Gramatiskās sistēmas aprakstos (19.–21. gs.) lietotie jēdziena ‘verbs’ apzīmējumi latviešu valodā
The terms denoting the concept ‘verb’ in Latvian 19th-21st century grammatical sources

Summary/Abstract: Until the 1860s, the main researchers of the Latvian language were Baltic German clergymen whose works on Latvian grammar were written in Latin and German. Thus, the linguistic terminology used in these sources was also in Latin and German.Latvian linguistic terminology as a system began developing in the 2nd half of the 19th century with textbooks of German, Russian and Latvian, which included a systemic description of language units in the Latvian language.Originally, many linguistic concepts used to have various denotations, and this diversity existed for several decades. The concept ‘verb’ has had the following Latvian equivalents in the course of time: laikavārds, darīšanas vārds, verbs, saceklis, izteiksmes vārds, runas vārds, darbības vārds, norisenis and stāvokļa vārds.The diversity of linguistic terms in Latvian diminished to a certain extent since early 20th century – after the report by teacher Pēteris Abuls in 1901 about the usage of terminology in Latvian language textbooks, and the discussion of these terms in a 1902 meeting of the Science committee (Zinību komisija) of the Riga Latvian Society (Rīgas Latviešu biedrība). The unification of Latvian linguistic terms rooted out such equivalents of ‘verb’ as laikavārds, darīšanas vārds, saceklis, izteiksmes vārds, while the term darbības vārds was chosen to denote this concept. Later, during 1940s and 1950s, a term norisenis was also suggested to denote the verb, but it did not become widely used.The pair of terms darbības vārds and verbs, which are nowadays both used to denote this concept in Latvian, continue the tradition set in the 19th-century Latvian textbooks – the parallel use of both native and borrowed terms.

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