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Introduction

Author(s): / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Reactions, measures as well as discourses dealing with the current pandemic vary significantly across the world. While some countries were completely locked down, as was the case in Italy, some had claimed to have very few or no cases, as was the case in Turkey and Indonesia by March 10th, 2020. Nevertheless, the spread of COVID-19 from China has been clearly linked to those travelling from Wuhan in Hubei province in Central China. Therefore, it is important to understand the travel density/volume of passengers carried as well as routes from Wuhan through connected main regional air travel hubs across China. In this study, we developed a model on migration and travel intensity that can explain outbreak and spread of COVID-19 since it appeared at the end of 2019. We show that the presence of migrant stock populations of Chinese origin and the immigrant stock in China are useful indicators in the prediction of the spread of the outbreak worldwide in the event of interaction with several other macro factors. We argue that monitoring immigrant stock data and travel volume data based on human mobility corridors (i.e. origins and destinations), countries could have been better prepared and taken early measures to contain the spread of COVID-19.

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Human Mobility, Covid-19 And Policy Responses: The Rights And Claims-Making Of Migrant Domestic Workers

Author(s): Smriti Rao,Sarah Gammage,Julia Arnold,Elizabeth J. Anderson / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

It is clear that the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) attacks our biological and socio-economic vulnerabilities. Sharp variations in mortality rates have forced us to acknowledge pre-existing inequalities of class, race and gender in the ability to ‘be safe, be well’ even as a disproportionate amount of the economic pain and suffering of this crisis is being visited upon the poorest and most vulnerable. One unique feature of the COVID-19 response is the need to curb mobility to reduce disease transmission. These curbs on human mobility (notably not matched by curbs on flows of capital) directly impact the vast flows of human migration that the global economy is built upon today. And while the bulk of public attention and policy intervention in most countries has been focused on domestic effects, international migrant workers have long been ‘essential but disposable’ workers of the kind most affected by the health and economic effects of the pandemic.

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Facing A Pandemic Away From Home: Covid-19 And The Brazilian Immigrants In Portugal

Author(s): Patricia Posch,Rosa Cabecinhas / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

On January 7, 2020, the Portuguese newspaper, Público, published an article about an unprecedented challenge facing Chinese leaders: a “strange form of pneumonia” (Chaiça, 2020) diagnosed in several patients in the Chinese city of Wuhan, that was subsequently named COVID-19. On March 2, the Portuguese government had placed major hospitals under alert and reinforced the supply of medicines (Campos & Lins, 2020). This occurred even before the declaration of a global pandemic by the World Health Organisation, on March 12 (WHO, 2020), and diagnosis of the first cases in Portugal. On March 18, a national state of emergency was declared - which imposed social measures, such as social isolation and mobility restrictions in public spaces. The state of emergency continued until May 2, when it was replaced by the state of calamity, and then by the state of contingency on July 1.

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Migration And Immigration: Uganda And The Covid-19 Pandemic

Author(s): Agnes Igoye / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This is a reflective commentary on the changing nature of Border Management in Uganda amidst the COVID-19 crisis. The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest health and mobility crisis that our world has ever seen. Following travel restrictions and lock-downs, several countries are gradually opening their air spaces; however, border Governance will never be the same. To restore confidence in global travel, countries will have to rethink their Border Governance regimes, structures, protocols and procedures to accommodate health safety COVID-19 guidelines

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Remittances From Mexican Migrants In The United States During Covid-19

Author(s): Rodolfo García Zamora,Selene Gaspar Olvera / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

According to the World Bank, remittances around the world will fall about 20% as a result of the economic crisis created by the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns. The projected drop, which will be the sharpest fall in recent history, is largely due to the collapse of migrant workers’ wages and employment—workers who are often more vulnerable to the loss of jobs and wages during economic crises in the countries that host them. In light of these predictions, remittances will fall 19.7%, dropping to US$445 billion dollars compared to US$554 billion dollars the previous year. The World Bank predicts that the biggest drops will be in Europe and Central Asia (27.5%), followed by Sub-Saharan Africa (23.1%), South Asia (22.1%), the Middle East and North Africa (19.6%), Latin America and the Caribbean (19.3%) and East Asia and the Pacific (13%). Even when taking this trend into account, the institution considers that remittances will continue to be a very important source of financing for recipient countries compared to direct foreign investment, which it estimates will fall by more than 35% in 2020. This maintains the trend seen in recent years of larger amounts of remittances than direct foreign investment (World Bank, 2020).

