Përcaktimi i foljeve të parregullta në gjuhën shqipe
Defining irregular verbs in Albanian language

Summary/Abstract: One of the most discussed, but at the same time the most debated issues, for which has not been reached a satisfied solution, remains the classification of the verbs of Albanian language; as well their main division in regular and irregular verbs. In this article we have focused in defining the set of irregular verbs, for which in Albanian recent grammars has been prevalent the tendency to present the verbal system as less affected by irregularities. In order to reach an objective solution to this issue, our first aim was to set out the most objective criteria for the division into regular and irregular verbs. For this we have started from defying the notion of ‘regularity’ and ‘irregularity’ in the verbal system of Albanian language. As ‘regularity’ we have defined the morphological rules that apply to all members of a verbal group, such as: - The presence of two inflection themes in indicative, thanks to alternations o -ua, e - ye in aorist plural: lexoj - lexuam, dëgjoj - dëgjuam, shkoj-shkuam; rrëfej-rrëfyem, ushqej - ushqyem etc.; - The presence of two inflection themes in indicative, thanks to alternations ua - o, ye - e in aorist singular: shkruaj - shkrova, thyej - theva etc.; - The presence of two inflection themes in indicative, thanks to alternation je - o in aorist: sjell-solla, vjel- vola etc.; - The absence of verbal endings in present indicative singular for the verbs with theme in consonants: hap, kap, lidh, godit, ujit etc.; - Keeping the theme unchanged: la-j, qa-j, ujit, godit, qëndis, kap etj. As ‘irregularity’ we have defined: - The absence of verbal endings in present indicative singular for the verbs with theme in vocals: ha, pi, rri, zë etc.; - The presence of verbal endings in present indicative singular for the verbs with theme in consonants: ik-i, ik-ën, ik-ën; ec-i, ec-ën, ec-ën, hip-i, hipën, hip-ën; - The change of theme in 2 and 3 person singular present indicative rrëshqas, rrëshqet; bërtas, bërtet; buças, buçet etc.; - Reoccurrence of thematic -r/-n in aorist singular: bë-j- bër-a, zë -zura -zën-ë etc. Irregularities are in most cases the product of historical laws. We have defined all the verbs in which an irregularity is present as irregular verbs. So, according to our classification, the number of irregular verbs in Albanian language arrives at 85 (only non-derived verbs).

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