Неаприорният човек между Аз (Кант) и Себе-си (Хайдегер)
The Non-Apriori Man Between I (Kant) and Self (Heidegger)

Summary/Abstract: The paper counterposes philosophical constructions of Kant and Heidegger in the perspective of the question under what conditions the „empirical“ man is independent and self-identical. A kind of „duality“ of that man is thematized, meaning that he/she exists simultaneously as present-at-hand, subsuming the contents of experience under himself, and as ecstatic, exposed to a transformative eventfulness. It is shown that Kant’s I, persisting as one and the same, is rooted as self-relation in Heidegger’s Self, which happens again and again by an ecstatic temporality. On the other hand, it is pointed out that the eventful Self needs the „hypostases“ of the present-at-hand I in order to be its own self and to be able to feed the steadiness of this I at all. The proposed thesis is that both sides of the „empirical“ man – the present-at-hand one, in which he/she withholds his/her identity, and the ecstatic one, from which he/she derives his/her own being – are complementary in the structure of sovereignty as developed by Carl Schmitt. In the sense of this thesis, the I is independent and self-identical as standing on the border between the „normal situation“ of one’s constancy and the „state of exception“ of one’s openness towards an occurring that is shared with others and therefore not subordinate to him, i.e. as „upgrading“ him/herself with the facticity of concrete situations that belongs to the existence that „carries“ the I and that would undermine the I in its quality of being integrated with it.

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