Књижевно-теоријски и критички систем епохе реализма у Европи
Literary Тheory and Criticism of Realism Epoche in Europe

Summary/Abstract: In this paper we analyze the literary criticism and literarytheoretical reflection, and paradigmatic foundation of positivism and realism, their permeation, merger and differentiation. We do this in the case of theoretical systems of major European scholars and literary historians who have marked this direction in world literature (Sent-Bev, Ernest Renan, Hippolyte Ten, Wilhelm Scherer, Gustave Lanson, Anatol France, Belinsky, Chernyshevsky, and others). With their work in the field and involvement in study of history and criticism, they have proven the purpose of utilitarianism in literature and the specificity of mimetic in realism. In this paper we are revealing their importance in relation to our moment in time, where being set up in temporal distance we can observe the extent to which these theoretical works have influenced the formation of the aesthetic and axiological judgments in the future. Literary criticism in the era of realism was highly developed, and this not only in Eurocentric circles, but beyond. Understanding realism in literature and utilitarian requests and their achievement are not uniformed. They differ from theorist to theorist forming a wide, but in the basic mimetic demand a coherent theoretical system, which is confirmed by its complexity only after being viewed as a whole.

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