Sūrių pavadinimų vartosena ir norma
On the usage and norm of the names of cheeses

Summary/Abstract: In present-day Lithuanian texts there is a clearly identifiable tendency to use over 50 names for new brands of cheese. They belong to new loan-words, and their use is highly variable. According to the degree of adapting foreign names to the rules of Lithuanian, the existing variants of the names of cheeses can be divided into two groups: those adapted orthographically and morphologically and those having preserved their authentic spelling. The new loan-words referring to the names of cheeses have hardly any other means of expression. Adapted varieties emerge when searching for the most appropriate variant in Lithuanian most closely expressing the original sound form of the loan word. The discrepancies between actual usage and sources of normative language attest to the fact that a search for the best variant is bound to be complicated and is likely to face the same difficulties as the search for the best Lithuanian variant for any new loan word. Non-adapted spelling variants should be treated as a failure to quote adequately; however, they can also be the result of variable spelling in the original language or the intermediate language which has borrowed the word and transferred it further into other languages. From the communicative point of view, the variability of forms in public use might have been due to objective reasons related to the lack of standard language norms (dictionaries or consultations). Presently, the situation has radically changed: normative regulations on the use of names of cheeses have been adopted; the normative variant of a number of cheese names is available in electronic and printed sources.

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