I. Dünya Savaşı’nda Hilâl-i Ahmer (Kızılay) Cemiyeti’nin Sivas’taki Faaliyetleri
The Activities of the Red Crescent Society in the World War I in Sivas

Summary/Abstract: Red Crescent Society began to be formed in Sivas at the beginning of the World War I. The activities of the Society in Sivas were shaped by the developments of the Caucasus Front. At the beginning of the war, a Red Crescent Hospital was established in the city to assist the front. The significance of Sivas expressed itself right after the occupation of Erzurum and Trabzon in the second half of 1916. Transferring the Red Crescent Hospital from Erzurum to Sivas and the ceasing trading of Trabzon port made Sivas the health base of the Caucasian Front. In addition, the Red Crescent Society established a laboratory producing cholera, dysentery ,typhoid and typhus vaccines, a vaccination laboratory producing smallpox vaccine and a rabies treatment centre in Sivas, and tried to meet the needs of the army and civilian people in this regard. These production of vaccine in Sivas also formed the basis of vaccine production in the Republican period. The activities of the Red Crescent Society in Sivas decreased at the beginning of 1918 in parallel with the developments of the Caucasian Front. This article aims to examine the activities of the Red Crescent Society in Sivas during the World War I by using especially the Red Crescent Archive, the Ottoman Archive and related literature.

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