Filozofija znanja
Philosophy of Knowledge

Summary/Abstract: The philosophy of sciences and scientific disciplines is a common name related to the philosophy of sciences and philosophy of facts. The philosophy of sciences itself is the science of comprehensive descriptive-analytical scientific direction, such as the philosophy of religious knowledge, the philosophy of empirical sciences, the philosophy of social sciences, etc. The philosophy of realities/facts is an introspective science of descriptive-rational character about the real and conventional phenomena such as philosophy of religion, political philosophy and philosophy of knowledge. In order to explain this topic, it is necessary to note that the philosophy of sciences and scientific disciplines (falsafeha-ye mozaf) appears in two forms, that is, in two ways. The first way this philosophy appears is in the form of mental and objective, and real and conventional phenomena and realities. The second way is in the form of organized knowledge and sciences. The philosophy of sciences and scientific disciplines deals with phenomena and realities that belong to the first category of knowledge, applying a certain philosophical view of the rational analysis of a certain topic, that is, the objective and mental reality. Such phenomena are: the philosophy of life, the philosophy of language, the philosophy of mind, the philosophy of soul, the philosophy of knowledge, the philosophy of religion, the philosophy of prophecy, etc. This article seeks to answer the following questions: what is the goal of the philosophy of knowledge; what is its importance and function; what would be the philosophy of the Islamic knowledge, and the relationship between epistemology and the philosophy of science. The article provides a brief overview of the classification of philosophy in the ancient Greece and of the contemporary trends in the philosophy in the West and the philosophy in Islam.

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