Teisės terminijos kaita 1918-1940 m. Lietuvoje veikusio civilinio kodekso vertimuose
Changes in the terminology of law in the translations of the civil code that functioned in the Republic of Lithuania

Summary/Abstract: In 1918 when independence of Lithuania was restored the laws of the Russian empire were kept. The first part of Volume 10 of the Collection of Russian Laws (the last official edition of 1914) became the Civil Code of Lithuania. This article deals with differences in the terminology of law in translations of this Code into Lithuanian. Some data about the manuscript translation of one of the four books of the first part of Volume 10, which was found in the Manuscript department of the Library of the Academy of Sciences of Lithuania, is presented. Terms of translations of Civiliniai įstatymai (Civil laws), published in 1928 and 1933 are analysed more exhaustively. The translator of the first edition is not indicated and the translator of the second is K. Šalkauskis. In the translation from 1933 there are some differences in terminology in comparison with the earlier translation, but the language in principle is the same, many paragraphs correspond word for word. Therefore it is concluded that either the translator was the same or the second translation was not original. In the translations of Civiliniai įstatymai of 1928 and 1933 there are about 350 differences of terminology of law. Terms are divided into groups according to the number of components and within these groups – according to their expression. Attention is drawn to more interesting changes in terminology, for instance, the development of terms įkeitimas (mortgaging) and senatis (prescription). It is difficult to judge which of those two translations is more correct and precise from the terminological point of view. There is no obvious difference and both translations have some shortcomings. It seems that the translation from 1933 is more contemporary, there are fewer mistakes, the text is better edited, some terms are improved, but also there is some terminological regress. One thing is clear – terms in the newer version of translation are more uniform, i.e. there are fewer different translations of the same term. The present terminology of law has changed, but both translations of the Code, especially the later, undoubtedly, had an influence on the development of Lithuanian civil law terminology.

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