Kivonatok

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Romanian Publication Year: 0

Митолингвистично изследване върху названия на дъгата с мотивационни модели ‘атрибут на бога’ и ‘символ на плодородието’ в българския език

Author(s): Borislav Popov,Robertino Stoilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present mytholinguitsic exploration analyses two groups of dialectal names of the rainbow in the Bulgarian language in the context of the associated mytho-religious beliefs, ritualistic practices and rational perceptions and applies the mytholinguistic method with its two models. The mytholinguistic analysis of the internal form of the word instrumental in revealing the mytholinguistic structure offers an opportunity to reconstruct specific mythological beliefs and to determine the semantic motivation in the linguistic nomination of the names of the rainbow subject to inquiry. The reason behind the formation of each name as a result of secondary nomination is revealed to the effect of establishing whether its internal form is a projection of the mythological and religious outlook and ritualistic practices of the ethnos or it is a reflection of rational perceptions.

Митология, рекатегоризация и сетивни възприятия в структурирането на абстрактни понятия

Author(s): Milena Levunlieva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The research revisits the principles of linguistic categorization established by Dixon (1982) and interpreted and elaborated upon by Lakoff (1987). It unravels a mutually defining relation of interdependence between the myth-and-belief principle, the important property principle and the experiential domain principle. An argument is offered of their hierarchical relations manifested in their functioning in the process of metaphorical (and metonymic) recategorization.

Към въпроса за концепцията на някои основни деривационни понятия

Author(s): Maria Byaldimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article is a brief overview of important theoretical conception related to the definition and concept of some basic terms in the research field of Bulgarian word-formation. Based on research dedicated to derivation questions, we made a detailed analysis of basic working concepts in word-formation. Standing by the traditional conceptions of Bulgarian studies regarding these terms, we made an attempt to present the character of the commented units in a more generalized form.

Концептът разум / Vernunft в немския и българския език

Author(s): Hristina Vihrogonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present article is focused on the analysis of the results exhibited in Questionnaire Survey entitled „Metaphorical Thinking in Language“. The basic aim is to make comparison of the term REASON/VERNUNFT, and how it is perceived and presented in both German and Bulgarian. Data of the Survey are graphically presented. The Survey has comparative character and, as we may say, is done in the spirit of Cognitive Linguistics. As mutual base of comparison serves “Conceptual metaphor“, described in the book „Metaphors we Live by“, written by George Leikoff and Mark Johnson. In the process of linguistic description concerning the discussed Concept, many similarities are established, which is explained by its universality. The Concept itself as well, has similar metaphorical perception typical for the two languages, which is deeply rooted in their linguistic consciousness. The similarities are established with the help of Conceptual Metaphors, that play the role of universal instrument of human thinking as far as abstract linguistic essences are concerned.

Семантические модели обозначения времени в болгарских и восточнославянских говорах

Author(s): Mikhail Kondratenko / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The article examines the peculiarities of the designation of time periods in some Bulgarian and East Slavic dialects, mainly from the point of view of the specifics of dialect segmentation of this semantic sphere and the principles of nomination. The lexical material allows us to identify individual semantic models and shifts observed in time designations: the transfer of spatial parameters for the nomination of temporal characteristics; orientation in the names of months to phenological and economic cycles; the nomination of morning as the appearance of daylight. Taking into account the linguogeographic aspect, namely, a fairly wide distribution in the linguistic territory of Slavia, as well as beyond its borders, it is possible to assume the status of these models as semantic archetypes.

Зимняя обрядовая терминология и символика в славянских языках: сравнительный аспект

Author(s): Olena Voytseva,Svitlana Georgiieva / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

Folk terminology is an expression of the national specificity of cultures and in this sense its study is promising within the framework of the emerging trends of European thinking of the early XXI century. In this article an attempt is made to study the taxonomic group of chrononyms from the side of their formal structure and genesis. Chrononyms unite in themselves the properties of onomastic and appellative lexis: as a rule, it is not a conditional „name“, but a denomination closely connected with the denotation and designe. The topic receives a complex linguistic-cultural interpretation from the point of view of modern scientific thought about the complex phenomenon of language - culture.

