Zmiany struktury agrarnej na polskiej wsi w latach 1918–2018
Changes in the agrarian structure of the Polish countryside in the years 1918–2018

Summary/Abstract: The study analyzes changes in the agrarian structure in the Polish countryside in the years 1918–2018. Knowledge of the directions and conditions of these changes is necessary for the correct formulation of agricultural policy objectives. Due to historical conditions, the analysis distinguishes four periods: the interwar period, the time of war and the socialist economy, the period from the political transformation to integration with the EU and the period after Poland’s accession to the European Union. The analyzes show that in the last century in Polish agriculture significant transformations occurred in the agrarian structure of Polish agriculture. In particular historical periods they were determined by various political, economic and social factors. Therefore, their character and direction changed over time. Private ownership of farms dominated in the whole analyzed period. Despite various actions, the fragmentation of Polish agriculture could not be eliminated. In 2017, more than half of agricultural holdings had less than 5 ha of UAA. In turn, the percentage of large farms with an area of 50 ha and more accounted for only 2.4%. This state of agrarian structure has a positive impact on the environment but in terms of economic and production needs improvement.

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