Vëzhgime rreth anaforave në gjuhën shqipe
ANAPHORS IN ALBANIAN LANGUAGE

Summary/Abstract: The author of this article, Anila Çepani gives a general view of anaphors in Albanian language. In recent linguistic studies, the researchers represent two views in regard to anaphors, which, even though different, have contributed in perspective of many aspect of this occurrence. One view is that of text linguistics where there are multiple contribution from different authors, mainly of worldwide linguistic. Although exist many definitions about anaphors in this direction, the same concept included in their essence: with anaphor in language is understood the use of any item, usually smaller, to refer something else, mentioned before. A very important place has anaphor in generative studies, where this term is used in a narrow meaning. In these studies, anaphor refers to reflexive or reciprocal pronoun in English and analog forms in other languages. According to these researchers, the connection between anaphoric element and his precedent aren’t free, but conditioned grammatically. As a linguistic phenomenon in Albanian language, anaphor is mentioned for the first time from Justin Rrota in his grammar, where he makes the difference between deictic and anaphoric uses of indicative pronominal ky. Often the nature of relationship between anaphors and deixis isn't cut. As an element that has not a free reference in objective world, anaphor is depending in a certain referent or antecedent, but these relationships aren’t always coreferential. The more outstretched and varied type of anaphors are the pronominal one, where a specific place have reciprocal and reflective anaphors, which are the only that generative linguistics accept as real anaphors. In a more extended meaning of anaphor term, there are included nominal anaphors too, which have an independent meaning and give additional information about the precedent. A special group is verbal anaphors which are created mainly with verbs bëj, ndodh and other verbs that indicate process. As adverb anaphors are adverbs atëherë, kështu, atje, njëlloj that can refer to a nominal expression, a part of sentence or a whole sentence. Each of these types can be unrealized formally, but implied and in this case we can speak about unrealized anaphor or zero anaphora.

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