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Environmental Safety and Legal Regulation of Medical Waste Management: International Experience

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Environmental Safety and Legal Regulation of Medical Waste Management: International Experience

Author(s): Roza Seilkassymova,Daniya Nurmukhankyzy,Aktoty Rzabay,Zhangali Baktykhozhayev,Indira Nessipbayeva / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: medical waste; hazardous waste; radioactive substances; environmental safety; state regulation; treatment of medical waste; radioactive waste;

The article deals with the issues of protecting the population and the environment from the harmful effects of medical waste. Medical waste is dangerous, as the biomaterial carrying the virus accumulates. The list of medicines used in the activities of medical institutions, along with the risk of waste, is also extensive. In the world practice, the issues of neutralization and processing of medical waste are considered. In addition, the analysis of sanitary requirements and legal regulations for the disposal of medical waste was carried out. The hazard class of medical waste is considered depending on the degree of their epidemiological, toxicological and radiation hazard, as well as negative impact on the habitat.

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A Comparative Analysis of Green Finance Awareness in Poland and Romania

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A Comparative Analysis of Green Finance Awareness in Poland and Romania

Author(s): Małgorzata Siemionek-Ruskań,Błażej Lepczyński,Mina Fanea-Ivanovici / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: green finance; green bonds; European Green Deal;

In the context of the European Green Deal, green finance represents an important development in the financial landscape. We hereby do a comparative analysis of perceptions and awareness in terms of green finance products and future demand for green finance in Poland and Romania, the two largest CEE EU countries. Using a survey (n=363), we identify the main similarities and differences between the two categories of respondents. More than a half of the respondents from each country are interested in green finance activities. While for most issues, Polish and Romanians provide similar answers, there is a big discrepancy in the level of awareness regarding green finance, which is higher in Poland. The similarity resides from the side of the main benefits resulting from implementing green financial instruments by companies. Both Polish and Romania respondents choose cost savings and improving company’s image as the factors with highest importance. We then discuss the main research and practical implications.

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The Role of the Public Administration in Protecting the Environment from Pollution

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The Role of the Public Administration in Protecting the Environment from Pollution

Author(s): Noor Alhendi,Muamar Salameh / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: environment; Jordanian law; trinity; public administration; administrative control; decisions;

The environment is the vital medium in which man lives, so it has become the focus of human societies' interest to provide a safe environment for individual living, and the rapid growth and expansion of human societies and the prosperity of industries that generate problems in the environment, including pollution. Hence, interest in the problem of environmental pollution began, which created mechanisms to protect the environment, and there became international and regional agreements in this regard, which created interest in the existence of legislative mechanisms regulating the protection of the environment and occupied a high position as the legal means that simplifies protection for the environment and is considered the legal reference in setting general policies to protect the environment from The danger of pollution and the protection of humans and the environment from its harmful effects. Since the administration is considered to have the largest and most important role in protecting the environment, with its general powers granted to it by legislation to preserve the environment and deter violators. This study came to show the means of administrative control in protecting the environment from types of pollution and was limited to the means of administrative control in protecting the environment from pollution.

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Bird Diversity as a Support of Ecotourism Activities in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Lembongan Island Bali

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Bird Diversity as a Support of Ecotourism Activities in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Lembongan Island Bali

Author(s): I Ketut Ginantra,I Ketut Muksin,Martin Joni,Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusuma Yuni / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: bird diversity; mangrove ecosystem; Lembongan Island; habitat use by birds; ecotourism attractions;

Research has been carried out on bird diversity to support ecotourism attractions in the mangrove area of Lembongan Island. The research was conducted in April - August 2021. The focus of this research is the identification, description of bird species and the use of habitats for bird activities. To achieve this goal, the following steps were taken: Identification of bird species based on morphological characteristics, determining the abundance of bird species using the point count method, determining bird activity at each ecosystem site of mangroves with ad libitum sampling method. Bird species diversity was determined by the Shannon-Wiener index. The results of the study found 32 species of birds belonging to 26 families. Most of the birds found were terrestrial birds with 21 species, and water birds (shore birds) with 11 species. Overall, the diversity of bird species in the mangrove ecosystem is in the high category (diversity index 3.03) and the species evenness index is high (evenness index 0.87). The types of vegetation used by birds at the 7 research sites were mangrove vegetation, mangrove associations and dry land vegetation. The presence of birds, bird conservation status, bird activities, habitat use by birds in mangrove habitats are attractive attractions for ecotourism.

