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The Solid Waste Management System and Its Impact on the Sustainable Development of the Resort Area. A Case from Kazakhstan

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The Solid Waste Management System and Its Impact on the Sustainable Development of the Resort Area. A Case from Kazakhstan

Author(s): Sergey Bespalyy / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: sustainable development; economics; municipal solid waste; resort area; environmental protection; ecological safety;

The article examines the current management system for heavy household waste (MSW) in resort areas in Kazakhstan. The work carried out an assessment of the municipal solid waste management infrastructure, which used the data of experts in the field of sustainable development in terms of environmental impact. The analysis of the prerequisites for the creation of a solid waste management system in the Shortandy-Burabay and Bayanaul resort zones has been carried out. Analysis of the dynamics of production and consumption waste generation shows a sharp tendency for their increase in recent years in the areas of resort areas. This is mainly due to the improvement in the general economic situation. The sanitary situation in resort areas is significantly complicated by environmental pollution by waste from settlements, recreational complexes, industrial and agricultural enterprises. Waste from production and consumption is stored in certain places, the organization and content of which in most cases does not meet regulatory requirements. The article proposes an integrated solid waste management system. The introduction of an integrated management system will reduce the volume of waste disposal, as well as bring economic and social effects in the considered resort areas.

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Corporate Social Responsibility and Socio-Environmental Conflicts in Peruvian Mining Company

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Corporate Social Responsibility and Socio-Environmental Conflicts in Peruvian Mining Company

Author(s): Julián Pérez Falcón,Edwin Ramirez Asis,Jesús Vizcarra Arana,Einer Espinoza Muñoz,Mohsin Raza / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: socio-environmental conflicts; contamination; mining company; corporate social responsibility;

Corporate social responsibility is an extremely important aspect that every organization should give the proper importance; on the other hand, socio-environmental conflicts should be considered by every company to have an optimal development, which is why the present study proposes the relationship between these two aspects. The objective of this research study was to determine the relationship between corporate social responsibility of the mining company Lincuna S.A. and the socio-environmental conflicts of the inhabitants of the province of Ticapampa, Ancash Region, Peru. The present study is a non-experimental, descriptive correlational study where the statistically determined sample was 332 subjects who answered a questionnaire of 30 questions, 15 about corporate social responsibility and 15 about socio-environmental conflicts.

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Appraisal of Sand and Gravel Quarrying Operations in Southern Negros Occidental for Promotion of Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative in the Philippines

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Appraisal of Sand and Gravel Quarrying Operations in Southern Negros Occidental for Promotion of Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative in the Philippines

Author(s): Mary Ann S. Dagunan / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: sand and gravel quarrying; extractive industry transparency initiative; Southern Negros Occidental; Philippines;

The study was conducted to assess the status of sand and gravel quarrying operations in Southern Negros Occidental for promotion of extractive industry transparency initiative in the Philippines. Specifically, this sought to determine the number of quarry operators with approved permits and applicants, the source and volume of extraction, the validity of permits, ground validation of maps, and the collection of issues and concerns about sand and gravel quarrying.The collected data was summarized and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as means, frequencies, and percentages.Spatial data verification,on the other hand, was carried out using a handheld global positioning system device. According to the findings, the extracted sand and gravel were used for industrial and commercial purposes. A total of 73.47 hectares were obtained from various sources. Approximately 200 of 738 applications were approved, with an allowed maximum extraction volume of 432,600 cubic meters. Data also show that a substantial amount of sand and gravel are extracted in the Cauayan, Sipalay, Ilog, and Hilabangan rivers. The most common problems and issues identified were destruction of river banks, landscapes and croplands and failure to disseminate proper information during public hearings or community consultations. Quarry operators have had to deal with issues such as environmental study compliance, costly road rights of way, accretion along river banks, and required road rights of way payments.

