Príspevok k pôdorysom sídiel s prvkami centrality v priestore Liptova
Contribution to the Floor Plans of Settlements with Centrality Elements in the Liptov Region

Summary/Abstract: The aim of the article is a closer look on the development of the ground plans in the Middle Ages in cases of the selected settlements in the area of Liptov valley. These settle¬ments are quite different from other residential units. These differences are based on the fact that they are equipped with certain elements of centrality. These settlements because of their function as a central location overcame the historical progress of specific urban de¬velopment. Some more than others. This group consists from present villages and towns: Bobrovec, Hybe, Liptovská Sielnica, Liptovská Teplá, Liptovský Mikuláš, Liptovský Peter, Liptovský Trnovec, Okoličné, Partizánska Ľupča, Ružomberok and Vrbica. Most of the observed settlements continues in eaearlier tradition. On the basis of written sources, we can say that already during the first half of 13th century ending the process, resulting in the network of settlements with some degree of centrality. This process probably be¬gan in the end of 9th century. With the gradual expansion of settlements and raising of new villages, the original settlement cores become the centers of Liptov smal areas, bounda¬ries of which consisted primarily from the rivers and mountain ranges. We have uncertain¬ties whether the former border of oldest Liptov villages reflect the former ownership of the local clans from the time of the Great Moravia and time after its termination. The natural environment of the settlements is built in the wider valleys of the lokal creeks Their main axis is directing of the flow the creek. The oldest settlement is concentrated on the terraces of the creeks and at the edge of modern settlemetns. All observed settle¬ments are located in an advantageous position in the network of roads. Most of the settlements was based on or near of the important road or the communication point, where roads are divided or crossed Strategic importance has a combination of main roads with markets. Liptov markets didn´t involving long distance exchange. People using local markets mainly for the regional exchange. With the level of market interest is linked to the size of public place and his shape. Presumption of the centrality in Liptov was the existence of important places, to which in the wider surrounding area was no alternative. They are mainly residence of the parish with sacral building dating back to the course of the 13th century, possibly staying already in the 12th century. In future research the combination of archaeological and historic-urban planning should be the instrument to demonstrate the correctness of our hypotheses.

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