Úsilie o formovanie jednotnej politiky zlepšenia konkurencieschopnosti priemyslu v krajinách Európskej únie
AN EFFORT TO FORM UNIFIED POLICY TO IMPROVE INDUSTRIAL COMPETITIVENESS IN EU COUNTRIES

Summary/Abstract: The industry forms the backbone of every national economy. A relative loss of in-dustry’s weight within the national economy should not necessarily mean its weaken-ing. The formation of its strategic role was not determined by its decreasing role, but rather by its influence on the modernization process in the economy. At the same time, the boundary between industry and high-value-added industrial services has grown blurred. Therefore, when we talk about industrial policy in recent years, this term will also cover a range of services directly related to industry. A good third of the value-added in the European Union is generated by industry, and almost one of every three jobs is provided by manufacturing industry. It is necessary for industry to be efficient and innovatory if Europe is to return to a sustained economic growth and creating new jobs. Industrial innovation and investment are vital driving forces for progress in other important fields where the public authorities play a key role, such as education, health care and environmental protection. The intention of the article which originated in the framework of the project VEGA 2/4022/97 was to give a brief overview on different forms of industrial policy and on the current competitiveness comprehension which is in a close relationship with the econo-my’s entry into its globalization phase and analyses the development on this field within the European Union and it’s member states. The article attempted to identify the forces which called (out after a more than three decades of absence) a need of creating general unified industrial policy rules. The main European Union’s industrial policy priority is to touch up the industrial competitiveness. Competitiveness is a complex concept, much debated by economists. The OECD defines it as a capacity of businesses, industries, regions, nations or supra-national associations to be exposed, and remain to be exposed to international competi-tion and secure a relatively high return on the factors of production and relatively high employment levels on a sustainable basis. Chapter 1 also deals with theoretical aspects of the competitiveness on which the current framework of industrial policy has been based. The core of the article forms the chapter 3, which analyzes the above mentioned industrial policy of the European Union. It will be possible to restore growth and con-solidate the revival in the European Union unless they are based on competitive, effi-cient and innovative industry. To achieve these goal there are four priorities: to promote intangible investment, to develop industrial co-operation, to ensure fair competition and to moderni-ze the role of the public authorities. Although it is primarily up to businesses to ensure their competitiveness on the market, the public authorities in turn must promote the consistency of all measures to enhance industrial efficiency.

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