Семантична характеристика на думата като основна единица на езиковата знакова система
Semantic Characterization of the word as a basic unit of the linguistic system

Summary/Abstract: It is possible to understand the human activity as theoretical experiment, as practical experience and as experiential result. In humans linguistic experience it is possible to recognize three interconnected but different levels of existence: of theoretical form (as architectonics or theory of sign possibility), of actual existence (as praxis) and of socio-cultural values (as knowledge or language competence). It is clear that such a division is based on three types of experience: experimental-grammatical, practical and as knowledge (competence, language know-how) corresponding to three types of existence: theoretical-virtual, pragmatic-actual and semantic-real. From semantic point of view we have to outline the modes of word’s being. Besides having actual existence (in actual utterance), every single word (as well every single object) has its (imaginary, virtually or theoretically) possible existence and its realized existence as socially established meaningful and understandable word-symbol. Practical language experience leads to semantic knowledge, „sedimented“ in words’ meanings and the meaning is understanding (in certain degree) of object’s essence of the sign or internal-predicative, attributive interpretation of the word.

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