K některým aspektům církevní krize na počátku první Československé republiky
On some aspects of the church crisis in the early years of the first Czechoslovak Republic

Summary/Abstract: The study is devoted to the issue of the so-called orthodox crisis in the Czechoslovak national church, which was founded in 1920 by a group of reform clergy breaking away from the Roman Catholic church. The orthodox crisis traditionally denotes the early phase of the church history in the years 1920 to 1924, when after the repudiation of the Roman Catholic church teachings the protagonists of the new front - while searching for a theological basis - came into contact with the Serbian Orthodox church, which led to negotiations on some form of co-operation between the two subjects. Soon, there were two wings emerging in the Czechoslovak church, a faction of adherents and a faction of opponents of accepting the orthodox orientation. They put up a sharp polemical fight in the years 1921 to 1924 and the organisation split. While in the early phase of the fights most of the church´s member base, represented by the personalities of B. Zahradník-Brodský and later M. Pavlík (Gorazd), supported the notion of moving towards the Serbian Orthodox church, and the Czechoslovak church proclaimed itself an Orthodox church, in the second phase from 1922 onwards the position of the K. Farský´s wing was growing stronger. K. Farský distanced himself from ortodoxy but also from the principle of apostolic succession in church and attached himself to the presbytarian system. This transformation of the church was in the theological sphere accompanied by the denial of some basic dogmatic Christian theses, which is comprised in Farsky and Kalous´s catechism. This textbook of religion for students of secondary grammar schools evoked a fundamental dispute in the church, ended the negoatiations of the Serbian church with the Czechoslovak church, and marked a beginning of a complicated path of new prospecting and orientation of the Gorazda´s wing, which led to the secession from the Czechoslovak church. Eventually, Gorazda joined a group of the orthodox around archbishop Savatije and assisted the early days of building up the Orthodox church in Czechoslovakia. Most of the Czechoslovak church member base joined K. Farský, who was elected its patriarch in 1924, and instilled in it features of his theological view.

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