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Criminal Behavior as a Basis for Criminal Responsibility for the Crime of Introducing Substances Hazardous to the Environment in Jordanian Legislation

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Criminal Behavior as a Basis for Criminal Responsibility for the Crime of Introducing Substances Hazardous to the Environment in Jordanian Legislation

Author(s): Abdullah Alkhseilat,Tareq Al-Billeh,Majd Almanasra,Naji Alwerikat / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: the criminal behavior; the criminal liability; hazardous substances; hazardous waste; environmental pollution;

The aim of the research is to clarify the conditions of criminal behaviour appropriate to determine the criminal liability for the crime of introducing waste and hazardous substances to the environment, the research problem lies in the fact that most penal legislation still assesses criminal liability for the introduction of waste, and hazardous substances to the environment on the basis that these harmful substances and wastes were introduced in a direct, and certain manner, whereas the methods of the indirect introduction of these harmful substances and wastes were not taken into account, which found a legislative loophole in which the offender avoids criminal liability for his criminal behaviour by introducing substances that are hazardous to the environment, in addition to highlighting the impact of written or oral approval or licenses on the introduction of hazardous substances and waste on criminal behaviour and identifying those criminally responsible for polluting the environment. The research followed the analytical approach, by analysing the provisions regulating the subject of this research, and the research came out with several results and recommendations, the most important of which is that criminal liability for the introduction of waste and hazardous substances does not require direct harm, and the mere introduction of hazardous substances and waste to the environment is a serious crime.

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Resource Endowment of Rural Areas: Indicators, Assessment Procedures

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Resource Endowment of Rural Areas: Indicators, Assessment Procedures

Author(s): Talgat Kussaiynov,Sandugash Tokenova / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: rural area; households; economic resources; resource endowment; resource distribution; indicators; Gini coefficient;

The specific objectives of the baseline study are to (a) characterize the livelihoods of rural communities with respect to their physical, natural, financial, human, and social assets, (b) identify opportunities and key constraints to productivity and resource management, and (b) establish baseline information that could be used for the monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment of socio-economic projects in the region.A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data through a number of visits. Around 1200 households were interviewed. It is established that there are significant imbalances in the distribution of economic resources among households. This circumstance objectively hinders the growth of the solvent potential of the rural population and hinders the economic development of rural areas. In addition, there are no organized forms of economic interaction of households in the studied region. Meanwhile, social capital in the form of a cooperative or other form of association is, in principle, a powerful means of solving socio-economic problems in rural areas, including in the supply of resources and the promotion of their own products on the market. The results obtained highlight the major constraints and opportunities that would guide intervention projects to improve food security and reduce poverty in the survey sites.

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Culture-Based Landscape Concept of the Sea Tribe Old Kampong of Batam City

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Culture-Based Landscape Concept of the Sea Tribe Old Kampong of Batam City

Author(s): Nabila Tamaya Chanet,Andi Gunawan,Aris Munandar / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: coastal landscape; cultural landscape; design; traditional landscape; tourism; vernacular landscape;

Sea tribes is one of the native tribes still surviving in Batam city despite its rapid development. Their life patterns had changed from when they lived in the sea until now, living on the island's shores. In addition, these changes reflect how they currently use space for their daily lives. The current condition of the settlement arrangement still does not accommodate the principles of their way of life, who constantly sail the ocean. In light of this, research is needed to formulate a residential landscape that accommodates their cultural needs. This study aims to formulate the model of the sea tribe’s landscape concept based on their culture. This study uses a descriptive method based on field observations and interviews with traditional leaders and experts in the field of the Sea Tribe. The spatial concept of the entire landscape is in the form of a circle with a radial pattern consisting of a reception area, residential space, public open space, and conservation space. This concept is based on the way of life of the local community. The local community carries out the interaction between areas in their daily life. The settlement pattern is linear along the island's coast by making the sea the front yard and outward oriented.

