Italų kulinarijos svetimžodžiai
Loanwords of Italian cuisine

Summary/Abstract: The paper deals with new loanwords referring to Italian cuisine, now very popular in Lithuania. The new loanwords appeared in 1990-2008 in Lithuanian written and electronic sources. Paper discusses major tendencies of the usage of the loanwords in terms of their variability, competition with equivalents, their relation with standard language norms and the prospect of standardisation. There were over 100 terms of Italian cuisine identified in the written and electronic sources of the above period. Most of them refer to the pasta dough, bread, cheeses, sweets and drinks. The causes of their appearance in Lithuanian are designatory and semantic: a need to name new things or identify differences in meaning when semantically old and new words partially overlap. Loanwords of Italian cuisine in Lithuanian are characterised by the variability of expression, e.g. cannelloni, canneloni, canelloni, caneloni; canelloniai; kaneloni; kaneloniai (It. cannelloni). The authentic orthography does not prevent the morphological adaptation of the loanwords; however, a change in the form which is most characteristic in the process of borrowing frequently leads to converging the orthography and morphology of the loanword. equivalents have been suggested for ca. one third of loanwords of Italian cuisine. equivalents are often expressed by descriptive phrases; however, they fail to meet the criteria of language economy, equivalence, meaning adequacy etc., which prevents their wider acceptance in actual use. search for equivalents should not prevent suggesting adapted forms of loanwords of Italian cuisine to the society.

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