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Mapping of Fire Detection Using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Satellite Imagery to Reduce the Risk of Environmental Damage

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Mapping of Fire Detection Using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Satellite Imagery to Reduce the Risk of Environmental Damage

Author(s): Rosalina Kumalawati,Avela Dewi,Astinana Yuliarti,Rizky Nurita Anggraini,Karnanto Hendra Murliawan / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: mapping; fire detection; S-NPP VIIRS; environmental damage;

The frequency of fires increases and triggers environmental damage, so it needs detection to minimize negative impacts. Fire detection using S-NPP VIIRS satellite imagery. Based on the background, research was conducted with the title "Mapping of Fire Detection Using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Satellite Imagery to Reduce the Risk of Environmental Damage" .Research in Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan Province. Hotspot data from S-NPP VIIRS satellite image recording in 2012-2021. Data analysis is descriptive qualitative (describes the distribution of hotspots) and quantitatively (maps the frequency and distribution of hotspots) as the first step in detecting fires to reduce the risk of environmental damage. The risk of environmental damage is known using a questionnaire. The results of the study revealed that the highest number of hotspots and nominal and high confidence levels were in September (1370) and October (1050). The greater the number of hotspots with a nominal confidence level and high the potential for fires and environmental damage the higher. Environmental damage in the study area is quite high (>75%). Research findings show that fire detection results can be used as a strategy to reduce the risk of environmental damage and minimize negative impacts.

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The Waste Management and the Environmental Campaign “KangPisMan” to Awareness of the Environmental Sustainability's Importance

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The Waste Management and the Environmental Campaign “KangPisMan” to Awareness of the Environmental Sustainability's Importance

Author(s): Dhini Ardianti,Dadang Rahmat Hidayat,Iriana Bakti,Sri Mulyani / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: waste management; environmental campaign; KangPisMan; environmental sustainability;

KangPisMan, an acronym from Kurangi, Pisahkan, dan Manfaatkan Sampah (reduce, sort, and reutilize waste), is a movement to engage the people of Bandung city to implement the 3Rs: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle on waste management. There are several approaches for the awareness using socialization for the concerns of KangPisMan, including environmental campaigns through social media platforms. This study explores the effect of the KangPisMan social media (i.e., Instagram) environmental campaign on its followers’ waste management attitude used the Ostergaard campaign model and focusing on two main aspects of the campaign message, content and structure. The study used a quantitative approach provided by the survey method of questionnaire. The studied population was Instagram account @kangpisman followers (6,460 accounts). A hundred sample accounts were selected based on the Slovin formula using random sampling with SmartPLS 3.0 application. Results of the questionnaire from 100 selected followers accounts showed that attractive campaign messages with good content and structure delivered by KangPisMan generated positive followers’ responses. The analysis of each factor showed that the message structure significantly affected followers’ attitude on managing their waste. These findings reveal that Instagram account used for the environmental campaign purposes (@kangpisman) need serious management efforts, clear program description, creativity, attractive image visualization, communicative and easy-to-understand messages. Besides that, the applicable waste management messages contents were considered necessary to be accepted, motivate and drive the people to act positively on managing their waste.

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Tort Liability for Environmental Pollution

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Tort Liability for Environmental Pollution

Author(s): Majd Waleed Manasra,Said Al Mamari,Ashraf Mohamad Gharibeh,Muhammad Najm,Anan Shawqi Younes,Ahmad Hussein Alsharqawi / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: environmental protection law; tort liability; jordanian law; justice;

This research is concerned with stating the legal provisions set for tort liability of environmental Pollution as stated by the Environmental Protection Law No. 6 of 2017 and its amendments. In fact, and at the beginning, the research approached the definitions of each of the terms of environmental Pollution, types, and sources of ecological Pollution according to the methodology of the Jordanian legislators. Further, the Environmental Protection Law No. 6 of 2017 and its amendments and Jordanian Civil Law No. (43) Of 1976 were analyses, after which the elements on which the tort liability is based were concluded, followed by examining some of the cases presented to the Jordanian judiciary.