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The Covid-19, Migration And Livelihood In India: Challenges And Policy Issues

Author(s): Ram B. Bhagat,Reshmi R.S. / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The worldwide spread of COVID-19 first reported from Wuhan in China is attributed to migration and mobility of people. This paper presents how our understanding of migration and livelihood could be helpful in designing a mitigating strategy of economic and social impact of COVID-19 in India. The paper concludes that there are many challenges migrants face during the spread of COVID-19 resulting from nation-wide lockdown. Many internal migrants faced problems such as lack of food, basic amenities, lack of health care, economic stress, lack of transportation facilities to return to their native places and lack of psychological support. On the other hand, COVID-19 has also brought into sharp focus the emigrants from India and the major migration corridors India shares with the world as well. Although state and central governments have adopted various strategies to deal with these issues, there is a huge uncertainty about how long this crisis will last and what damage it would do to the economy and livelihood of people. This paper further provides some immediate measures and long term strategies to be adopted by the government such as improving public distribution system, strengthening public health system, integration of migrants with development, decentralisation as a strategy to provide health services, and providing support to return migrants to reintegrate them, and alsostrengthen the database on migration and migrant households.

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The Future Of Mobility In A Post Pandemic World: Forced Migration And Health

Author(s): Monette Zard,Ling San Lau / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly challenged long-held assumptions about the inevitability of globalization. Despite efforts by the World Health Organization (WHO) to hew to a multilateral, coordinated and rational pandemic response, countries around the globe have responded to the emergence of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by reflexively closing borders and curtailing mobility. At the same time, stigma, xenophobia and discrimination have surged. As we look back at the first turbulent months of the pandemic, two competing impulses are evident: a tendency to blame, exclude and foment nationalist instincts; and a more reasoned, inclusive response that addresses the needs of marginalized populations, while acknowledging that we are all interconnected in illness and health. We are at an inflection point in the COVID-19 pandemic; whichever one of these impulses is allowed to prevail, it will dramatically shape the public policy agenda, the experiences of refugees and displaced populations worldwide, and the health and wellbeing of our society.

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Multilateralism For Mobility: Interagency Cooperation In A Postpandemic World

Author(s): Daniel Naujoks / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The last decade has seen considerable growth in multilateral approaches to human mobility. A host of partnerships among international organizations have come into existence on human mobility, a term that refers to the broad spectrum of movements associated with migration and displacement. Since the landmark first High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development, held at the United Nations General Assembly in 2006, collaborations between multilateral organizations have increased continuously, both in terms of quantity and quality. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its global and wide-reaching impacts on virtually all aspects of life, has affected these modes of cooperation and will continue to do so in the future. To understand future scenarios of interagency cooperation on human mobility, this chapter outlines the structural determinants influencing such partnerships. This includes structures put in place before the beginning of the pandemic, lessons from the immediate response to COVID-19, and a projection of how future features may impact cooperation in the times ahead.

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Covid-19, Remittances and Repercussions

Author(s): Melissa Siegel / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

According to the United Nations (2020), migrants are currently being affected by three overlapping crises due to COVID-19; a health crisis, a socio-economic crisis and a protection crisis. I will focus here mainly on the socio-economic crisis. Financial or monetary remittances, loosely defined as the money that migrants send back to friends and family members in their countries of origin, are an extremely important lifeline for those that receive them. In 2019, remittances reached a record high of an estimated $714 billion, with an estimated $554 billion going to low and middle income countries (World Bank - KNOMAD, 2020b, p. 30). Unfortunately, it looks like remittances are being heavily impacted by COVID-19. The World Bank (2020b) currently estimates a 20 per cent global reduction in remittances for 2020 with continued shortfalls through 2021.