Концептуална структура на предикати за състояние върху материал на български и руски

Author(s): Svetlozara Leseva,Ivelina Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper presents our observations on two major groups of stative predicates – Permanent Properties and Relations and True Statives, as well as their corresponding classes. After an overview of the main theoretical works focusing on stative predicates, we turn to their representation in two lexical-semantic resources – WordNet and FrameNet. We analyse the specific features of the conceptual description using FrameNet frames and demonstrate the research principles through the analysis of predicates for intent, will and desire. The analysis employs data from WordNet synsets and their corresponding equivalents in Bulgarian and Russian, while the examples are extracted from a parallel Polish-Bulgarian-Russian corpus.

ZU WELCHEM TABU SCHWEIGEN SIE GERADE IM MEHRSPRACHIGEN KLASSENZIMMER?

Author(s): Oxana Chira / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

The traditional taboos of mankind are the taboos of the sacred and of the impure. The issues of language impoliteness, verbal aggression and taboo violence have only recently come under a more intensive scientific scrutiny. The paper offers some possibilities for successfully avoiding of taboo words, wherefore it can also be a contribution for a better understanding of taboos in our own, as well as in other cultures and languages. However, the existence of differences between the languages was not sufficient to predict target-deviant behaviour. The question whether language dominance determines cross-linguistic influence has been discussed controversially in studies on simultaneously bilingual students. Flouting taboos entails direct or indirect, social or cultural sanctions.

L'iconostase comme seuil : lexique, symbolique et significations

Author(s): Dumas Felicia / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

This paper proposes a semantical, anthropological and semiological approach to the iconostasis of the Orthodox churches, defined as a threshold between the nave and the sanctuary, between the visible world of the worshippers and the invisible world of the heavenly powers and God. The paper considers a lexical-semantic study of two nouns used in French to refer to this dividing wall, as well as other words (and phrases) which designate other elements of the architectural ensemble which compose the iconostasis; this semantical study will be accompanied by a semiological analysis of the symbolism of the iconostasis (based on the works of liturgical hermeneutics) and of the the liturgical gestures which the iconostasis determines and guides from a semiological point of view, supported by a corpus of notes recorded in France and in Romania (during the liturgical practice) and by a few theological works.

Quelques considérations concernant l'intégration des anglicismes dans la langue française

Author(s): Larisa-Elena Alui-Gheorghe / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Our aim is to analyze a few key factors, which determine the process of borrowing words of English origin into French, and the barriers that these words surpassed in order to be integrated in the French vocabulary. As we noticed, in the everyday speech, there are many words of English origin that have been inserted by the speakers and which are used frequently. What are the reasons that determine the use of this type of words? How can we check if the use of this kind of words is necessary? What solutions can we propose in order to avoid the use of this type of neologisms without a well-defined reason? These are some important questions to which we will try to find appropriate explanations and examples taken from everyday speech.

Още за ролята на средновековния търновски книжовен език като класически

Author(s): Milena Obretenova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article considers the problem about the continual growing of the functional power of the Bulgarian literary language between the IX and XIV century, owing to the purposeful language policy. The result is the conversion of the Bulgarian language in the third and last classical language in Europe. The Innovative in the process of work is the characteristics of classical languages from the sociolinguistic type of view Special accent is placed on the methods of research of Old Bulgarian literary language and the process of forming the rest of the literary languages in the territory of the modern Slavia Orthodoxa.

За композитумите от типа на "кой ще да е"

Author(s): Krasimira Aleksova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In this text, the main object are the composita of the type koy shte da e in the contemporary Bulgarian language. Through specific examples, I establish the specificity of their semantics and their uses in the sentence. The adopted hypothesis is that they are used as indefinite pronouns, and that they share some of the semantic features of the indefinite pronouns of the types koy da e and koyto shte da e. I present the similarities and differences with other types of indefinite pronouns. Emphasis is placed on the paradigmatization of the composita of the koy shte da e type as indefinite pronouns. Some cases of ambiguity of the functions of this type of indefinite pronouns are considered.