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The Current State of Food Security in Kazakhstan, in the Context of Eurasian Economic Union. Environmentally Overview in the Case of Climate Change's Scenarios

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The Current State of Food Security in Kazakhstan, in the Context of Eurasian Economic Union. Environmentally Overview in the Case of Climate Change's Scenarios

Author(s): Darima Zhenskhan,Alexandr Pyagay,Roza Bespayeva,Maulet Kadrinov,Zhibek Omarkhanova,Asiya Tatikova / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: climate changes; environment; food security; Eurasian Economic Union; agricultural products;

In the context of changing climatic factors, for the purpose of food security, it is necessary to use certain quantitative components of the global food system. This research article presents a comprehensive analysis of the current state of food security in the Republic of Kazakhstan in connection with the Eurasian Economic Union, including the agricultural system of the countries of Eurasia and food trade, an analysis of the main indicators of agriculture and their spatial and temporal characteristics from 1991 to 2021. The profound impact of COVID-2019 on food systems has been described. We scientifically substantiate the importance of maintaining a balance of interests of the common market for agricultural products and protecting the sovereignty of the states that are members of the EAEU, in the context of assuring measures to ensure food security and climate changes. Taking into consideration the main economic indicators of the agro-industrial complex, we will conduct a comprehensive analysis of the volume of agricultural production determine the level of per capita consumption of basic food products. Despite the achievements of Kazakhstan in the agricultural sector in spatial and temporal changes, we identify specific problems that negatively affect the growth of its production potential. As a result, we will reveal the causes of price instability, the lack of access to socially significant goods in Kazakhstan, and also offer some ways to solve these in the conditions of climate changes.

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The Effect of Environmental Issues on Customer’s Environmental Safety Pattern: An Experiential Text Analysis in the Literature

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The Effect of Environmental Issues on Customer’s Environmental Safety Pattern: An Experiential Text Analysis in the Literature

Author(s): Mahrinasari Ms,S. Pujiyono,Agnes L.Ch. Lapian,Arif Firmansyah,Noor Saptanti,Dhian Tyas Untari / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: environmental marketing policies; green product costs; sustainable purchasing behavior;

Rapid economic growth, especially in some developed and developing countries, has exacerbated the collapse of the environment. At this point, buying green products daily is considered an effective way to solve some of the excessive environmental problems. This study aims to investigate how the consumer's environmental protection purchase behavior affects corporate green marketing policies. To achieve this goal, current researchers have used qualitative textual analysis and collected data, including the current literature. As we focused on maximal validation, databases were mainly used to collect information from peer-reviewed sources. The result indicates that price sensitivity plays a detrimental role, especially in the correlation between green use objectives and environmental concerns. Also, the results reveal that environmental concern plays a fractional role, especially in environmental liability based on the intent of green use. The results of this study will be essential, especially how collaboration managers can establish their green marketing strategy with the aim of limiting price sensitivity, especially among customers. Finally, this study concludes that corporates must focus on diverting consumer attention to the price of green products. This can be done by highlighting some unique green products' qualities including environment-friendly, organic and low carbon productivity.

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Greenhouse Gas Trading Scheme in the Republic of Kazakhstan - Seven Years from Its Creation, Problems and Solutions

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Greenhouse Gas Trading Scheme in the Republic of Kazakhstan - Seven Years from Its Creation, Problems and Solutions

Author(s): Marat Kozhikov,Bauyrzhan Kapsalyamov / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: climate policy frameworks; GHG trading scheme; GHG emissions; Kazakhstan; emerging economies;

The article studies the greenhouse gas trading scheme in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The research analyzes an international experience in the sphere of greenhouse gas emissions trading and identifies the main provisions which are fundamental for the efficient work of emissions trading schemes. The work of the Kazakhstan greenhouse gas trading scheme was examined through these key provisions. Materials represent the work of emissions trading schemes in several countries, and, particularly, in the Republic of Kazakhstan. For a more detailed study, further directions were proposed to improve the work of the emissions trading scheme.

