Zwei Konzeptionen über die ursprüngliche Modernisierung des Schulwesens der untergebenen Völker in der Habsburgermonarchie und im Osmanischen Reich im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert
Two Concepts of the Initial Modernization of the Education of the Subjugated Peoples in the Habsburg and Ottoman Empires in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

Summary/Abstract: This article compares the projects for the initial modernization of education among the Czechs, Slovaks, Vojvodina Serbs and Bulgarians, their conception, initiation and the social factors responsible for their implementation. The role of the clergy for the spread of Enlightenment ideas and the preservation of the literary tradition – a factor common to all peoples – is outlined. The connection between the literacy of the broad strata of the subjugated peoples and the development of the native language is analyzed. The author considers the reform of education in the general context of state policy, noting that while in the Habsburg monarchy it was a governance policy aimed at the general process of modernization of the state, in the Ottoman Empire the central government remained indifferent and the Bulgarian educational project was the work of wealthy patriotic emigration.

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