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Criminalization of the Transmission of the Coronavirus COVID-19 and Its Impact on the Right to a Healthy Environment

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Criminalization of the Transmission of the Coronavirus COVID-19 and Its Impact on the Right to a Healthy Environment

Author(s): Noor Al-Khawajah,Abdullah Alkhseilat,Tareq Al-Billeh,Majd Manasra,Naji Alwerikat / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: COVID-19; healthy environment; criminalization; environmental laws;

Murder usually causes death. Unconventional kinds of attacks on human life include the propagation of Coronavirus illness (COVID-19). According to the World Health Organization and medical specialists, COVID-19 is a lethal virus and a poisonous chemical, making its transmission a murderous act. Therefore, it is possible to have several criminal forms related to the transmission of COVID-19 to others. These forms vary according to the consequences resulting from the transmission of COVID-19, so the consequences may be death, which is expected due to this virus; if the victim cannot resist it, the consequences may most often cause harm to others. In addition, these criminal forms vary based on whether the mental element is purposeful or involuntary.

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Development of Ecosystem Stability as a Tool for Managing Agricultural Areas in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Problems and Opportunities for their Resolution

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Development of Ecosystem Stability as a Tool for Managing Agricultural Areas in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Problems and Opportunities for their Resolution

Author(s): Aiym Seidakhmetova,Daniyar Kaldiyarov,Stefan Dyrka,Assel Bedelbayeva,Alimzhan Kaldiyarov / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: ecosystem approach; ecological-landscape planning; quality of life; management of effective integration of rural areas;

Agricultural areas are extremely challenging as an object of administrative influence. The problems existing in agricultural areas cannot be overcome without research, the results of which can help managers to make effective decisions. The study aims to analyze the development of ecosystem stability as an instrument for managing agricultural territories in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Through the methods of focus groups and expert survey, the study identifies the key directions of activity to improve ecosystem stability as a tool for managing agricultural territories in Kazakhstan. The authors conclude that the problems of agricultural territory management require direct intervention of the state through the application of various instruments promoting the stability of the ecosystem of agricultural lands. Several directions of work are recommended to be developed to overcome the identified problems. First, the application of the ecosystem approach to the development of stability of agricultural land in Kazakhstan must focus on strengthening the system of innovative development and the management of effective integration of rural areas. The second recommendation suggests the improvement of land and water use based on the ecological-landscape approach. The third direction is the improvement of the quality of life in agricultural territories through better provision of public goods and basic services to the rural population. Furthermore, the regulatory influence of the state should extend not only to the economic sphere, but also to the adjacent spheres of human activity and the use of natural resources.

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Using Tools to Regulate the Transition to a Green Economy and Preserve the Environment for Countries Exporting Raw Materials

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Using Tools to Regulate the Transition to a Green Economy and Preserve the Environment for Countries Exporting Raw Materials

Author(s): Aida Tatibekova,Marat Altay,Almas Kuralbaev,Bayanslu Markhayeva,Alma Karshalova / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: green economy; stimulation; grants; financing; investment;

This article considers the tools that form the organizational and financial basis for the green economy transition and the features of their application. Currently, most countries of the world have taken a course towards the green economy transition to ensure a decent life for society while preserving the environment. The study aims at seeking the most effective tools for managing such a transition in a certain order and on time. The article dwells on the state regulation of environmentally oriented industries and support for green investments, as well as social orientation towards the environment. A special emphasis is laid on market-based instruments for financing the development of the green economy, including green bonds. The authors of the article have presented a model of transition to green growth with minimum losses for commodity-exporting countries using special financial instruments that ensure the green economy transition for enterprises in the fuel and energy complex. They also have formed proposals for improving the regulatory potential of environmental legislation and the main objects influenced by the state environmental policy.