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Environmental Awareness and Environmental Management Practices: Mediating Effect of Environmental Data Distribution

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Environmental Awareness and Environmental Management Practices: Mediating Effect of Environmental Data Distribution

Author(s): Muhammad Syaiful Saehu,Ahyar Muhammad Diah,Felix Julca-Guerrero,Rosario Huerta-Soto,Lorenzo Valderrama-Plasencia / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: environmental awareness; management practices; environmental data distribution; corporate sustainability;

This study investigates how environmental awareness of suppliers affects the distribution of products and services and management performance of environmental data using three key indicators: MPI (Management Performance Indicator), OPI (Operational Indicator Index), ECI (Environmental Condition Indicator). In order to prove these relations, the research models and hypotheses were established. After collecting 295 samples of effective responses from suppliers, an experimental analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling. The main findings reveals that the environmental awareness of suppliers influence the distribution and the representation of environmental data to the management with mediating effect on the relationship between suppliers and environment. This study has important significances: an academic one, that the scope of environmental awareness was extended from the consumer to the organizational perspective, especially to suppliers; another practical due that it has increased environmental awareness of suppliers improving the environmental management performance; and also, an educational with positive implications for the dissemination of environmental information.

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The Problem of Water Resources Pollution with Active Pharmaceutical Substances and the Possibility of Its Solving

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The Problem of Water Resources Pollution with Active Pharmaceutical Substances and the Possibility of Its Solving

Author(s): Raikhan Beisenova,Symbat Tulegenova,Rumiya Tazitdinova,Ainur Orkeyeva,Zhazira Beisenbekova / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: water pollution; pharmaceutical industry; spectrophotometric determination; granular activated carbon; drotaverine hydrochloride;

Environmental pollution by pharmaceutical products has become one of the most significant problems in the modern world. It also touched upon the countries of Central Asia, including Kazakhstan. Pharmaceutical production in the country is growing rapidly, with drugs widely available to the population. This inevitably leads to the fact that a significant part of medicinal compounds gets into the environment and, in particular, into water bodies. It is obvious that pollution of the aquatic environment with various active pharmaceutical compounds harms the aquatic ecosystem, worsens the quality of water, and, subsequently, human health. That is why the need for the inactivation of pharmaceutical products polluting the aquatic environment is so urgent. The objectives of this study were to identify pharmaceutical compounds in the aquatic environment of Kazakhstan and to test the effectiveness of activated carbon as a means for wastewater treatment by adsorption.

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Municipality Solid Waste Management. A Case Study of Smart City Bhubaneswar, Odisha

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Municipality Solid Waste Management. A Case Study of Smart City Bhubaneswar, Odisha

Author(s): Sasmita Mohanty,Sitikantha Mishra,Ashish Mohanty / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: Bhubaneswar Municipality Corporation; solid waste management; urban expansion; waste disposal system; landfills COVID 19;

Waste Management has become a big problem in India as a result of rapid urbanization. The urban population is around 377 million spread over 7,935 cities and towns who generates 62 million tones municipal solid waste per year. Only 43 million tons (MT) of the waste is collected, 11.9 MT is treated, and 31 MT is dumped in landfill sites. One of the essential services provided by Municipal Corporation is Solid Waste Management in order to keep the urban area clean. Further, The COVID-19 pandemic-induced catastrophe has altered the dynamics of waste generation in practically every sector around the world, necessitating specific attention. Unpredictable changes in trash quantity and composition also put pressure on policymakers to react quickly. Nevertheless, almost all the solid waste is dumped within the city haphazardly. It is believed that India had an unsound system of waste disposal management. This study was carried out to find out the issues if any regarding the solid waste management practices undertaken by Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation and suggest certain remedial measures to improve the system.

