Odmiany polskiej tożsamości narodowej i ich konsekwencje dla postaw wobec mniejszości
Variations of Polish national identities and their consequences for attitudes towards minorities

Summary/Abstract: The article presents the results of a quantitative research, which explores the varieties of Polish national identity and analyses how they translate into attitudes towards minorities and other nations. It draws on the data from the survey with nationally representative address-based sample of adult Poles (aged 15 years or older). Using the k-mean clustering method it identifies three types of Polish national identity: the nationless, the civic-oriented and ‘credentionalists’. The results indicate that these types of national identity differentiate and predict the reluctance towards ethnic, religious and sexual minorities as well as towards other nations. In general, the study confirms the existence of more universal patterns in defining national identities; it confirms the existence of correlation between the ethnic criteria as well as the usage of a higher number of criteria in defining national identity and more exclusionary attitudes. Drawing on the nationally representative sample and applying the analysis method that allows for distinguishing separate categories, the study verifies the exiting typologies of Polish national identity.

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