Keywords: education; education system; self-study; self-development; personal development; teacher
In this concise book, experienced teachers from Poland and the United States described how one can bring up and educate students so that they become wise and competent citizens. Performing this task is a great art. It demands that a teacher masters the skill of personal growth. But the teachers’ work is still understood and appreciated only to a limited extent. There is a need for an answer to the question how teachers can change this state of affairs...
Author(s): Marion Appelquist / Language(s): English,Polish
/ Publication Year: 0
Keywords: education; education system; self-study; self-development; personal development; teacher
In this concise book, experienced teachers from Poland and the United States described how one can bring up and educate students so that they become wise and competent citizens. Performing this task is a great art. It demands that a teacher masters the skill of personal growth. But the teachers’ work is still understood and appreciated only to a limited extent. There is a need for an answer to the question how teachers can change this state of affairs...
Keywords: Maria Komornicka; Brygida Helbig-Mischewski; Izabela Filipiak; women’s writing
The article interprets women’s writing with its significant subject of gender and the phenomena of transgression of the feminine subject into the masculine one. The author is interested in tripleand overlaid feminine discourse: how Maria Komornicka presents her heroines, how her works areinterpreted by scholars and what plots are presented by both authors in their literary works. The subject of interpretation are academic dissertations: Strącona bogini by Brygida Helbig-Mischewski and Obszary odmienności by Izabela Filipiak, as well as literary works based upon the biography of the writer: the drama by Filipiak Księga Em and the novel by Helbig Inna od siebie.
Keywords: interwar dramas; New Woman; social roles; Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska; Magdalena Samozwaniec
The author has analysed interwar dramas by Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska and Magdalena Samozwaniec as examples of women’s dramas. The category of “femininity,” as an acceptable set of behaviours and social roles, was specified based on age, profession and communicated tradition. It was also incorporated into discussions on the New Woman of that time.Each sister created her heroines in a slightly different manner. Samozwaniec focused on feminine funny aspects, while Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska discussed the role of women in family and social life; most of her attention was drawn to the loosening of moral standards. She did not, however, want to demolish the acceptable order, as we can see from the grotesque figure of a woman – the ruling dictator, Baba-Dziwo.
The book shows the the picture of feminity in European and world culture, which emerges from the texts concerning the beginnings of women’s movement as well as in the recent publications, describing existential experience of women in local and global dimension. The publication explores the problems of distant cultures and close nations of our continent, especially Central Europe. The provided perspectives show a visible symmetry of fates of women living in Western, Middle East, African and Asian cultures.
Shadows, violence and family bonding shape Elite Olshtain’s memoir (2010) as key ingredients of a genuine life testimony. The vision of herself as a child before and during World War II mixeswith the voice of a mature memoirist. How then do violence and politics obstruct the expressionof identity for the key feminine protagonists: young Litika, her mother, Frieda, and Sabina, thematernal grandmother? And how do secondary characters contribute to this story? Can one’s learning actually frame existence beyond survival? This paper explores gender and trauma as deeply rooted in painful yet meaningful recovery of a personalised past.
The book shows the the picture of feminity in European and world culture, which emerges from the texts concerning the beginnings of women’s movement as well as in the recent publications, describing existential experience of women in local and global dimension. The publication explores the problems of distant cultures and close nations of our continent, especially Central Europe. The provided perspectives show a visible symmetry of fates of women living in Western, Middle East, African and Asian cultures.
Keywords: female friendship; identity; feminism; gender; the personal is political
In Elena Ferrante’s My Brillant Friend, Elena Greco, the narrator, tells the story of her youth with herfriend Lila Cerullo, recalling her childhood and adolescence in a poor neighbourhood of Naples. Butdeprivations contain unexpected richness. An elected affinity develops between Elena and Lila. In themagic game of their dialogue they reinvent the experience of themselves. A sudden change takes place when Elena goes to high school, while Lila drops out and marries; however, she continues to influence Elena’s choices. The history of the two girls is a deep reflection on female friendship and identity.
Keywords: literature; poetry; LGBT; Latin America; woman
The article presents the works of a Uruguayan female author, almost completely unknown in Poland, Cristina Peri Rossi. One of the main subjects of her poetry are women and the experience of lesbian love. The poet writes straight forwardly and directly about emotions towards women,and her passionate, sensual and brave poems, quoted in the paper, are also a voice speaking infavour of the position of women in literature. Peri Rossi, at a social and literary banquet, breaksthe rules, the established order, and speaks in her own voice, the voice of a woman, a lesbian, hence being able to make the invisible seen.
