Акултурация и етническата идентичност на имигрантите в Германия
Author(s): Liudmyla Smokova / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 1/2016
Keywords: ethic and national identity; acculturation strategies; intercultural interaction; integration; segregation; marginalization and assimilation
In the present study, we discuss psychological acculturation, by which we mean the internal processes of change that immigrants experience when they come into direct contact with members of the host culture. The model we present builds on research in the areas of social and ethnic identity. Each of these perspectives is discussed in accordance with its relevance to the acculturative processes operating in immigrants. We understand ethnic identity as a dynamic state, that is determined by three components: (1) by the degree of inclusion in the group of one’s cultural origin; (2) the tendency to assimilate to the ethnic group of origin; and (3) the complementary tendency to differentiate from one’s own ethnic group. Social identity conveys belonging of the individual to different social categories and the value as well as emotional significance of this membership. We have sought to explain how the processes of social categorization, in and out-group identification and social comparison predetermine the direction of the acculturation process and hence the intercultural interaction and wellbeing of the youth from immigrant backgrounds in Germany. Results indicated that immigrants who have more identified themselves with dominant society have expressed the strong preference to integration strategies. The immigrants that had a high degree of ethnic identification have expressed the low preference to the integration as well to marginalization and assimilation. In its turn, the powerful feeling of belonging to an ethnic group and attitude towards the group promotes immigrants segregation choice.
This paper is dedicated to the study of the genesis of the “mental health” and “psychological health” concepts, finding identifying features and differences of these concepts. In the framework of the “health psychology” scientific field, the psychological determinants of health, methods and ways of its preservation, improvement and development were considered. In the process of theoretical research of the psychological well being concepts, basic principlesin the analysis of socio psychological health were defined. The paper affirms that the psychological health is a dynamic set of a person’s mental properties, which ensure harmony between the needs of the individual and the society, which is one of the basic conditions for successful self-realisation. It also states that it is the coherence of a person’s motives, objectives, and values with the requirements of his/her environmental and his/her own internal abilities that is the main condition and manifestation of psychological health.
Phylosophy of Media Manipulation in The Globalization Era: Options For Countering
Author(s): Vihren Buzov / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 2/2016
Keywords: media manipulation; globalization; culture of peace; symbolic power; countering globalization
Corporative global media cannot be an instrument of the culture of peace, because they have made widespread individualistic values of the consummative society. Through their symbolic power, they successfully dominate over every sphere of existence of a society: politics, economic life, social ties, national culture, human communication and private life. Traditional media could not be a factor in the promotion and development of culture of peace, simply because they are proponents of corporative economic and political interests. It is in the interest of citizens to counter the activitiesof “rapacious
capitalism” (SCHMIDT 1998),of local comprador political and economic elites, and the practice of robbery of their work; to bridle the proliferation ofweapons and acts of aggression.
Author(s): Romulus Brâncoveanu / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 2/2016
Keywords: Thomas Pogge; institutionalist conception of human rights; Bernand Williams; political realism
In this paper I show that we could read Pogge’s conception of human rights as formulated from a political realist point of view. For such a reading I use as a tool Bernard Williams’ division between political moralism and political realism in political theory and his reformulation of the first political question in Hobbesian terms as that of securing order and the conditions for cooperation in society by using coercion. I conflate Pogge’s theory of human rights with his theory of global justice, and I highlight those elements related to the first political question in Hobbesian terms.
The article discusses the conditions upon which certain rights are outlined in legislation. The “ontological propis” – the area of allultimate legal and moral objects is a given space that guides legislation and such are the unconditional values they are not freely chosen, they are pre-chosen.
In this paper I try to understand Phaedra in its own terms but not as aliterary critic. Starting from what Staley rightly confirms, that for the Stoics tragedy was not a form antithetical to philosophy, 1 I argue that philosophical concepts, such as passion, can be examined separately and ad hoc in each Senecan tragedy. This seems the only reliable method to distinguish whether they are employed as stoic concepts or not, despite Hine’s thesis that instead it should be shown that these concepts are more Stoic than Epicurean, Peripatetic, or anything else. In my view, Phaedra stands out as a unique demonstration of how Seneca comprehends passion in the form of love or desire.
There are different interpretations of the Aristotelian conception of justice. The article deals with one more possible solution to the problem of interpretation. The author assumes that Aristotelian conception is as close to the contemporary language of moral and sociological theory as possible. Our language, as well as structural sociology of Talcott Parsons reveals a twofold nature of the subject of justice. Justice appeals to values, but justice also appeals to norms. On the level of values justice functions as the most fundamental system of social orientation, on the level of norms justice functions as a system of integration. What Aristotle calls “general justice” may be interpreted as the legacy of Plato, justice of the “most sacred myth”, revealing the highest value of the society. On the contrary, “particular justice” is a system of norms, moral or legal, which constitute the grass roots of everyday morality. Aristotle, unlike Plato, tends to trust in the validity of the second, but he does not deny the importance of the first.