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The Effect of Water Depth on the Structure and Allocation of Waterlily (Nymphaea pubescens Willd) Biomass in Lebak Swampland in Kalimantan Selatan

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The Effect of Water Depth on the Structure and Allocation of Waterlily (Nymphaea pubescens Willd) Biomass in Lebak Swampland in Kalimantan Selatan

Author(s): Bakti Nur Ismuhajaroh,Didik Indradewa,Budiastuti Kurniasih,Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: biomass allocation; water depth; Nymphaea pubescens; lebak swampland; biomass structure;

Nymphaea pubescens is found in the swamplands of Kalimantan Selatan, where it lives in the shape of a basin with divergent levels of water. From February to June 2019, the environment and its development were studied in four zones, with depth differences ranging from 28 to 95 meters in the zone I, 28 to 99 meters in zone II, 54 to 112 meters in zone III, and 55 to 124 meters in zone IV. A transect system is used to zone the area, with fluctuating degrees of water depth reflected in each zone as one moves closer to a basin. Geomorphology in a basin has an essential relief, causing different levels of water surface depth in lebak swampland. The GPS was used to determine the distance traveled. The purposive sampling technique determines the number of observation stations in each zone. In zone I, waterlily growth generated smaller and more frequent leaves than plants in zone II, which produced smaller and fewer leaves than plants in zone III, which produced smaller and fewer leaves than plants in zone IV. However, the area of the leaves expanded greatly with the depth of water, although the number of leaves fell dramatically with water depth. The organization of the percentage of biomass for the development of shoots and roots was different, even though the total biomass was not statistically different. Waterlily growing in shallower water depths had larger biomass allocations for seeds and lower biomass allocations for roots. Root biomass increased significantly as the depth of the water body increased. This experiment showed that the deeper the water, the lesser the nutrients and the greater the extent the roots must spread to meet their nutritional requirements. Even though the relationship between leaf area and bloom number weakened as water depth increased, the relationship between leaf number and root number was significantly positive concerning biomass and water depth. Groundwater depth has a significant effect on the allocation of underground biomass (A), with the biomass proportion decreasing as water depth increases from 28 to 95 cm in zone I = 53.1 percent to 28–99 cm in zone II = 53.7 percent to 55–124 cm in zone III = 48.6 percent in zone IV = 42.4 percent. Because water depth has a considerable effect on the average aboveground biomass–to–underground biomass ratio, the average root crown ratio decreases as water depth increases. Among the lowest average ratios found are those found at a water depth of 55–124 cm in zone IV (ratio of 0.54 ± 0.2), while the highest average percentage found is that found at a water depth of 28–95 cm in the zone I (ratio of 1.25 ± 0.61).

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Environmental Concerns Associated with the Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex and Analysis of Its Financing

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Environmental Concerns Associated with the Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex and Analysis of Its Financing

Author(s): Zhanar Lukpanova,Almagul Jumabekova,Abzal Mukushev,Gulnar Mataibayeva,Maulet Kadrinov,Zamzagul Baimagambetova / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: business process; management; green economy; productivity; recycling;

The world's agriculture is transforming from a traditional to a high-tech industry that is able to create new markets for innovative and investment decisions and developments, striving to increase labor productivity and yields. Only advanced mechanized solutions can sometimes help to achieve significant results in this area, given the current problems, as well as the economic, environmental and social challenges facing the countryside. The purpose of the study is to identify the environmental concerns associated with the development of the agro-industrial complex and the analysis of its financing in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the creation of an environmentally oriented system for the utilization of agricultural waste.

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Solid Waste Collection Service Satisfaction in Non-Service Area of Jigawa State, Nigeria

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Solid Waste Collection Service Satisfaction in Non-Service Area of Jigawa State, Nigeria

Author(s): Mansur Aminu,Latifah Abd Manaf,Amir Hamzah Sharaai,Nazatul Syadia Zainordin / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: residents; solid waste collection; satisfaction; non-residents; non-service area;

