CONSIDERAłII PRIVITOARE LA NEOLITICUL TÂRZIU / ENEOLITICUL TIMPURIU DIN SUD-VESTUL TRANSILVANIEI. MATERIALE CERAMICE DE LA ALBA IULIA-LUMEA NOUĂ
REMARKS CONCERNING THE LATE NEOLITHIC/EARLY ENEOLITHIC IN SOUTHWESTERN TRANSYLVANIA. POTTERY FROM ALBA IULIA-LUMEA NOUĂ

Summary/Abstract: This study analyzes some artifacts from the archaeological research carried out at Alba Iulia-Lumea Nouă between 1944 and 1947, and 1961 and 1963 by D. Berciu and I. Berciu. The artifacts now belong to the collection of the National Union Museum of Alba Iulia. The ceramic fragments belong to fine pottery. The artifacts are made of fine paste (without impurities), with fine sand as degreasing agent. They are well fired and the pots therefore have resonant walls and a black or black-grey color. The surface of the pots is lustrous and very well polished, both on the inside and on the outside. For some artifacts, the firing methods of the blacktopped pottery were used. A few painted sherds belonging to the D1 group are also presented in this study. They are made of good quality paste and had been fired in an oxidizing atmosphere. They have a geometric decoration consisting of red/cherry-red oblique or vertical stripes on an orange background. More importantly, there are actually significant differences between the sub-groups D1a and D1b, despite the initial assumptions. They actually represent distinct pottery categories. Thus,the former (D1a) belongs to the so-called Lumea Nouă painted pottery, while the latter resembles Foeni/Petresti A painted pottery. After having analyzed the shape, the manufacturing technique and the decoration, we can safely state that the artifacts examined in this paper belong to the Foeni pottery and to phase A of the Petresti culture. We have also argued against the hypothesis according to which these artifacts might belong to Vinca C. Until new materials with more accurate stratigraphy and coming from closed complexes are discovered, it is difficult to present and support a precise cultural frame for the Transylvanian area, or at least for the Lumea Nouă site.

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