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Development of an Evaluation Tool for Participative E-Government Services: A Case Study of Electronic Participatory Budgeting Projects in Germany

Author(s): Adriano Pistoia,Marc ELSÄßER,Philipp NITZSCHE / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2012

In recent years, web 2.0 increasingly gained importance in terms of e- government. In this context, e-participation received more and more attention. However, there are only few examinations providing a structured overview on web 2.0 implementation possibilities in participative e-government. This contribution examines these implementation possibilities using electronic Participative Budgeting projects. The web 2.0 characteristics “interaction orientation”, “personalization”,” social networking”, and “user added value” serve as evaluation criterions. The examination shows that web 2.o implementation in German projects is still at a very low maturity level. In parts, communities have significant implementation significances concerning provided features and integration of citizens. Using the most advanced approaches we illustrate how the targeted use of web 2.0 tools can influence the Participative Budgeting success.

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Konkurencingumo vertinimo metodologinės problemos ir ribotumas

Author(s): Asta Malakauskaitė,Valentinas Navickas / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1/2010

The concept of competitiveness describes the relative, or comparative, position (economic, social, technological, etc.) of a company, industry, region, country or a group of countries with regard to other business firms, industries, countries, and groups of countries. According to Ivanov (2008), first of all, competitiveness is a complex economic phenomenon which has at least 3 levels: macro- (national economy), mezo- (regional economy, industry), and micro- (company economy). Each of the aforementioned levels has its own specifics and unique indicators that are to be applied in the process of competitiveness evaluation. It must be emphasized that the evaluation of competitiveness is economically relevant for a number of reasons: first, it is a process which enables to identify all the strengths and weaknesses of a national economy, striving for balanced and sustainable economic growth; second, the evaluation of competitiveness provides the basis for the creation of efficient economic stimulation instruments, as it identifies the competitive advantages of goods and services, and enables to forecast their ability to compete with analogical goods and services in local and foreign markets. Various competitiveness evaluation methods, which differ in terms of scope and application aim, have an essential common feature – they enable to define the relative position of an object with regard to other analogical objects by the use of various evaluation criteria and competitiveness indicators. The main evaluation problems that arise at the theoretical, or methodological, level are: the absence of a definite, clear, and solid concept of competitiveness; and the limitations caused by various evaluation methods. Practical problems are associated with limited resources, and the quality of (as well as the access to) relevant information, used in the process of competitiveness evaluation.

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Darbuotojų konsultaciniai gebėjimai: raiška ir ugdymo problemos

Author(s): Rasa Smaliukienė,Romas Prakapas,Renata Korsakienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1/2010

Presented paper aims to reveal the problems related to the development of employee consulting skills. Authors introduce and discuss various theories related to professional, social and cognitive skills. The paper provides the results of the survey, which allow us to disclose how respondents react to the consulting activity, how they perceive the skills in the consulting process. Obtained results allow the authors to conclude that the value of the consulting is not perceived adequately by all respondents and the lack of the holistic mindset towards the consultant competencies exists. From the practical standpoint the paper allows us to indicate the skills, which require further development.

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A Territorial Community as a Paradigm?

Author(s): Urmas Arumäe / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

In this article, the author provides a cursory introduction of the idea to base the interpretation of the functional mechanisms of territorial communities on Kuhn’s treatment of the paradigms of scientific communities. According to the author’s interpretation and treatment, territorial communities are human associations that are related to self-organizing territories, the sequence of timely states, which are being called a process. From this, it ensues that a territorial community is a process. Based on the author’s position and the context of territorial communities, paradigms can be explained as follows: the paradigms of territorial communities determine the important objects with which the community deals and the related problems and/or questions that are established and the methods whereby theses problems and/or questions are resolved.

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Creative Proactive-Concluding Theory of Motivating

Author(s): Martina Blašková / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

The article deals with necessity to change the understanding of human resource philosophy to the new philosophy: philosophy of human potential. In these intentions, it is very important to motivate human potential in the organisations. But, in the area of motivating, situation within the organisations isn’t sufficient. Thereto the article gives an introductive presentation of a new theory of motivating: creative proactive-concluding theory of motivating. The theory leads the managers to utilize an individual approach to their employees and use perceptiveness to the needs and expectations of the employees and organisational environment. The model of theory contains a demand to harmonize existing motivational programs with new original motivational elements. It is based upon the trust between the manager and employee. The model also reflects the need to create differenced motivational programs for each employee and manager.

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Aukštąjį išsilavinimą turinčių specialistų poreikio vertinimas

Author(s): Laima Okunevičiūtė Neverauskienė,Arūnas Pocius / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1/2010

According to various sources the need for specialists with higher education is assessed in the article. The tendencies of change in group dynamics are analysed. Important priority of the article is prognosis of the need for specialists. For the analysis and prognosis of the need for specialists, the experience of foreign countries is overwied. The comparative analysis of structures by occupational groups was carried out on the vacancies and filled vacancies in order to get deeper understanding of the current situation. This comparison shows the inadequacy of filled vacancies and vacancies in employee groups with different education. The results of sociological researches supplemented by calculations carried out with the assistance of Labour Exchange database were used to assess the current situation in more detail. This helped to assess the situation at occupational structure of specialists in labour market.

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Accounting Changes in the Public Sector in Estonia

Author(s): Juta Tikk / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

This paper reviews the implementation of the accrual accounting in the entities of the Estonian public sector. It gives a brief overview of the historical development of governmental accounting theories and examines the introduction of theory-based accounting policy. It explains main problems and risks to face in connection with the accounting system change process and offers solutions. This study attempts to answer the following research question: how to gain full benefit from accounting information in public sector entities. As to general scientific research methods, mainly comparative analysis and description were used. This study reveals as follows. Firstly, approach to accrual accounting leads to financial information that fulfils needs for true and fair accounting data for decision making purposes. Secondly, reform of public sector financial accounting can improve the quality and the quantity of services provided to the citizens. Thirdly, the Estonian accounting regulation has recently succeeded a remarkable evolution. Fourthly, considerable problems that need to be solved have arisen from the process of the transition to the accrual basis accounting. The given study does not touch upon the development of budgeting systems for public sector entities. Hopefully, this study will contribute to further optimization of accounting systems and management tools for public sector entities in Estonia. Therefore, it will contribute to economic growth and development of business environment. Studies carried out by independent researchers on the move to accrual based accounting in public sector entities are relatively scarce.

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