Категорията съставни лексикални единици в нормативната граматика

Author(s): Ruska Stancheva,Viara Maldžieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper discusses the systematic description of multiword expressions (MWEs) as objects of grammar. The definition of such units is proposed, their scope is determined, criteria for their identification are derived. A framework for description of the grammatical properties of MWEs is presented that takes into consideration two distinct types of MWEs – syntactic phrasemes and phrasemes. Main normative problems related to the use of syntactic phrasemes are noted.

Средна скорост на речта за българския език (пилотно изследване)

Author(s): Gergana Padareva-Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Bulgarian science has not yet established the average speech rate of adult native speakers of Bulgarian during a talking task. This pilot study aims to measure the average rate of natural speech by applying a methodology in which the measurable speech unit is syllable per minute. 30 individuals (10 men and 20 women) participated in the experiment. They were asked to talk for at least 2 minutes on a topic of their choice. The study found that the speech rate was 280 syllables per minute. Within this pilot experiment, a comparison was also made between men’s and women’s speech, showing a very insignificant difference genderwise.

За изграждането на терминологичната система на старобългарския книжовен език в областта на финансите и стоково-паричните отношения (върху материал от Синайския патерик)

Author(s): Elka Mircheva / Language(s): Bulgarian,Old Slavonic,Old Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article examines insufficiently clarified issues regarding the construction of the Bulgarian terminology in the field of finance and commodity-monetary relations. 3 patericon stories from the Sinaitic Patericon are analyzed. The study involves a significant number of witnesses of the transmission of these texts over a vast chronological segment spanning the 10th – 19th centuries.

Трансформацията на имената от притчите в идеологеми и възприемането на алегориите в старобългарската екзегеза

Author(s): Pirnika Penkova-Lyager / Language(s): Bulgarian,Old Slavonic,Old Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Drawing on the Old Bulgarian translations of Athanasius of Alexandria and Basil the Great, the author traces the use of allegorical theology in the 4th century and its reflection as Прїточное богословие during the 10th century. The linguistic comparison between the use of allegorical key-names by Athanasius of Alexandria and the process of conceptualization of ordinary names to divine predicates and theological terms by Basil the Great provides the necessary discourse for the observations on the language practice of the Preslav’s men of letters. When illustrating the process of deriving human knowledge from the literal to the figurative interpretation of a certain story from the Bible, John the Exarch and Constantine of Preslav relied on a common theological platform, also known from the original works of the two authors. The criteria for the correctness of the exegesis according to the two authors are specified.

За Говорите в Дебърско, Република Албания и родопските диалекти

Author(s): Luchia Antonova-Vasileva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper compares characteristic dialect features of the Bulgarian dialects from the Debar (Dibra) region in the Republic of Albania and features of the Rhodope dialects. The aim of the comparison is to clarify the nature of the similar or identical features in the reflexes of the back nasal and back jer vowel in different phonetic and phono-morphological positions. Attention is also paid to the dialect lexeme ушники – ‘earrings’, which shows common lexical features in the considered area.

Лексикални маркери на българския преселнически говор от смесен тип

Author(s): Svitlana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The lexical diagnostic dialect markers of the Bulgarian dialects in Bessarabia have not been studied at all. The preparation of a complete markers’ list at the different language levels is vital for determining the genetic kinship of these dialects.

За мекостта на билабиалните консонанти в българския и в румънския език (акустичен аспект)

Author(s): Vladislav Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian,Romanian Publication Year: 0

The study analyzes the acoustic characteristics of the bilabial consonants bj, pj and mj in the Bulgarian language and of the bilabial consonants b, p and m in the Romanian language, when preceding the graphic combination ea. The comparative analysis is based on the type of F1 and F2 transition, as the transition of F1 frequencies with soft consonants is lower at the beginning (onset) and higher at the end (offset), while F2 is characterized by higher initial frequencies and lower final frequencies. The experiments show that the acoustic characteristics of the Romanian bilabial consonants b, p and m before ea are close to the acoustic characteristics of the Bulgarian soft bilabial consonants.