Rozwój służby zdrowia i opieki społecznej w Katowicach do 1914 roku
The development of health service and social care in Katowice in 1914

Summary/Abstract: The development of health care in Katowice has happened successively starting from the second half of the 19th century. The very period was connected with creating organizational basis in the form of urban structures dealing with health issues coordinating the functioning of the institutions of closed services and outpatients’care, and tasks realized by the stations of social care as well as those responsible for ambulance prevention. The increase in number of the citizens in Katowice and neighbouring villages, as well as migration movements in the near-the-border area conditioned the necessity to introduce the control of the adherence of sanitary rules, food and drinking water control in order to decrease the risk of a high incidence and dissemination of the epidemic. A specialization in this area led to the development of scientific studies, realized by the Sanitary Institute in Katowice and the inclusion of school youth in the prevention examinations. A successive development of agglomeration conditioned the necessity to create the institutions of health care in the city, being able to provide not only first aid, but also specialist hospitalization. The citizens used among others Szpital Ojców Bonifratrów in Bogucice, Szpital Miejski and Szpital św. Elżbiety. The members of Spółka Bracka employed in neighbouring industrial factories made use of care offered by field hospitals. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries also the private initiative was developed, thanks to which private medical clinics were founded in Katowice. The popularization of accessibility to health care was also connected to the development of chemists which were responsible for providing hospitals and individual clients with medicaments, herbal preparations and articles on sale at the chemist’s. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries different forms of urban and charity social and welfare care were created in Katowice which supported, and at the same time, completed the actions of the public health system. Among such organizations were among others a Sanitary Column and institutions as well as foundations taking care of orphans and the poor. Religious communities in Katowice also took part in the process of creating the structures of the charity care.

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