Балканите като „научна периферия" или „научен център": академичните миграции на жените учени от Балканите (XIX-XX в.)
Balkans as a "Scientific Periphery" or "Scientific Center": Academic Migrations of Balkan Women Scientists in the First Half of the 20th Century

Summary/Abstract: The paper examines the migration of the first academic women scientists from Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Greece in the first half of the 20th century. The main goal is to study the issue of academic migration as a factor for change of the status of outsiders, which women scientists obtain in their domestic research environments, and for their integration into the ‘scientific center’ (France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Austria, UK). Returning from study or specialization in their home countries, women scientists were becoming a kind of ‘research center’ to their home-educated colleagues, who could not work in leading research centers. This was the reason that women scientists, even pioneers in some scientific fields (nuclear physics, microbiology, biophysics, archeology, philosophy) were segregated in different ways: they were not appointed on academic positions, they obtained low positions and could not become professors, usually they were dismissed, their careers were stopped. This effectively put them in a status of "scientific periphery" within the domestic science, which in turn is also a "scientific periphery" to the leading research centers abroad, but paradoxically thought itself as a ‘scientific center’.

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