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Reporting of Endangered Animals at Tourist Destination Locations using Self-Reporting Applications

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Reporting of Endangered Animals at Tourist Destination Locations using Self-Reporting Applications

Author(s): Marvin Chandra Wijaya / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: endangered animals; self-reporting; detection;

Many tourist destinations in Indonesia are nature reserves, forests, beaches, and other natural attractions. In these tourist destinations, there are usually endangered species. Meanwhile, the Center for Nature Conservation in Indonesia requires mapping data for endangered animals. Mapping is costly and time-consuming. In this study, a system that involves tourists in mapping endangered animals is proposed. Application was developed to create an endangered animal reporting system. This application can be used on Android-based smartphones. This application has four features: Event, Gallery, Report, and Message. This application also has an educational function about endangered animals. Overall this application is rated positively by its users (tourists and tourist destination management). This app is rated 4.5 (Likert scale) by tourists and rated 4.2 by tourist destination managers. Photographs of endangered animals reported by tourists managed to process and map endangered animals.

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Ecologization: Barriers and Opportunities to Overcome Them in the Conditions of Post-War Recovery

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Ecologization: Barriers and Opportunities to Overcome Them in the Conditions of Post-War Recovery

Author(s): Bohdana Kosovych,Katerуna Vaskivska,Anatolii Kucher / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: ecologization; environmental problems; ecological entrepreneurship; climate changes; eco-innovations; successful development of ecologization;

The purpose of the scientific work is to identify objective and subjective obstacles to the successful development of ecologization as an important component of ensuring sustainable development and the direction of humanization of modern society, finding ways to overcome these obstacles using institutional tool. Based on the results of the research, the importance of intensifying the solution of environmental problems faced by modern humanity is argued. A complex of factors inhibiting the ecologically oriented efforts of the world community is identified. They are divided into objective and subjective obstacles. The essential characteristics of the isolated obstacles are considered. Attention is drawn to the environmental challenges caused by the military invasion of the russian occupiers in Ukraine. Possible ways of influencing the key institutions of society on the successful development of ecologization are proposed. The importance of ecologization as an innovative way of solving economic problems, preserving the environment and ensuring general well-being is established. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the fact that, based on the definition of objective and subjective obstacles to the ecologization of all aspects of human existence, possible ways of influencing the key institutions of society – the state, politics, law, people, economy, entrepreneurship – on the establishment of ecological values have been clarified as decisive for humanity in the third millennium.

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Marketing Strategy and Performance in Tourism Industry: SMART Tourism Development in Madura Island

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Marketing Strategy and Performance in Tourism Industry: SMART Tourism Development in Madura Island

Author(s): Muh. Syarif / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: performance; SMART marketing strategy; tourism industry;

This study aims to determine the growth factors, strategies, and performance of SMART. SMART stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-Bound in the form of an effective process for determining and achieving business goals. The research design is a mix of methods to collect, process, and analyze data systematically and directly so that research can be carried out properly. Our findings reveal that the actual condition of the recovery of tourism industry, especially in Bangkalan, Sumenep, and Pamekasan regencies is getting better. The main challenge for the post-pandemic tourism industry is to promote local tourism on the international stage. It can be concluded that the SMART tourism framework can provide opportunities for businesses to determine their goals in facing the challenges of the tourism industry. Also, these findings reveal a lack of critical literature examining the assumptions of smart tourism and questioning its feasibility and positive experiential, economic and social impacts on local communities. This study proposes a research agenda that is far from comprehensive by understanding SMART's tourism potential and possible shortcomings and becomes a recommendation for government policies in the context of restoring the tourism industry in Indonesia.