The absence of a sound solid waste collection services poses a major challenge for the residents and local authority in Jigawa State. Providing solid waste collection services remain a distant hope, mainly because local authority could not provide the services to the region. Solid waste collection is concentrated only in the capital Dutse, where other local authority areas are without collection services, therefore, the risk of the region to uncontrolled waste disposal is high. The objective of the study is to examine the satisfaction with solid waste collection service in non-service areas of Jigawa State, Nigeria. Quantitative technique was used in data collection, and the questionnaire was designed based on a 5-Likert scale to study solid waste collection service satisfaction among the resident’s. The instrument was validated by 8 panel of experts selectively drawn from academia and local authority with the reliability of the instrument standing at 0.846, which is worthy enough for the instrument to be accepted.and simple random sampling method were used to select respondents. With population of 37,281 households, the recommended sample is 394 at a 95% confidence level. In addition, 10% of the calculated sample was added to round it up to 433 households selected for the study, where the multistage sampling technique was used to administer the questionnaires to the respondents. The data was analyze using SPSS (IBM 25 version), descriptive statistics with frequency and percentage, then illustrated and interpreted. The findings revealed that 283 (74%) of the respondents were satisfied with the level of household participation in solid waste collection, 248 (65%) of the respondents reported being satisfied with the cleanliness of the non-service area done by the non-residents. 231 (60%) were satisfied with collection frequency. On the other hand, 219 (57%) were not satisfied with the absence of waste collection service, a weak percentage 10 (3%) of the respondents were very not satisfied with the collection services by the non-residents. The study suggest that although solid waste collection services provided by the non-residents are somewhat acceptable, there is much room for improvement on the part of the local authority to enhance the system. Planning and policy implementation as well as institutional and legal framework is required for optimum integration of non-residents in to formal waste collection, this is very crucial to ensure efficient service delivery and satisfaction to non-service areas.

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Analysis of Village Community Recycle Participation Behavior to Maintain Environmental Quality. Empirical Evidence in Waste Banks in Indonesia

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Analysis of Village Community Recycle Participation Behavior to Maintain Environmental Quality. Empirical Evidence in Waste Banks in Indonesia

Author(s): Hadi Sasana,Diah Lutfi Wijayanti,Herbasuki Nurcahyanto,Ivo Novitaningtyas / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: recycle participation behavior; environmental quality; theory of planned behavior; environmental management;

Community participation in maintaining environmental quality through waste management is very necessary. This study aims to analyze the behavior of recycling participation in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework. The object of the research is the village community members of the Resik Apik Waste Bank, Pati Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results of the analysis show that the recycling participation behavior of rural communities with relatively low levels of education is more driven by personal norms, satisfaction with the service provided, and intention to act. Therefore, it is important to encourage the understanding and knowledge of the villagers about recycling to increase their intention and behavior in recycling waste. Indirectly, social norms are significant for recycling participants through personal norms and intentions to act.

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Improving the Efficiency of the National Healthcare as Oriented Sustainable System. The Socio-Economic Aspects and Environmental Issues

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Improving the Efficiency of the National Healthcare as Oriented Sustainable System. The Socio-Economic Aspects and Environmental Issues

Author(s): Bakhytzhan Smailov,Roza ANDAROVA,Gulvira Akybayeva,Yelena Gordeyeva,Sagynysh Mambetova,Nikolay Gelashvili / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: healthcare system; efficiency; medical; social; economic; environmental; sustainability;

Based on a review of existing approaches, the article substantiates the nature of medical services as a mixed public good in relation with the sustainability of our society. In this regard, the typology of the modern healthcare sector is investigated on the basis of detailing the theoretical constructs underlying the applied models in response to their organizational mechanism. It is established that the target of all applied models of organization of the healthcare system is to search for optimal productivity. Medical efficiency of healthcare generates organizational effectiveness of therapeutic measures, social efficiency – the accessibility to medical services, economic efficiency – resource efficiency, environmental efficiency – overall sustainability of the healthcare system. The findings of this research outline that the ideal model of the healthcare system, besides the fact that should have a high medical, social and economic efficiency, should also be an environmentally oriented sustainable system which will allow healthy life also for the next generations.

