Dziecięce rozumienie wybranych nazw wartości
Children’s understanding of selected value names

Summary/Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the understanding of selected names of social values by five-year-old children, such as friendship, responsibility, honesty, respect and tolerance. The research material was obtained through conversations (free, directed) with children who had turned five years old. Also tools of cognitive semantics (cognitive definition) were implemented. The results indicate that five-year-old participants in preschool education mostly recognize the given values, and their conceptualization and reconstruction of meanings are based on analogies that reflect concretized social interactions. Axiological phenomena are usually not internalized and are perceived in terms of concretized object, persons, or interaction qualities, which is typical of the transitional period between the preconventional and conventional stages. Children explain the world from a subjective point of view, focused on their own needs and benefits, although quite often, they refer to duties and the need to follow rules.

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