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Mapping Analysis of the Research Trends on Digital Technologies and Circular Economy in Tourism

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Mapping Analysis of the Research Trends on Digital Technologies and Circular Economy in Tourism

Author(s): Samalgul Nassanbekova,Gaukhar Yeshenkulova / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: digital technologies; circular economy; tourism, sustainable development; bibliometric analysis; VOSviewer;

Tourism as an industry, which is interdependent and influences several sectors of the economy, has the potential significantly to enhance global sustainability. One of the new paradigm of sustainable development is a circular economy. Circular economy principles include repurposing business for the benefit of society and the environment, replacing materials with renewable and natural resources, producing value from "waste," and using energy and resources efficiently. Digital technologies are considered as a catalyst and important supporter of movement to circularity. To find relationship between digital technologies and circular tourism a bibliometric analysis of scientific literature has been conducted in this study. For counting and visualization the authors, keywords and text in the abstracts co-occurrence we have used VOSviewer software.The findings shown tight links in the studies between two concepts and how they are interrelated. In this study, we defined the term “circular economy”, the most perspective digital solutions for creation circular tourism, and aspects pertaining to social effect, institutional reforms, and defining the role of the non-profit sector should not be disregarded in the development of circular tourism.In the drawn conclusion stated, that more empirical investigations are required to collaborate theories, models, and frameworks that have been produced, since the majority of studies are grounded in theory.

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Halal Tourism Governance Based on the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council on Tourism Improvement

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Halal Tourism Governance Based on the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council on Tourism Improvement

Author(s): Moh. Bahrudin / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: governance; halal tourism; Fatwa MUI; tourism improvement;

This study aims to determine the governance of halal tourism in Lampung based on the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council (DSN) of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) No 108/DSN-MUI/X/2016 concerning Tourism Improvement. The research method uses an empirical qualitative approach, as well as legal and doctrinal approaches. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, and literature study. The results of the analysis reveal two things. First, the management of halal tourism based on the DSN-MUI Fatwa consists of 11 (eleven) general provisions and 15 (fifteen) definitions. Four objects are the focus of general provisions, namely tourism, sharia tourism, tourism, and sharia tourist destinations. There are six subjects, namely tourists, sharia travel agencies, tour guides, tourism entrepreneurs, and therapists. Second, the implementation of the concept of Halal Tourism Governance towards increasing Sharia Tourism in Lampung is realized in five components. It can be concluded that the management of halal tourism and its implementation cannot be separated from the sources of fiqh law (ushul al-fiqh). The implication highlights the importance of central and local government efforts to encourage the development of laws on effective halal tourism governance. The private sector and the public as actors in the halal tourism industry must pay attention to the DSN MUI fatwa. So, halal tourism can make a significant contribution to the welfare of the community, especially in Lampung Province.

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Examining the Development of Sustainable Tourism on Phuket Island: A Literature Review with Implications for Tourism Planning

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Examining the Development of Sustainable Tourism on Phuket Island: A Literature Review with Implications for Tourism Planning

Author(s): Kevin Fuchs / Language(s): English / Issue: 7(63)/2022

Keywords: sustainability; tourism; tourism development; tourism planning; Thailand;

The conception of sustainable tourism is comparatively new and only started to emerge in the 1980s, whereas nowadays, it became a prevalent theme of discussion for researchers and tourism policymakers. Since then, sustainable tourism is often referred to as the holy grail and ultimate solution to achieve a balanced outcome that equally emphasizes environmental, economic, and socio-cultural aspects of tourism development. These factors are said to ensure active participation and assist in the process to create consensus amongst stakeholders. The tropical island of Phuket depends heavily on international tourism and generates most of its income from tourism receipts. Phuket developed quickly into a mass-tourism destination with its set of associated challenges derived from mass tourism. At present, the literature lacks a comprehensive account of perspectives from the tourism stakeholders, including indigenous people, local communities, visitors, industry, and government. Therefore, this review aims to serve as an insightful reference for policymakers and stakeholders that wish to affect change in the tourism industry for Thailand in general and Phuket specifically.

