Etat des lieux des Eaux Souterraines dans les oasis de la Saoura et effets de contraintes(Sud-ouest, Algérie)
State of groundwater in the Saoura oases and effects of constraints (Southwest Algeria)

Summary/Abstract: The SaouraValley, a famous geographical area, is located in the South West of Algeria. It has 14 oases, exploiting groundwater, arranged in a hydrogeological system, split by the Saourawadi into two compartments: interconnected oriental, known as active phreatic groundwater of the great western erg, aquifers of the terraces and inferoflux of the Saoura wadi) end western unconnected consisting of groundwater from the Hamada of Guir and groundwater from the Cambro-Ordovician. This makes it a vulnerable system. The water temperature ranges from 16.2°C to 31.4°C. The dry residue (RS) varies from 280 to 7000 mg/l. The pH varies from 7.1 to 7.85. Chlorides ranged from 33 to 2800 mg/l. Similarly, sulphates range from 12 to 1800 mg/l. Bicarbonates range from 281 to 470 mg/l, and calcium from 34 to 568 mg/l. Magnesium is low, ranging from 13 to 105 mg/l, and Sodium reaches 2235 mg/l. These waters are classified as "chloride, sulphate, calcium and magnesium", "Sodium and potassium chloride or sodium sulphate" and "sodium hyperchloride". The Nitrates (NO3--) range from 0 mg/l to > 160 mg/l, with 22% of samples exceeding the 50 mg/l standard. The combination of natural factors and man-made actions is currently affecting the chemistry of this system, particularly in the lower reaches and terraces, creating a zoning system: hyper-salty lower reaches, salty terraces 1, 2 and 3 and freshwater groundwater, which is becoming increasingly widespread, and this is why the oases of the Saoura are in danger.

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