Dvasinis intelektas – tikroji lyderio galia
SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE – THE REAL POWER OF A LEADER

Summary/Abstract: The contemporary world, as well as business, is extremely dynamic. A human being cannot often understand where he/she races and what the point is. The problem of this century is not the lack of information but its excess. A human being is not able to cope with huge amounts of information employing his/her rational mind only. It requires solid value foundations that help realize what needs attention and what can be not taken into account, what needs deeper concentration and what can be lef aside. Thus, it is necessary for everyone to lead his/her life following spiritual laws, spiritual intelligence ensuring inner balance and confidence in own actions. Particularly, it is important to a leader who is supposed to be an example of stability, inner strength and self-confidence to other people, his/her followers. Today our society needs greatly a moral leadership the values and virtues of which have been known for more than 2000 years. Though, one can by the light of nature understand the meaning of words “spirituality”, “leader”, “intelligence”, but these words have different meanings to different people. A great number of researches of the leadership phenomenon have been made over the recent decades, in particular. The main reason for it is a leadership – one of critical variables that determine success or ill success of an organization. In the twentieth century there emerged five major leadership theories: considering traits, behaviour, power (influence), situational and integrated ones. The leadership theories of “Great man“, prevailing in discussions before 1900, preconditioned trait theories. As a response to them, more and more attention was paid to situational and environmental factors. Later, complex theories focusing on a personality and situation, psychoanalysis, role acquisition, alterations, goals and contingency were developed. Spiritual leadership theory is created after the inner motivation model including vision, hope/belief and altruistic love, workplace spiritual theories and survival of spirituality. Spiritual leadership theory can be somewhat considered as a response to a call for a more holistic leadership resulting in embedding four major points describing the essence of the human existence in a workplace - a body (physical), reason (logic/ rational idea), a heart (emotions; feelings) and a spirit (Fry, 2003). Earlier leadership theories focused on degrees of physical, mental and emotional dimensions of people interface within an organization, however spirituality was not considered as a separate type of intelligence (intellect) from the point of view of which a leader will be analyzed in this paper. SQ describes the ability to raise aims, to find the meaning of action and to live in harmony. Leaders, having high spiritual coefficient know how to achieve peace and harmony with themselves, with surrounding people and environment where they live. They know how to be happy and help others to find that in themselves.

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