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CONCEPTIONS OF KNOWLEDGE AND THEIR HISTORIC CHANGE

Summary/Abstract: The article deals with three conceptions of knowledge – metaphysical, scientistic and postmodernist, – which prevailed in the European philosophical thought of the 19th and 20th centuries. Each conception is described taking into account the following aspects: the object and subject of knowledge; the subjest’s attitude towards the object of knowledge; the results of knowledge and their epistemic legitimacy; the relationship between knowledge and other spheres of human experience. Special attention is given to the postmodernist conception occupying the preponderant place in modern theoretic culture. Its strong points and weaknesses are subjected to a more detailed examination.

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