Ukraińskie nazwy grzybów makroskopijnych z elementami nazw zwierząt – wybrane aspekty analizy semantycznej i słowotwórczej
Ukrainian Macroscopic Mushroom Names Containing Animal Elements: Selected Aspects of a Semantic and Word-Formation Analysis

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this article is to present a semantic and word-formation analysis of the Ukrainian names of macroscopic mushrooms containing animal names in their structure. The Polish language material was used as a background for the considerations, especially in the area of semantics. The collected examples, i.e. 414 mushroom names (Ukrainian and Polish, 294 of which were myconyms with animal elements), were classified within 122 naming groups. Among the Ukrainian myconyms, the productivity of such animal names as вівця, коза, вовк, заєць, лисиця, їжак, муха, олень [vivtsya, koza, vovk, zayetsʹ, lysytsya, yizhak, mukha, olenʹ], among others, was found. The reasons for the use of these nomenclatural elements can be found, among others, in such issues as the similarity of the pericarps of mushrooms to certain body parts of animals, the similarity in colour, smell, physical features or the use of certain mushroom species as fodder or medicine for domestic animals, etc. In the sphere of derivation, both in relation to official and unofficial names of mushrooms, the presence of a wide variety of affixes was found; the neosemantisation procedures are also used in the process of creating zoonotic names.

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