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Ethiopian-Israeli Women In Academia: A Gender Equality Plan Within The Framework Of Change Project

Author(s): Hana Himi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This study focuses on the coping and experiences of Ethiopian-Israeli women during their studies for advanced degrees, and describes the elements of success and the unique barriers that they face. The literature review presents the intersecting identity approach, which was formed by American scholars and was adapted to the Israeli case. We emphasize the challenges of the gender-race combination, assuming that these two identity factors cannot be disconnected here and that their combination creates unique challenges. Various emotional, cognitive, mental, social, economic and cultural aspects of the Ethiopian immigration to Israel and their significance, separately and combined, are considered as the background of the women’s intersecting identity. The research method was qualitative, and included ten semi-open interviews with women who had PhDs or were in various stages of acquiring advanced degrees. Our findings indicate that barriers that are unique to women who cope with an intersecting identity can be identified and defined. The barriers are varied – from lack of information about the requirements of the Israeli academic system, to coping with emotional and conflictual overload due to their desire to study and their inability to support their family of origin whether financially or emotionally, to an absence of instrumental resources to fund their studies. Coping with their intersecting identity vis-à-vis the academic system was characterized by mental resilience thanks to their personality characteristics, self-confidence, curiosity, and aspiration to develop and succeed together with their considerable ability to adapt to the various demands presented to them and to excel in their achievements. The conclusions of the study focus on the changes that happened in their life: the awareness to promote the representation of Ethiopian-Israeli women in academia, and to create a supportive environment on the personal and academic level. These women can serve as role-models and Mentors for other women in the Ethiopian-Israeli community and for women from other minority groups, and facilitate a pluralistic, multicultural academic system. Additionally, the structural and social barriers should be removed through promoting awareness and policies of equality and fair distribution of public resources.

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Връщането на дейности при транснационалните компании – теоретични и терминологични рамки

Author(s): Magdalina Genova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In recent years, the phenomenon of rehsoring has become increasingly popular. Interest in the return of activities is increasing, both among politicians and scholars, and is being debated as to whether the resourcing is an increasing trend, or part of the traditional strategic mix of companies that, through investment and investment, choose the optimal location for their activities. The study of the evolution, scale and motivation of the return of activities is becoming increasingly important for understanding the drivers behind this phenomenon and for promotion policies. This article outlines the reshoring phenomenon, provides an overview of terminology, and sets out an exemplary research framework to help those working in the field – scientists, policy makers, and more.

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Субкултурни начини на живот в гр. Пловдив

Author(s): Vihra Barova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article aims to present the first results of an anthropological fieldwork carried out in 2012 in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The investigation studies youth subcultures in times of transition. The main carrier of the subculture nowadays is the generation of those born in the late 80's and early 90's. This generation builds its identity in the years of political and economic transition and faces problems that are unknown to the previous generations. The main research interest is focused on the stylistic orientations, ideologies, norms of behavior, and political beliefs of the post-transitional generation.

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Управление на мултикултурни проектни екипи като фактор за повишаване на успеха на проектното портфолио

Author(s): Matilda Aleksandrova,Boryana Bogoeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper is focused on identification of major features of project team management in a global multicultural environment related to the achievement of success of project portfolio management. A special emphasis is put on the interrelation between project portfolio management, organizational strategy, and effectiveness of project teams operating in a global multicultural environment. Various indications are provided regarding the behavioral aspects, multicultural competences, and virtual project teams’ management. Particular attention is devoted to the impacts of the cultural diversity on the management of multicultural project teams.

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Знание и конкурентоспособност: проблеми и перспективи

Author(s): Angel Ivanov,Juliana Hadjitchoneva,Kristian Hadjiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

We explore two vaguely structured concepts – competitiveness and knowledge society. We attempt to describe the relations in between those two concepts and their mutual coherence in the contemporary development context. Authors suggest main directions in development of a complex methodological approach in analysing those relations. We underline the necessity of a new type of education and research methodologies to be employed in the analysis and the evaluation of such complex and multi-aspect phenomena.

