Междуетнически нагласи и социални дистанции
Interethnic Attitudes and Social Distances

Summary/Abstract: Interthnic attitudes and social distances among Bulgarians, Turks, Jews, Armenians are investigated. Tajfel's cognitivistic conception about intergroup relations and Bogardus' classical tradition in study of social distances are used. Some of the basic ideas of Tajfel's Social Identity Theory (SIT) a "minimal group paradigm" are supported. In our investigation, there is an interethnic differentiation on the base of mere ethnic categorization stimulated: each ethnic group displays the most positive attitudes towards its own group. The data reveals some particularities. Bulgarians' attitudes aren't better towards their own group than towards Jews and Armenian's attitudes of Turks are not better towards their own group, than to Armenians. It is confirmed that the interethnic readiness for social contacts reflects some national and etnic specifities. Shortest social distances are demonstrated towards Bulgarians and even some of the investigated ethnoses indicate higher readiness for contacts with Bulgarians, than with their own group. The conclusion inferences are made about the coexistence of the differentiated ethnic identities, mutual tolerance among ethnic groups and social cultural identity of the minorities with Bulgarians as the basic community. That is interpreted as an indicator of development of psychology and culture of an "above ethnic" type.

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