The Concept of Minimal Justice in Brian Orend’s Ethics of War
Author(s): Arsennij D. Kumankov / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 2/2017
Keywords: just war theory; war; just cause principle; Walzer; Orend; justice; humanitarian intervention
Brian Orend, one of the leading just war theorists, is best known today for elaborating jus post bellum principles while his works contain another distinctive component, concept of “minimally just” political community. This article explores Orend’s conception of “minimally just” political community, especially the meaning of this concept for Orend’s version of just war theory. Orend uses Kantian political and moral philosophy in order to prove there are two key functions of state: protection of human rights and establishing order. Since human rights are universal, a state should assist in protection of human rights of every person, not only its citizen’s rights. This leads to situation when states avoid of harming foreigners and aggressive wars become banned. Orend call a state “minimally just” if it follows these rules. However, these states could violate non-intervention principle and start wars. A crucial point here is an idea that a “minimally just” state has a right to fight for the overthrow of the aggressive regimes and establishment of “minimal justice”. The author concludes that this notion helps Orend extend the list of just causes of war, though his original intention was limitation of cases when arms could be used.
The main aim of the study is to analyze the general background with a view to searching for models of good practice and potential solutions, not only as regards higher education in Romania and in Europe in general, but mainly as far as the foreign language education is concerned. A historical perspective is always necessary and useful in such an anticipatory analysis; this is completed by a brief revisitation of various viewpoints in the field of education in other countries of Europe, as well as of the international educational policy documents establishing lines of growth up to 2025. Both positive aspects and potential drawbacks are approached in a realistic manner, taking into consideration the rather troubled profile of a future and a time horizon that are getting quite close.
Хронология на психопатологията: Южноафриканска перспектива
Author(s): Aygul Mehmedova / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 1/2018
Keywords: Psychopathology; mental illness; classification; South Africa.
Psychopathology is the study of origin, development, and manifestations of mental or behavioral disorders. It has used various categorizations of psychological disorders throughout its life span categorizing this study as a developmental notion of categorization of mental and behavioral disorders common to various populations. It is thus crucial to define psychological disorders within the study of psychopathology as psychological dysfunctions identified within individuals associated with distresses or impairments in functioning and response deviating from their cultural norms (Barlow & Durand, 2009).
The exploration of the interaction between media and audiences is the main focus of this article. In order to narrow down the topic, the impact of television on young viewers was investigated by means of the interpretations of studies conducted by television researchers. This article argues that media in general and television in particular is a specific form of dialogue that can produce not only negative effects (e.g. aggressive and violent behavior) but positive effects as well. The media is deeply embedded in the fabric of modern society’s culture in the Globalization era and television presents the potential source of a child’s information and learning experience about the world.
Keywords: Decision-making; Information perception; Diagnostic accuracy.
The world of today is flooded with information which we need to process and make decisions. Does it matter if we perceive this information as text or video? Using video fragments of real-life diagnostic interviews and text representations with the same content we compared the diagnostic classification accuracy of experienced and novice clinical psychologists. Confidence was also examined. We noted lack of difference in accuracy between cases presented as video or text, and also, lack of difference between experienced and novice groups. What seemed to alter accuracy was the case itself, not its presentation (as text or video). Confidence was found to be positively correlated with accuracy. We conclude that text vignettes are as good case descriptions as videos.
Acculturation Process and Ethnic Identity of Immigrants in Germany
Author(s): Liudmyla Smokova / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 2/2015
Keywords: ethic and national identity; acculturation strategies; intercultural interaction; integration; segregation; marginalization and assimilation.
In the present study, we discuss psychological acculturation, by which we mean the internal processes of change that immigrants experience when they come into direct contact with members of the host culture. The model we present builds on research in the areas of social and ethnic identity. Each of these perspectives is discussed in accordance with its relevance to the acculturative processes operating in immigrants. We understand ethnic identity as a dynamic state, that is determined by three components: (1) by the degree of inclusion in the group of one’s cultural origin; (2) the tendency to assimilate to the ethnic group of origin; and (3) the complementary tendency to differentiate from one’s own ethnic group. Social identity conveys belonging of the individual to different social categories and the value as well as emotional significance of this membership. We have sought to explain how the processes of social categorization, inand out-group identification and social comparison predetermine the direction of the acculturation process and hence the intercultural interaction and wellbeing of the youth from immigrant backgrounds in Germany. Results indicated that immigrants who have more identified themselves with dominant society have expressed the strong preference to integration strategies. The immigrants that had a high degree of ethnic identification have expressed the low preference to the integration as well to marginalization and assimilation. In its turn, the powerful feeling of belonging to an ethnic group and attitude towards the group promotes immigrants segregation choice.
