ULOGA MODELA ZAJEDNIČKOG VLASNIŠTVA U PREVENCIJI KRIMINALA U PROJEKTIMA IZGRADNJE ELEKTRANA OBNOVLJIVIH IZVORA ENERGIJE
THE ROLE OF THE SHARED OWNERSHIP MODEL IN CRIME PREVENTION IN RENEWABLE ENERGY POWER PLANT CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

Summary/Abstract: The systematic literature review is used in this paper to highlight the importance of the shared ownership model as one of the basic models used for fighting crime in the renewable energy sector. In order for renewable energy construction projects to run smoothly and to minimize criminal activities during the construction of renewable energy power plants, it is necessary to use models of prevention and early detection of criminal activities. One of the most effective models is shared ownership model that represents the division of ownership, finance and risk between local communities and private companies with the mediation of the state during the construction of renewable energy power plants. The reasons for which local communities enter into business relations within this model are of a financial nature. The local community shares the profits of the power plant with private companies, and very often they use the electricity produced by the power plant for free. On the other hand, private firms receive land that is owned by the local community, share the risk of finalizing the project with the local community and share investments in this project. In return, private companies participating in the project of building renewable energy power plants make available their knowledge, expertise and many years of experience in the sector of renewable energy sources. The state and local government also have a role in the model of joint ownership of renewable energy power plant construction projects. The state can support shared ownership model through tax relief, subsidies, legal regulations, acceleration of the bureaucratic part of the process and employment of the local population. On the other hand, this model suppresses the possibility of political figures or civil servants abusing their power, and for the sake of a bribe or gift, breaking the law by meeting the other side. Shared ownership model enables the reduction of corruption, makes the processes of constructing a power plant more transparent, including financial documentation and cash flows when investing in the project. Due to the transparency of project financing, theft of money from the project and money laundering through investments in renewable energy projects are prevented. This model breaks the monopoly of private and state companies, reduces corruption during land concessions, and reduces the malicious influence of the political elite and local businessmen on project development. In the literature, it is recommended that shared ownership model is used in combination with other recommended models in order to maximize the result of crime prevention and detection. The importance of this work is reflected in the fact that models of crime suppression in renewable energy power plant construction projects must be sufficiently researched in order to record all the benefits and all possible negative sides of the model that can possibly be improved by using other crime suppression models in power plant construction projects. For this reason, it was necessary to carry out a systematic review of the literature in order to obtain a current picture of the state of consciousness in the academic community when it comes to one of the most important crime prevention models in the sector of renewable energy sources - the shared ownership model.

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