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Adrian Iorgulescu's Symphony No. 2

Author(s): Olguța Lupu / Language(s): English / Issue: 47/2021

Keywords: Romanian composer; musical time; modernity; postmodernity;

The exploration of Symphony No. 2, a representative opus of Adrian Iorgulescu's creation, reveals some defining features of his entire oeuvre: cohesion and logic of the inner organization, economy of vocabulary and combinatorial inventiveness, coexistence of opposites, symmetric-asymmetric play, appeal to intertextuality and metastylistic elements. In brief, a vision that symbiotically integrates modernity and postmodernity (seen as a non-conformist and innovative recovery of tradition). With resolute, clear gestures, full of vividness, the composer configures a spiral time and creates very diverse expressive zones, from the mysterious to the dramatic, from inquietude to serenity, from tumult to introverted lyricism, thereby carving out a space for reflection on opposition and complementarity, permanence and metamorphosis, unity and diversity.

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Sonic Zarazas and the Window Technique in Adrian Iorgulescu's Flute and Clarinet Concertos

Author(s): Diana Rotaru / Language(s): English / Issue: 47/2021

Keywords: Romanian contemporary music; postmodernism in music; quotation technique;

Zaraza, the gorgeous gypsy girl that a famous singer from the inter-war period fell madly in love with, does not exist in reality: it’s just an urban legend, a synecdoche for the Bucharest of the old days, with its cosmopolitan charm of the romances and the tangos. In reality, “zaraza” is just a word extracted from the original text of the Argentinian melody, with the much more prosaic meaning of “ox”. Still, Zaraza’s legend lingers in the collective vernacular consciousness. Like Schrödinger’s cat, “Zaraza” exists and doesn’t exist, at the same time. In a similar fashion, the ironic “residual musics” from Adrian Iorgulescu’s works – and I take as example his flute and clarinet concertos – are at the same time apparently anecdotic stylistic fractures and generative themes for the rest of the music material, through fragmentation and sophisticated development techniques. They are both real and not, as the composer uses both quotations and fake-quotations. They shock – and yet, they don’t. Their strength resides in their ambiguity. This window-form towards other musical paradigms and meanings is similar to that used by Italian composer Salvatore Sciarrino, with a completely different sonic result.

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Adrian Pop – Theory, Terminology and Stylistic Analysis, Camouflaged among “Prolegomena” and “Didactic Notes”

Author(s): Gabriel Banciu / Language(s): English / Issue: 47/2021

Keywords: style; language; stylistic features; message; stylistic periods;

Composer Adrian Pop, a refined intellectual and man of culture, offers us a new perspective on musical stylistics, in an attempt to give it an autonomous status. The argumentation of this approach starts from the peculiarities of understanding the problems related to style, solved intuitively by the composer and performer, but different from the musicologist, who “cannot avoid the difficult attempt to translate the ineffable into coherent ideas spoken with appropriate words”. Hence, the author’s concern to clarify the relationship between “distinctive character” and “logic of musical discourse”, starting from legitimate rhetorical questions, clarified in a delightful exposition that fuses the elegance and picturesque character of language with the impeccable logic of comprehension and argumentation.

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The Pastoral in Adrian Pop’s Les voix de la nuit/Vocile nopții

Author(s): Oana Andreica / Language(s): English / Issue: 47/2021

Keywords: musical signification; topics; Arcadia;

This study proposes an analytical approach of Adrian Pop’s Les voix de la nuit/Vocile nopții from the perspective of its pastoral character. One of the most important topics in literature, the pastoral is an old and enduring cultural genre promoting the primitive simplicity, feelings and freedom, the innocence and the sublime, the serenity and the melancholy, the eternal love and the supreme beauty of nature. All these features receive a specific vocabulary of musical gestures, such as long pedals, consonant harmonies, wave-like movements, slow harmonic rhythm, simple melodic contours, etc. The analysis of Pop’s work searches for the pastoral signifiers in both the music and the poems set to it, belonging to French Romantic writer Alfred de Musset and Romanian symbolist author Alexandru Macedonski.

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