Keywords: autobiography; auto-ethnography; sex discrimination; the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
The article aims to analyse autobiographic works by Maria Arbatova. In her dramas, memoirsand short stories from the 1990s, the author exposes the difficult life of Soviet women. Arbatova also addresses issues officially omitted in the USSR, such as violence against women, sex discrimination,abortion, lack of specialised psychological care. The importance of the discussed problems allows us to define the works of Arbatova as engaged literature. The vast amount of autobiographic issues and the author’s sense of a mission makes one see the autobiographic prose by Arbatova as autoethnography.
OBRAZY KOBIET W POWIEŚCI OLGI TOKARCZUK PRAWIEK I INNE CZASY
Author(s): Anna Chudzińska-Parkosadze / Language(s): English,Polish
/ Publication Year: 0
Keywords: Olga Tokarczuk; Prawiek i inne czasy; femininity; archetype; Magna Mater
In the novel Prawiek i inne czasy Olga Tokarczuk in portraying women uses such stylistic means asparallelisms and antonyms. The structure of the portrayed world is dominated by mythologemesand archetypes (Magna Mater). Tokarczuk presents her female characters within a frame ofa collective feminist portrait contrasted with the men’s world. The principle of dichotomy wasapplied by the writer in her portraits of Kłoska and Genowefa, as well as of their daughters,Misia and Ruta. Kłoska is represented by manifestation of nature, whilst Genowefa and Misia –by femininity entagled in a trap of a patriarchal world.
Literature written by Polish women in the 1990s mostly adopted the feminist perspective. However, it seems that Dorota Masłowska in her works keeps a distance from the issue of femininity.Incorporation of feminist discourse into the main cultural stream made it a component of the social imaginary elements treated by the writer with a dose of suspicion. As such, this received unfavourable reactions from some women writers and feminist critics. The article presents subversive strategies and the issues of subjectivity of Masłowska as a girl of the background of Polish feminism and pop-feminism in the initial stage of her career.
The book shows the the picture of feminity in European and world culture, which emerges from the texts concerning the beginnings of women’s movement as well as in the recent publications, describing existential experience of women in local and global dimension. The publication explores the problems of distant cultures and close nations of our continent, especially Central Europe. The provided perspectives show a visible symmetry of fates of women living in Western, Middle East, African and Asian cultures.
The article analyses the reasons and goals of calling women “whores” by one of the most popular Croatian writers, Vedrana Rudan. The discourse of cursing is a form of emancipation and anattempt to establish a new identity in the patriarchal world. Rudan does so by taking over the word “whore.” In this way, she plays an ironic game with herself and her readers, and at the end of the game she tries to convey an important message to women.
The paper studies selected works of contemporary writers (Justyna Bargielska, Sylwia Kubryńska,Sylwia Chutnik), the heroines of which “not perfectly enough” struggle with everyday life, often in unfavourable external circumstances. The approach to specific “women’s talking,” mannersof perceiving the world, matters of various significance, moments when what is funny suddenly changes into a drama, sometimes not so obvious, as familiar, domestic but, as it is shown, alsobitter. In the background we can see the discussion on critical literary discourses, the past ones, just after 1989, and more familiar to our contemporary times, with respect to more or less open feminist discourses.
The book shows the the picture of feminity in European and world culture, which emerges from the texts concerning the beginnings of women’s movement as well as in the recent publications, describing existential experience of women in local and global dimension. The publication explores the problems of distant cultures and close nations of our continent, especially Central Europe. The provided perspectives show a visible symmetry of fates of women living in Western, Middle East, African and Asian cultures.
This study traces the development of Arab feminist literary criticism by identifying and categorising the most prominent studies on Arab women’s writing in Anglo-American academia and in Egypt. It is divided into four parts: “Gender and Literature," “Feminist Literary Criticism,” “Literary Theory and Arab Women’s Writing,” and “Feminist Literary Criticism in Egypt.” The paper chartsa history of feminist criticism in Arab literary studies and aims to encourage investigation of Arab women’s literature and the establishment of a school of Arab feminist literary criticism.
Keywords: Swahili literature; fiction; gender identity; women’s works; Tanzania
The subject of the article is the analysis of selected texts of Swahili prose written by women writers from Tanzania. The author attempts to answer the question: how do women as authors cope with gender identity issues? How do they present the subject of their works – various feminine characters? Do they follow socially dominant gender discourses, or are they critical of them?
The article is an attempt to analyse the works of poetesses from India and Pakistan, writing in Hindi and Urdu. It aims to present how women see themselves, how they define their identity, how they search for their place in society and literature – areas dominated by men. The selected works present women’s emotionality and the world as seen from the feminine perspective and were written by poets who, extending beyond feminist discourse, speak in feminine voice.
The book shows the the picture of feminity in European and world culture, which emerges from the texts concerning the beginnings of women’s movement as well as in the recent publications, describing existential experience of women in local and global dimension. The publication explores the problems of distant cultures and close nations of our continent, especially Central Europe. The provided perspectives show a visible symmetry of fates of women living in Western, Middle East, African and Asian cultures.
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