JULIA KRISTEVA’S INTERTEXTUALITY AND HYPOTHETICAL RELATIONSHIPS OF HER THEORIES WITH ANCIENT TYPES OF WRITING
JULIA KRISTEVA’S INTERTEXTUALITY AND HYPOTHETICAL RELATIONSHIPS OF HER THEORIES WITH ANCIENT TYPES OF WRITING

Summary/Abstract: The article formulates a new hypothesis related to the phenomenon of intertextuality, a term that was introduced into the discursive practice of Poststructuralism by Julia Kristeva. Within the framework of this study, the idea was proposed for discussion that the origins of the theory of intertextuality should be sought in the ancient types of writing: from object through pictography, ideography (logography), syllabic to alphabetic (phonetic) writing with their combinatorial capabilities. To search for convincing arguments for this point of view, the history of writing was investigated. It suggested that elements of ideography are already traced in the descriptive type of writing – pictography, and numerous components of syllabic and alphabetic (phonetic) letters are found in ideographic (logographic) writing. In particular, it is noted that in the earliest pictograms there were already prerequisites for transforming drawings into conventional signs: on cave paintings scientists discovered not only images of animals that lived at that time, but also numerous signs represented by dots, lines, geometric and other symbols, etc. Special attention is paid to the argumentation of the intertextual nature of ideographic (logographic) writing, when the scribe did not invent signs, as was the case in pictography, but combined them, choosing from a ready-made set, which is the main confirmation of its belonging to artefacts of intertextual nature. Intertextual connections of syllabic writing are also revealed. They did not arise independently, but under the influence of the writing systems of other peoples. This later type of writing arose not so much as a result of the internal transformation of the ancient, as a rule, logographic systems, but as a result of the creolization of the various writing systems existing at that time. And finally, irrefutable evidence is given in favour of the intertextuality of alphabetic (phonetic) writing, among which is its such property, as a sequence of letters in the alphabet, forming a text according to certain laws. Thus, the intertextual approach makes it possible to consider these seemingly external, but in no way similar, four types of writing in parallel as legitimate hermeneutical tools.

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