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The article treats the means of expression of hesychastic apophaticism, used by Old Bulgarian writers of the 14th – 15th centuries, and the author tries to show that these means are very old, and were characteristic even for the mind of primitive people. He pays attention to the synonymy of ‘aphophatic’ negative pronouns and ‘cataphatic’ summative pronouns; to the pleonastic use of the negative particle не; to the syntactic but- constructions; and to necessative constructions.
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The purpose of the article is to outline the means (explicators, modifiers) that are in the core and periphery of the functional-semantic field of voice. Attention is paid not only to the morphological category of voice, which is at the core of the functional-semantic field; other peripheral explicators of the category – both lexical and syntactic – are considered, too. Some homonymous uses of passive forms with already lost passive meanings are discussed. An attempt is made to distinguish them by means of a functional-semantic (pragmatic, not formal) criterion.
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The object of analysis in this article is the language of the Bulgarian media and its ability to influence the process of polarization of society by advancing certain theses in the presentation of the news. The study uses material from some Bulgarian print media such as the newspapers Trud, Sega, 24 chasa, FrogNews, Agency PIK, Ivo Indzhev’s blog – ivo.bg, etc. for the period 2021 2022. Attention is paid to language aggression in the media and the means of its expression.
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The study is dedicated to the Hungarian loanwords in the Slavic kinship terminology. The linguistic material is collected from Volume XI Degrees of Kinship prepared by the Bulgarian National Commission as part of the Slavic Linguistic Atlas. The object of analysis are the loanwords of Hungarian origin in the Slavic dialect kinship terminology. The aim of the research is to show the source of the borrowings, the particularities of their adaptation, dialects where they are found. Special attention is also paid to Slavic loanwords adopted in Hungarian that have later been reborrowed into various Slavic dialects.
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The paper applies a systematic approach to the etymologization of Bulgarian dialect words of Turkish origin. The object of analysis are Turkish loanwords with initial a- from the Dictionary of an archaic Rhodope dialect – the dialect of Ropkata, published in 2022. Specific phonetic changes are described, whose regularity in the dialect helps to find other dialectal variants of the words under consideration and to identify the Turkish primary source. The analyzed words are not included in Volume I of the Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary, and the majority of them are not reflected in the corresponding entries of the Dictionary of Turkisms in Bulgarian, so they are related to the respective etymological word families for the first time. Clarifications, additions and corrections are made to some of the existing etymologies or a new etymological interpretation is proposed. Emphasis is placed on the variation of the borrowed dialect lexis, which is of great importance for discovering the foreign language etymon.
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In this publication, I revisit the origin of the Slavic ethnonym Croat, which does not have a generally accepted etymology, and the attempts at explaining it are numerous – from ancient times to the present day. I summarize the main hypotheses and present the most plausible one, which is accepted by most specialists today.
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The paper presents the results of several years of ethnolinguistic research carried out in cooperation between Slovak, Bulgarian, Russian and Serbian slavicists. It provides a picture of the perception of the relationship between truth, right, good and evil in the context of linguistic thought. It not only highlights language as a tool of communication but also explains the perception of language as an important feature of cultural and ethnic identity. The paper specifically addresses the issue of research on language as a source of deeper understanding of the study of the history of the language community. Language is also presented as an instrument of value formation for the cultivation of the individual and the community. Тhe study also outlines other areas of cooperation in the field of international linguistically-oriented Slavic studies.
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The paper addresses three groups of Bulgarian indefinite pronouns and pronominal expressions incorporating the element си and their Ukrainian counterparts in a parallel bilingual corpus. The study shows that the pronouns of the type еди-Q си mostly correspond to demonstrative pronouns or expressions featuring a demonstrative pronoun in combination with a deictic particle (-ось, -от or -то). Indefinite pronouns proper (of the types Q-сь, Q-небудь and де-Q), as well as demonstrative pronouns in combination with the reflexive pronouns собі, primarily correspond to Bulgarian pronouns of the type нѣ-Q си, whereas the expressions не знам/помня Q си have Ukrainian expressions with a parallel structure, including a cognitive verb, as their most frequent counterparts.
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The article is devoted to the problem of semantic derivation in the field of euphemistic vocabulary. Euphemization is a dynamic phenomenon caused by linguistic and extra-linguistic factors. The replacement of linguistic taboos with euphemisms is based on the processes of secondary nomination, which involves the use of existing nominative means as new names of entities, processes, phenomena, actions. The creation of euphemistic vocabulary in Ukrainian and Polish is carried out through metonymic, metaphorical and functional transfers and generalization. Universal euphemisms in both languages arise due to the fact that most semantic models are formed by the same type of cultural codes, ones that are reflected in the language. Distinctive euphemistic nominations in Ukrainian and Polish define a specific view of the world, resulting from national and cultural factors and the historical development of the languages.
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The literature devoted to legal linguistics often ignores documents encountered in court discourse which contain expert conclusions (forensic investigation). This article attempts to determine the genre model of expert opinions. As part of it, there is also a brief explanation of the legal and cultural context of how judicial expertise works, since it directly affects the structure of the documents we are interested in. The authors compare the conclusions of forensic experts using documents taken from the Anglo-Saxon legal system (common law) and from the civil law system (Polish, Russian, and Bulgarian).
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