostranjeni, su takvog karaktera da direktno i simbolički izražavaju i odražavaju autoritet i dominaciju muške grupe nad ženskom. Svi postupci muškaraca prema ženama i djeci, prema članovima porodice iz „nižih nivoa hijerarhije“, shvataju se kao pravo i obaveza „vaspitača“ da disciplinuju i uređuju unutrašnje odnose, da kažnjavaju neprivilegovane članove. Nasilje u porodici je izuzetno ozbiljan i složen problem sa kojim se susrijeću kako same porodice, tako i obrazovne i socijalne ustanove, organi unutrašnjih poslova i institucije pravosudnog sistema, nevladine organizacije. Ali, zakonski propisi, te pojedini strateški dokumenti, koji u svojim segmentima tretiraju problem nasilja, u praksi su teško primjenjivi jer ih nije pratilo: osiguranje infrastrukture koja je pretpostavka za sprovođenje zakona, osiguranje potrebnih sredstava, edukacija kadrova, umrežavanje nadležnih subjekata za primjenu legislative, uspostavljanje jedinstvene statističke baze podataka o žrtvama nasilja u porodici.

Dreptul în vremuri de pandemie și război

Author(s): Radu Stancu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The study aims to analyze the reaction of legal systems to the convulsions in European society caused by the Covid-19 health crisis, the war in Ukraine and the revocation of abortion rights in the U.S. With a cross-cutting approach, the article seeks to leave in the reader's mind a non-exhaustive overview of the limits of his rights through the sometimes-disproportionate reactions of the state. Extraordinary events, however, they are not a novelty for humanity. The question therefore arises as to whether the "violence" of restrictive measures on fundamental human rights could be prevented. Then, by approaching a state of emergency as normal, have human rights undergone a transformation in their substance? From a subjective point of view, the study takes stock of the legal war waged by the international community against the armed war since the end of World War II. War sometimes waged in the name of human rights, through the belligerent events of Eastern Europe, proves to us that it is not over yet and new appropriate legal measures are required. What will be the legal consequences of these is another issue discussed in the article.

Съвременни политики на Република България, като част от НАТО, за прилагане на превантивни мерки на лица с наложени забрани за напускане на страната

Author(s): Venelina Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Essentially, the preventive activity is protection of the inviolability of the person and the property of the Bulgarian citizens. One of the important mechanisms for effective impact is the implementation of appropriate and strictly differentiated measures, through which the appropriate preventive influence can be exerted on a certain group of vulnerable persons who may commit or suffer from crimes. The report presents a new type of administrative measures included in the national legislation – bans on leaving the country for vulnerable adults and minors, as well as the possibility of issuing a temporary identity card to persons with a decreed ban.

Новият закон за противодействие на корупцията - предизвикателства и перспективи

Author(s): Jordan Georgiev Deliversky / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Corruption is a major factor for causing difficulties in functioning of any country, and the presence of an increased corruption risk forms a negative impact at regional and international level. Bulgaria does not make an exception in that remark, as the county also faces current challenges. This requires certain resultative actions to be applied for dealing with the increase of corruption risk and for providing adequate countermeasures against corruption practices. In response to the indications of a widespread corruption, which could be seen not only via external monitoring and analysis of processes in the Bulgarian society, but also through an internal assessment of public environment, steps towards change of the legal framework have been introduced by series of legislative initiatives and actions. These steps aim to create an adequate mechanism to counteract the corruption. The article identifies present challenges towards introducing new legal approach in counteracting the corruption. It presents the perspectives that have to be supported for achieving higher efficiency of anti-corruption measures.

Стратегия и политика на НАТО в района на Черно море

Author(s): Oleg Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The report examines the strategic importance of the Black Sea region for NATO and its partners. Emphasis is placed on the stabilizing role of the Alliance in ensuring a reliable, safe and prosperous environment in the Black Sea region. The NATOled policy in the Greater Black Sea region and the preparation of a strategy for the resolution of the problems and conflicts threatening Euro-Atlantic security in the area are justified by means of an analysis of the existing threats and challenges in and around the Black Sea. The report draws the conclusion that the Black Sea region needs the stabilizing influence of NATO and the Alliance must protect its interests in this region.

The Environmental Consequences of Military Activity

Author(s): Ramil Akhundov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

he military activity of m odern states poses a special danger to the ecological state due to the specificity of means and methods of achieving the set goals. However, in modern conditions, not only military operations, but also everyday activities of troops have irreparable consequences for nature. The article examines the impact of modern warfare and military activities on the structure and functioning of ecosystems. The consequences of military conflicts and daily military activities on the environment were examined. It is brought to the attention that the above-mentioned activities have an overwhelming negative impact on the structure and functioning of the ecosystem. However, it is emphasized that along with the negative impact, there is also a positive impact of military activities on environmental security. Thus, military activity was favorable for the environment under certain conditions, for example, when an exclusion zone was created, which usually led to an increase in the number or restoration of the populations. Due to the limited access to research results on issues related to military activities, information related to the impact of military operations on the environment is relatively scarce and is often studied years after the cessation of military activities and without knowledge of the initial conditions. This highlights the importance of conducting additional research on the environmental impact of military activities, which will help identify opportunities to mitigate negative consequences, while informing the development of optimal rehabilitation and recovery strategies.

Права на артист-изпълнителите върху търговски марки

Author(s): Silviya Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The subject of this paper is the rights of the performing artists for their names, pseudonyms and other distinctive signs of the artist such as autograph, face, name of the work, etc. A study of applied for and registered trademarks of ten world-famous performers (singers) was carried out to ascertain the presence or absence of intellectual property rights. The number of trademarks at the national, European and international level has been identified, and the goods and services in which the trademarks are registered have been extracted. The role of trademarks as a business identifier that provides their holders with identification and differentiation from other artists in the market is indicated. Conclusions and recommendations are formulated on the basis of the implemented research.

Възможности и предизвикателства пред артиста-изпълнител в дигиталната среда

Author(s): Dimiter Gantchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The digital environment provides new opportunities for artists and performers to create, produce and distribute musical products. At the same time, serious challenges arise for the protection of rights in musical works. The technological revolution has brought streaming to the forefront as a leading form of distribution and subscription as an essential part of the business model for rights management and income generation. At the same time, the digital environment reduces the possibilities for control over the use of works, increases oversupply and widens the gap between supply and demand. Generative artificial intelligence will increase both the opportunities and challenges for monetizing musical creativity. This paper examines the changes in the processes of creation and distribution of music products and their effect on artists and performers

Интелектуалната собственост в периодичния печат

Author(s): Antoaneta Titianova-Milcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The subject of the publication is intellectual property in periodical printing as a segment of the publishing business. Book publishing is often presented as the entire publishing activity. The sector of periodicals is omitted, which forms a huge share of the publishing output and the most circulated one, covering the largest number of authors. The focus of the research is copyright protection in the publishing of newspapers and magazines in Bulgaria and the EU. Media diversity and freedom of speech are core values in the Charter of Rights of the European Union. Publishers of periodicals in the EU are facing new realities - copyrights are violated by Internet giants, platforms, news aggregators, etc., which also applies to the Bulgarian media. The long-term operation and prosperity of the diverse and economically successful magazine and newspaper publishing industry depends on ensuring effective protection of intellectual property. It is important to respect the publisher's right to create an enabling environment for newspapers and magazines, their websites and apps, especially for journalists, photographers, designers, etc., to continue working with high professional standards to provide news, audience analytics and copyright information.