This paper is dedicated to the study of the genesis of the “mental health” and “psychological health” concepts, finding identifying features and differences of these concepts. In the framework of the “health psychology” scientific field, the psychological determinants of health, methods and ways of its preservation, improvement and development were considered. In the process of theoretical research of the psychological wellbeing concepts, basic principles in the analysis of socio-psychological health were defined. The paper affirms that the psychological health is a dynamic set of a person’s mental properties, which ensure harmony between the needs of the individual and the society, which is one of the basic conditions for successful self-realisation. It also states that it is the coherence of a person’s motives, objectives, and values with the requirements of his/her environmental and his/her own internal abilities that is the main condition and manifestation of psychological health.
The man’s position in relation to knowledge forms and regaining his dignity in terms of its unity as a being endowed with mind and soul is the essence of the epistemological theory of ethics. The thesis from which we start the new foundation of ethical theories is that: in conditions of freedom or adaptation / surviving, within the size of which the perception, representation, intention and action may bring about, one can see the human nature endowed with mind and soul. Knowledge theories aim the man and his entire ethical value that finds itself in the manner of government and social and moral living. Between the man’s „evil” and „good” we must explain the idea of solidarity, justice, truth and freedom. Within the universal value of the soul, the history of religions finds its place and the ethical values largely justify both the life here, and especially the one beyond. Or, in this new light it is required to see the ethical value of man and necessary alliances are needed that initially would require putting together those individual researches in various fields that complete harmonization of knowledge. This fact would imply a unity in diversity of ethical theories about man and society. Within the architecture of the new theory of epistemological ethics the value of human ethics and the role of ethics in theory of knowledge can be seen.
In the article a special attention is paid to possible side effects of modern educational innovations characteristic of technointellectual society. In this context the author summarized the basic principles of further right-minded pedagogical innovations generation. Firstly, the expediency. Innovation has to solve a particular problem. Secondly, spiritual, political, societal, physiological and physical safety. Thirdly, – the need for which follows directly from the second principle – interdisciplinary expertise. There should be involved not only the pedagogues, but also psychologists, doctors, philosophers, futurists, sociologists and other experts. Fourthly, the duration of the preparatory phase should be as long as possible, as the negative side effects may be delayed. As the result of use of these principles we will get the real knowledge society innovations.
Неолибералният пърформанс – анихилация на сръбския суверенитет и интегритет
Author(s): Slobodan Divjak,Vladimir Lj. Cvetković,Milenko M. Bodin / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 2/2018
Keywords: Neoliberalism; Second Serbia; Sovereignty; Integrity.
In this work the authors consider the negative influence of process globalisation of neoliberal ideology on Serbia. They cosider the following themes: the relationships between law, moral and might in the contemporary world; are the humanitarian interventions an instrument for the development of human rights or for making of the world empire; what changes are taking in the structure of inter-state relations; what would be the best place for Serbia in the current historical juncture of the world. In the next section, we talk about the neoliberal performance in Serbia in a form the tyranny of the majority. Then we criticize the concept of the Second Serbia. By hypostasizing minority rights, which are justified by the claim that ethno-cultural groups need the state to protect their right to develop their own cultural tradition and, paradoxically, encouraging the dissolution of the Serbian cultural tradition in the name of modernizing Serbia, the Second Serbia actually rejects the logic behind both the civil state and the national state, because both of them are incompatible with those minority rights which encourage strong processes of ethnic homogenization whose ultimate outcome is the disintegration of the state.
The article explores the relation of Gerald Durrell’s 1979 short story “The Entrance”, published in a collection titled “The Picnic and Suchlike Pandemonium”, to the concept of the uncanny, as it appears in Sigmund Freud’s work “The Uncanny” (1919). I first discuss Freud’s account of the concept, highlighting the main points in his theory, and then I subject certain points of the narrative in “The Entrance” to an analysis in an attempt to show that the story provides numerous illustrations of the Freudian concept of the uncanny.
Жените като вещици: трансформацията на стереотипа в „Хари Потър“ на Дж. К. Роулинг и „Посестрими в занаята“ на Тери Пратчет
Author(s): Tsvetelin Lisaev / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 1/2022
Keywords: J. K. Rowling; Terry Pratchett; gender; stereotype; witches
This article explores some of the aspects of the ‘women-as-witches’ stereotype in the literary works of J. K. Rowling and Terry Pratchett, while focusing on both the subversion of the stereotype and its reinforcement. The focus of my work is on the depiction of this type of gender profiling in a fantastic setting and imagined societies, while drawing a parallel with the real world. I first focus on a brief outline of the historical and cultural significance of the stereotype, followed by a discussion of its literary aspects in J. K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” series and Terry Pratchett’s “Wyrd Sisters” novel.
Please note that there is a planned full infrastructure maintenance and database upgrade of the CEEOL repository.
The search is temporarily unavailable.
We apologize in advance for the inconvenience and thank you for your kind understanding.
There are validation problems in the fields. Please check the fields again and enter the correct data. (The fields with a red outline are required. The fields with correct data are with a green outline and "" symbol, fields with incorrect data are with a red outline and "" symbol. Pointing at the question mark "" placed at the end of fields displays additional information for the correct way of completing.)