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Pottery of the Funnel Beaker Culture in Settlement Contexts of the North-Eastern Coast of the Vistula Lagoon: Case Studies of Ushakovo and Pribrezhnoye Sites

Author(s): Edwin Zaltsman / Language(s): English / Issue: 24/2020

Keywords: north-eastern coast of the Vistula Lagoon; Kaliningrad region; Funnel Beaker culture; Primorskaya culture; Zedmar culture; settlement; chronology;

The article characterises new materials obtained in the course of studies of Neolithic (according to the Baltic periodisation) settlements of the Vistula Lagoon coast. These sources according to all their features belong to the Funnel Beaker culture, whose monuments were previously unknown in the region. All Funnel Beaker materials were identified in settlements, the main cultural complexes of which belong to the Primorskaya culture. Small sites of the Funnel Beaker culture existed here before the arrival of the Primorskaya population. In Ushakovo 3, Funnel Beaker pottery were found in the cultural layer in the eastern part of the excavation area, where it lies mainly separate from ceramics of the Primorskaya culture. In Pribrezhnoye, in addition to pottery, traces of two constructions with a double-row pillar wall structure were found. Buildings were of a ground type, elongated, with a width of not more than 3.20 m. Technological and morphological characteristics of ceramic fragments found within the buildings leave no doubt that these complexes belong to the Funnel Beaker culture. Also, two amphorae with typical features of the ‘badenised’ Funnel Beaker culture were revealed here. Funnel Beaker ceramic ware was also found in the cultural layer of settlements. All these materials from the settlements of Ushakovo 3 and Pribrezhnoye are dated in the range of 3500-3100 BC. It is most likely that inconsiderable human groups of the Funnel Beaker culture reached the coastal area around the middle of the 4th millennium BC when local communities of the Neolithic Zedmar culture had existed on this territory for a long time.

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Second Half of the 4th Millennium BC: Time of Changes in the Tripolye and Funnel Beaker Cultures

Author(s): Małgorzata Rybicka / Language(s): English / Issue: 24/2020

Keywords: Western Ukraine; Funnel Beaker culture; Tripolye culture; 4th millennium BC; cultural changes; settlement changes;

The 2012–2019 investigations in Western Ukraine identified the reaches of the Funnel Beaker and Tripolye cultures in western Volhynia and on the upper Dniester, and syncretic phenomena produced in all likelihood by direct contacts between the representatives of these different communities. Moreover, it was found that the contacts were greatly intensified by the exchange of so-called Volhynia flint. It was distributed to both the Late Tripolye Brînzeni group in northern Moldavia and the eastern and south-eastern groups of the FBC. The intensification of contacts between the communities of the two cultures may be associated with the lifetime of the Brînzeni group. The investigations sought to answer the question what changes were induced in these cultures by the intensification of contacts between their populations.

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Mangrove Conservation, Ecotourism, and Development Strategy in Bandar Bakau Dumai, Indonesia

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Mangrove Conservation, Ecotourism, and Development Strategy in Bandar Bakau Dumai, Indonesia

Author(s): Irwan Effendi,Dessy Yoswaty,Irawan Harahap,Jupendri Jupendri,Andrizal Andrizal / Language(s): English / Issue: 5(61)/2022

Keywords: conservation infrastructure; ecotourism facilities; ecotourism services; SWOT analysis; tourism management;

Mangrove ecosystems have components of landscapes, flora, fauna, and local communities to form a unified ecosystem. Bandar Bakau Dumai (BBD) is a mangrove conservation and ecotourism area located on the outskirts of Dumai City, Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the current and past conditions of the area and develop strategies for developing it in the future. The research was carried out by observing, interviewing, non-structured in-depth interviewing, and studying literature. The condition and potential of the mangrove ecotourism area were analyzed from the attractiveness, infrastructure, facilities and services, market potential, institutional elements, and socio-economic conditions of the community. The development strategy is formulated using a SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat) analysis by systematically identifying various factors to determine the priority of the development strategy. The BBD conservation area is still relatively good and has not changed from previous years. However, the role of mangrove ecotourism is far removed. The supporting facilities and infrastructure are generally not maintained. The following recovery and development strategies are recommended: increasing human resource capacity; strengthening the role of the government, industry, and sponsors in the development of facilities and infrastructure; proper promotion and marketing; and varying ecotourism services and products; and construction coastal abrasion protectors.

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