A Few Considerations about the Tactical Intelligence in the Roman Empire: Precursores, Exploratores, Speculatores
A Few Considerations about the Tactical Intelligence in the Roman Empire: Precursores, Exploratores, Speculatores

Summary/Abstract: Intelligence always was an important part of military conflicts. It was used, with more or less success by all important military leaders during ancient history but the peak was reached in the Roman army. For the first time special units were used for scouting, ambush techniques and for covert infiltration: procursatores, exploratores, speculatores. These units sometime decided the fate of the battle by their exact gathering of information. That is why leading military ideologist like Caesar, Onasander or Vegetius stressed out the importance of raising such units and the proper use of them.

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