Communism, the Opening of the Archives and the Concept of Totalitarianism
Communism, the Opening of the Archives and the Concept of Totalitarianism

Summary/Abstract: When the adjective “totalitarian” appeared in Italy, in 1923, and then when “totalitarianism” was openly proclaimed, in 1925, by Mussolini, as describing his Fascist experimentation, both terms first referred to the new Italian regime2. At the time of Hitler’s seizure of power, the Nazi regime was, in its turn, called “totalitarian”.

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