Polish Anthropological Terminology in Słownik terminologii lekarskiej polskiej from 1881
Polish Anthropological Terminology in Słownik terminologii lekarskiej polskiej from 1881

Summary/Abstract: The aim of the article is to preliminarily analyse the Polish anthropological terminologyincluded in the most important 19th-century Kraków Słownik terminologii lekarskiejpolskiej [Dictionary of Polish Medical Terminology] by S. Janikowski, J. Oettinger andA. Kremer, which was created during the period when anthropology was emerging asa new science. Anthropological terms had appeared in Kraków’s medical dictionariesbefore (over 40%), but it was in S 1881 that they were first distinguished from medicalterminology and marked with the qualifier antr.The anthropological terminology for S 1881 was prepared by prominent anthro-pologists who were also physicians: I. Kopernicki and J. Majer. Out of 195 Polish terms,over 70% apply to craniology and craniometry, reflecting the main direction of the development in Polish anthropology. The Polish terms are definitely indigenous. Morethan 80% are one- (55.4%) and two-element terms (26.2%). Synonymy is present in theanalysed terminology (40.4%), although there is a visible tendency to limit the numberof Polish terms in synonymic series to two (73.7%).

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