ENSEIGNER LA COMPREHENSION ORALE SELON LE MODELE INTERACTIF: EXEMPLE EN FLE
TEACHING LISTENING COMPREHENSION BY INTERACTIVE MODEL: EXAMPLE IN FRENCH FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Summary/Abstract: Listening skills in language teaching methodology have long been neglected and researchers put more emphasis on teaching/learning reading, speaking, and writing. However, listening skills are difficult to acquire in a foreign language and require processing the verbal data and the interaction of linguistic and world knowledge. This interaction is explained within two basic models: bottom-up model and top-down model. The bottom-up model is related to linguistic structure. In this model, the listener constitutes meaning starting from the linguistic structures and uses the sounds, words, and grammatical rules. The topdown model, on the other hand, is related to listeners. In this model, the listener interprets what s/he hears with the help of his/her background knowledge and establishes a link between his/her background knowledge and the listening text. In other words, the listener’s already existing knowledge (background knowledge) and what s/he hears (context knowledge) are essential. Nevertheless, researchers emphasize the use of these two models together, which is called the interactive model.The aim of this study is to introduce bottom-up and top-down models and to present a sample lesson to develop listening comprehension skills in a foreign language following the two models, in other words, the interactive model. The sample lesson is for Turkish learners of French in A2 level and covers pre-listening, during listening, and post-listening stages.

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