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Актуални проблеми на управлението на взаимоотношенията със заинтересованите страни на проекта

Author(s): Nadya Marinova Penova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article gives a closer look to the current issues connected to the project stakeholders engagement management. Sometimes project stakeholders’ interests coincide which positively affects the project implementation. Special attention, however, needs to be paid if stakeholders’ interests differ. That is why project success requires proactive actions on behalf of project managers in order to properly interact with the project stakeholders. In addition, managers must bear in mind that stakeholders’ interests change within the different stages of the product life cycle.

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Потенциални възможности на социалното предприемачество в кръговата икономика на ЕС след присъединяването на България

Author(s): Ivet Tileva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The increasing tendency for creating a circular economy within the EU has a favorable impact on the emergence of new business ideas based on innovations in Bulgaria as well. Social entrepreneurship and the start-ups as its result are about to be the source for green economy due to the development of their own innovative solutions. For the purposes of analysis, as an example a Bulgarian start-up company working in the field of biodegradable waste utilization in an environmentally sound manner is observed. On the basis of the information gathered, a conclusion for the level of significance and the place of the business model in the Community's circular economy is drawn. Additionally, a forecast for development of the particular innovation at international level is formulated.

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Междукултурни различия и ефективно лидерство в екипа

Author(s): Vasil Mihov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Business processes are going global nowadays, project teams include members spread across the globe. The managers face number of challenges managing these teams. They need not just to speak a few languages but to have solid knowledge of different cultures and habits as well as to effectively manage and motivate people who do not think the same way as they do. In this way, this report aims to present the main challenges that arise in managing intercultural teams. The presented position is that managers can effectively manage their teams by adhering to certain principles and strategies – adaptation, structural intervention, management intervention, exit.

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The Impact of Reward Systems on Motivation and Job Satisfaction of Employees in Outsourcing Companies

Author(s): Aleksandar Nikolovski,Maia Tripunoska,Lazar Arsovski / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper examines the impact of reward systems on motivation and job satisfaction of employees in outsourcing organizations, firstly by considering the term reward management, the elements constituting the reward system and the factors that affect it, then through the various theories and strategies of motivation as well as the effects caused by job satisfaction. This paper also considers the term outsourcing, the current and future trends of this concept. Based on the empirical research, this paper offers recommendations and guidelines for creating an appropriate reward system that promotes increased motivation and satisfaction among employees in order to facilitate the successful achievement of the organizational goals.

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Съвременни предизвикателства пред настаняването на борда на служители в бизнес организациите

Author(s): Kiril Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report describes the current managerial challenges in realizing the onboarding activities for new incumbents on existing jobs in the companies. These challenges are disclosed through the lens of decisionmaking theory and the levels of culture formation in the field of appraisal for the initiated onboarding activities by the firm.

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Change Management, A Factor for Development of International Business in The Business Environment

Author(s): Aleksandar Nikolovski,Lazar Arsovski,Maia Tripunoska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The existence of effective, professional and independent managers is of crucial importance for the development of modern change management, an appropriate response to the modern management challenges and implementation of the practices of modern management, thus creating the conditions for the development of the economy and the public sector. The managers are the ones who direct the functioning of their organization in accordance with the strategy and accomplishment of the company’s goals. Today’s environment is becoming more and more diverse and complex to govern, especially for the real global managers. As business is becoming more and more globalized, there is a necessity for more global managers, who act globally, that do not merely deal with the professional goals, but also with the cultural differences and the human interactions at the workplace; they need to keep under control the cultural differences. Managing i.e. governing the employees from different cultural backgrounds means that they should keep pace with the production. Managing the differences of the cultures in different environments in which they work requires a great deal of pressure over them which is why it is necessary to develop certain qualities in order to be a successful change manager. In order to be successful in today’s global economy, managers need to be prepared to do business all around the world. International businesses have activities, partners, alliances and senior managers which represent every global region.

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